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Grozdelerin ve Geri Kazanılmış Asfalt Kaplamalarının (RAP) Yapı Malzemeleri Olarak Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işını Floresans (EDXRF) ile Oksit Kompozisyon Analizi

Yıl 2024, ERKEN GÖRÜNÜM, 1 - 1
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1419582

Öz

Bu çalışma, Geri Dönüştürülmüş Asfalt Kaplaması (RAP) ve kaba agregaların sürdürülebilir inşaatlardaki rolüne odaklanarak, Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işını Floresansı (EDXRF) kullanarak kapsamlı bir elemental analiz yapmaktadır. SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaO, CuO ve ZnO gibi elementler analiz edilerek beton dayanımı, dayanıklılığı ve genel performans üzerindeki önemli etkileri ortaya konulmuştur. RAP, elle işlenmiş ve Gboko Yerel Yönetim Alanı'ndaki Mkar tepesinden alınan agregalarla birleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, %50 RAP ikamesi ile yapılan beton karışımlarının en yüksek basınç dayanımına ulaştığını, %75 RAP ikamesine sahip karışımların ise yarma çekme ve eğilme dayanımında üstün performans gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu sonuçlar, RAP'ın mekanik özellikleri geliştirmedeki etkinliğini vurgulamakta ve çevre dostu altyapı geliştirilmesinde kullanımının artırılması gerektiğini savunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Shi X., Mirsayar M., Mukhopadhyay A., and Zollinger D., “Characterization of two-parameter fracture properties of Portland cement concrete containing reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates by semicircular bending specimens,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 95, 56-69, (2019).
  • [2] Puccini M., Leandri P., Tasca A. L., Pistonesi L., and Losa M., “Improving the environmental sustainability of low noise pavements: Comparative life cycle assessment of reclaimed asphalt and crumb rubber based warm mix technologies,” Coatings, 9(5), 343, (2019).
  • [3] Zaumanis M., Mallick R. B., and Frank R. T., “Evaluation of rejuvenator’s effectiveness with conventional mix testing for 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement mixtures,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2370(1), 17-25, (2013).
  • [4] Hajj E. Y., Sebaaly P. E., and Shrestha R., “Laboratory evaluation of mixes containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP),” Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(3), 495-517, (2009).
  • [5] Yan Z., XinLei Z., WenBao J., Qing S., YongSheng L., DaQian H., and Da C., “Online X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of heavy metals in pulverized coal on a conveyor belt,” Applied Spectroscopy, 70(2), 272-278, (2016).
  • [6] Liu J., and Liu J., “Prediction models for low-temperature creep compliance of asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP),” Construction and Building Materials, 306, 124915, (2021).
  • [7] Michael T., “Characterization of reclaimed asphalt pavement and optimization in polymer modified asphalt blends: A review,” CEBEL, 2(2), 27-34,( 2021).
  • [8] Khademi Nadooshan F., Abedi A., Glascock M. D., Eskandari N., and Khazaee M., “Provenance of prehistoric obsidian artefacts from Kul Tepe, northwestern Iran using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis,” Journal of Archaeological Science, 40(4), 1956-1965, (2013).
  • [9] Kodom K., Preko K., and Boamah D., “X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of soil heavy metal pollution from an industrial area in Kumasi, Ghana,” Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 21(8), 1006-1021, (2012).
  • [10] Somerset V., Petrik L. F., White R., Klink M. J., Key D., and Iwuoha E. I., “The use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis in predicting the alkaline hydrothermal conversion of fly ash precipitates into zeolites,” Talanta, 64(1), 109-114, (2004).
  • [11] Okafor F., “Performance of recycled asphalt pavement as coarse aggregate in concrete,” Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 16, 47–58, (2010).
  • [12] Shi X., Mirsayar M., Mukhopadhyay A., and Zollinger D., “Characterization of two-parameter fracture properties of portland cement concrete containing reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates by semicircular bending specimens,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 95, 56–69, (2019).
  • [13] Hajj E. Y., Sebaaly P. E., and Shrestha R., “Laboratory evaluation of mixes containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP),” Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(3), 495–517, (2009).
  • [14] Cong P., Zhang Y., and Liu N., “Investigation of the properties of asphalt mixtures incorporating reclaimed SBS modified asphalt pavement,” Construction and Building Materials, 113, 334–340, (2016).
  • [15] Daniel J. S., and Lachance A., “Mechanistic and volumetric properties of asphalt mixtures with recycled asphalt pavement,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1929(1), 28–36, (2005).
  • [16] Abdalla A., Faheem A. F., and Walters E., “Life cycle assessment of eco-friendly asphalt pavement involving multi-recycled materials: A comparative study,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 362, 132471, (2022).
  • [17] Abdel-Jaber M., Al-shamayleh R. A., Ibrahim R., Alkhrissat T., and Alqatamin A., “Mechanical properties evaluation of asphalt mixtures with variable contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP),” Results in Engineering, 14, 100463, (2022).
  • [18] Abut Y., “Experimental investigation of the fracture properties for crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt mixtures,” Journal of Polytechnic, (2022).
  • [19] Arulrajah A., Piratheepan J., and Disfani M. M., “Reclaimed asphalt pavement and recycled concrete aggregate blends in pavement subbases: Laboratory and field evaluation,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2), 349–357, (2014).
  • [20] Aurangzeb Q., Al-Qadi I. L., Ozer H., and Yang R., “Hybrid life cycle assessment for asphalt mixtures with high RAP content,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 83, 77–86, (2014).
  • [21] Austerman A. J., Mogawer W. S., and Stuart K. D., “Variability of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) properties within a state and its effects on RAP specifications,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2674(6), 73–84, (2020).
  • [22] De Pascale B., Tataranni P., Lantieri C., Bonoli A., and Sangiorgi C., “Innovative 100% RAP cold in-situ recycling of wearing course layers: Laboratory and field characterisation and environmental impact assessment,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 24(1), (2023).
  • [23] Dony A., Colin J., Bruneau D., Drouadaine I., and Navaro J., “Reclaimed asphalt concretes with high recycling rates: Changes in reclaimed binder properties according to rejuvenating agent,” Construction and Building Materials, 41, 175–181, (2013).
  • [24] Fakhri M., Amoosoltani E., and Aliha M. R. M., “Crack behavior analysis of roller compacted concrete mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and crumb rubber,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 180, 43–59, (2017).
  • [25] Giani M. I., Dotelli G., Brandini N., and Zampori L., “Comparative life cycle assessment of asphalt pavements using reclaimed asphalt, warm mix technology and cold in-place recycling,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 104, 224–238, (2015).
  • [26] Jahanbakhsh H., Karimi M. M., Naseri H., and Nejad F. M., “Sustainable asphalt concrete containing high reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycling agents: Performance assessment, cost analysis, and environmental impact,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 244, 118837, (2020).
  • [27] Losa M., “Sustainability, eco-efficiency and conservation in transportation infrastructure asset management,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure, Pisa, Italy, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press., (2014)
  • [28] Miró R., Valdés G., Martínez A., Segura P., and Rodríguez C., “Evaluation of high modulus mixture behaviour with high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) percentages for sustainable road construction,” Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), 3854–3862, (2011).
  • [29] Montañez J., Caro S., Carrizosa D., Calvo A., and Sánchez X., “Variability of the mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) obtained from different sources,” Construction and Building Materials, 230, 116968, (2020).
  • [30] Plati C., Tsakoumaki M., and Gkyrtis K., “Physical and mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) incorporated into unbound pavement layers,” Applied Sciences, 13(1), 362, (2022).
  • [31] Austerman A. J., Mogawer W. S., and Stuart K. D., “Variability of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) properties within a state and its effects on RAP specifications,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2674(6), 73–84, (2020).
  • [32] De Pascale B., Tataranni P., Lantieri C., Bonoli A., and Sangiorgi C., “Innovative 100% RAP cold in-situ recycling of wearing course layers: Laboratory and field characterisation and environmental impact assessment,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 24(1), (2023).
  • [33] Dony A., Colin J., Bruneau D., Drouadaine I., and Navaro J., “Reclaimed asphalt concretes with high recycling rates: Changes in reclaimed binder properties according to rejuvenating agent,” Construction and Building Materials, 41, 175–181, (2013).
  • [34] Fakhri M., Amoosoltani E., and Aliha M. R. M., “Crack behavior analysis of roller compacted concrete mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and crumb rubber,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 180, 43–59, (2017).
  • [35] Giani M. I., Dotelli G., Brandini N., and Zampori L., “Comparative life cycle assessment of asphalt pavements using reclaimed asphalt, warm mix technology and cold in-place recycling,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 104, 224–238, (2015).
  • [36] Jahanbakhsh H., Karimi M. M., Naseri H., and Nejad F. M., “Sustainable asphalt concrete containing high reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycling agents: Performance assessment, cost analysis, and environmental impact,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 244, 118837, (2020).
  • [37] Losa M., “Sustainability, eco-efficiency and conservation in transportation infrastructure asset management,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure, Pisa, Italy, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press., (2014).
  • [38] Miró R., Valdés G., Martínez A., Segura P., and Rodríguez C., “Evaluation of high modulus mixture behaviour with high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) percentages for sustainable road construction,” Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), 3854–3862, (2011).
  • [39] Montañez J., Caro S., Carrizosa D., Calvo A., and Sánchez X., “Variability of the mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) obtained from different sources,” Construction and Building Materials, 230, 116968, (2020).
  • [40] Plati C., Tsakoumaki M., and Gkyrtis K., “Physical and mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) incorporated into unbound pavement layers,” Applied Sciences, 13(1), 362, (2022).

Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials

Yıl 2024, ERKEN GÖRÜNÜM, 1 - 1
https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1419582

Öz

This study utilizes Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) to conduct a detailed elemental analysis of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and coarse aggregates, focusing on their role in sustainable construction. Elements such as SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaO, CuO, and ZnO were analyzed, revealing their significant influence on concrete strength, durability, and overall performance. RAP was manually processed and combined with aggregates from Mkar hill in Gboko Local Government Area. The findings show that concrete mixes with 50% RAP replacement achieved the highest compressive strength, while those with 75% RAP replacement excelled in split tensile and flexural strength. These results highlight RAP's effectiveness in enhancing mechanical properties, advocating for its increased use in eco-friendly infrastructure development.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Shi X., Mirsayar M., Mukhopadhyay A., and Zollinger D., “Characterization of two-parameter fracture properties of Portland cement concrete containing reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates by semicircular bending specimens,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 95, 56-69, (2019).
  • [2] Puccini M., Leandri P., Tasca A. L., Pistonesi L., and Losa M., “Improving the environmental sustainability of low noise pavements: Comparative life cycle assessment of reclaimed asphalt and crumb rubber based warm mix technologies,” Coatings, 9(5), 343, (2019).
  • [3] Zaumanis M., Mallick R. B., and Frank R. T., “Evaluation of rejuvenator’s effectiveness with conventional mix testing for 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement mixtures,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2370(1), 17-25, (2013).
  • [4] Hajj E. Y., Sebaaly P. E., and Shrestha R., “Laboratory evaluation of mixes containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP),” Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(3), 495-517, (2009).
  • [5] Yan Z., XinLei Z., WenBao J., Qing S., YongSheng L., DaQian H., and Da C., “Online X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of heavy metals in pulverized coal on a conveyor belt,” Applied Spectroscopy, 70(2), 272-278, (2016).
  • [6] Liu J., and Liu J., “Prediction models for low-temperature creep compliance of asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP),” Construction and Building Materials, 306, 124915, (2021).
  • [7] Michael T., “Characterization of reclaimed asphalt pavement and optimization in polymer modified asphalt blends: A review,” CEBEL, 2(2), 27-34,( 2021).
  • [8] Khademi Nadooshan F., Abedi A., Glascock M. D., Eskandari N., and Khazaee M., “Provenance of prehistoric obsidian artefacts from Kul Tepe, northwestern Iran using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis,” Journal of Archaeological Science, 40(4), 1956-1965, (2013).
  • [9] Kodom K., Preko K., and Boamah D., “X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of soil heavy metal pollution from an industrial area in Kumasi, Ghana,” Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 21(8), 1006-1021, (2012).
  • [10] Somerset V., Petrik L. F., White R., Klink M. J., Key D., and Iwuoha E. I., “The use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis in predicting the alkaline hydrothermal conversion of fly ash precipitates into zeolites,” Talanta, 64(1), 109-114, (2004).
  • [11] Okafor F., “Performance of recycled asphalt pavement as coarse aggregate in concrete,” Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 16, 47–58, (2010).
  • [12] Shi X., Mirsayar M., Mukhopadhyay A., and Zollinger D., “Characterization of two-parameter fracture properties of portland cement concrete containing reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates by semicircular bending specimens,” Cement and Concrete Composites, 95, 56–69, (2019).
  • [13] Hajj E. Y., Sebaaly P. E., and Shrestha R., “Laboratory evaluation of mixes containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP),” Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(3), 495–517, (2009).
  • [14] Cong P., Zhang Y., and Liu N., “Investigation of the properties of asphalt mixtures incorporating reclaimed SBS modified asphalt pavement,” Construction and Building Materials, 113, 334–340, (2016).
  • [15] Daniel J. S., and Lachance A., “Mechanistic and volumetric properties of asphalt mixtures with recycled asphalt pavement,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1929(1), 28–36, (2005).
  • [16] Abdalla A., Faheem A. F., and Walters E., “Life cycle assessment of eco-friendly asphalt pavement involving multi-recycled materials: A comparative study,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 362, 132471, (2022).
  • [17] Abdel-Jaber M., Al-shamayleh R. A., Ibrahim R., Alkhrissat T., and Alqatamin A., “Mechanical properties evaluation of asphalt mixtures with variable contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP),” Results in Engineering, 14, 100463, (2022).
  • [18] Abut Y., “Experimental investigation of the fracture properties for crumb rubber modified (CRM) asphalt mixtures,” Journal of Polytechnic, (2022).
  • [19] Arulrajah A., Piratheepan J., and Disfani M. M., “Reclaimed asphalt pavement and recycled concrete aggregate blends in pavement subbases: Laboratory and field evaluation,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(2), 349–357, (2014).
  • [20] Aurangzeb Q., Al-Qadi I. L., Ozer H., and Yang R., “Hybrid life cycle assessment for asphalt mixtures with high RAP content,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 83, 77–86, (2014).
  • [21] Austerman A. J., Mogawer W. S., and Stuart K. D., “Variability of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) properties within a state and its effects on RAP specifications,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2674(6), 73–84, (2020).
  • [22] De Pascale B., Tataranni P., Lantieri C., Bonoli A., and Sangiorgi C., “Innovative 100% RAP cold in-situ recycling of wearing course layers: Laboratory and field characterisation and environmental impact assessment,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 24(1), (2023).
  • [23] Dony A., Colin J., Bruneau D., Drouadaine I., and Navaro J., “Reclaimed asphalt concretes with high recycling rates: Changes in reclaimed binder properties according to rejuvenating agent,” Construction and Building Materials, 41, 175–181, (2013).
  • [24] Fakhri M., Amoosoltani E., and Aliha M. R. M., “Crack behavior analysis of roller compacted concrete mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and crumb rubber,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 180, 43–59, (2017).
  • [25] Giani M. I., Dotelli G., Brandini N., and Zampori L., “Comparative life cycle assessment of asphalt pavements using reclaimed asphalt, warm mix technology and cold in-place recycling,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 104, 224–238, (2015).
  • [26] Jahanbakhsh H., Karimi M. M., Naseri H., and Nejad F. M., “Sustainable asphalt concrete containing high reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycling agents: Performance assessment, cost analysis, and environmental impact,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 244, 118837, (2020).
  • [27] Losa M., “Sustainability, eco-efficiency and conservation in transportation infrastructure asset management,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure, Pisa, Italy, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press., (2014)
  • [28] Miró R., Valdés G., Martínez A., Segura P., and Rodríguez C., “Evaluation of high modulus mixture behaviour with high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) percentages for sustainable road construction,” Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), 3854–3862, (2011).
  • [29] Montañez J., Caro S., Carrizosa D., Calvo A., and Sánchez X., “Variability of the mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) obtained from different sources,” Construction and Building Materials, 230, 116968, (2020).
  • [30] Plati C., Tsakoumaki M., and Gkyrtis K., “Physical and mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) incorporated into unbound pavement layers,” Applied Sciences, 13(1), 362, (2022).
  • [31] Austerman A. J., Mogawer W. S., and Stuart K. D., “Variability of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) properties within a state and its effects on RAP specifications,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2674(6), 73–84, (2020).
  • [32] De Pascale B., Tataranni P., Lantieri C., Bonoli A., and Sangiorgi C., “Innovative 100% RAP cold in-situ recycling of wearing course layers: Laboratory and field characterisation and environmental impact assessment,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 24(1), (2023).
  • [33] Dony A., Colin J., Bruneau D., Drouadaine I., and Navaro J., “Reclaimed asphalt concretes with high recycling rates: Changes in reclaimed binder properties according to rejuvenating agent,” Construction and Building Materials, 41, 175–181, (2013).
  • [34] Fakhri M., Amoosoltani E., and Aliha M. R. M., “Crack behavior analysis of roller compacted concrete mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement and crumb rubber,” Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 180, 43–59, (2017).
  • [35] Giani M. I., Dotelli G., Brandini N., and Zampori L., “Comparative life cycle assessment of asphalt pavements using reclaimed asphalt, warm mix technology and cold in-place recycling,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 104, 224–238, (2015).
  • [36] Jahanbakhsh H., Karimi M. M., Naseri H., and Nejad F. M., “Sustainable asphalt concrete containing high reclaimed asphalt pavements and recycling agents: Performance assessment, cost analysis, and environmental impact,” Journal of Cleaner Production, 244, 118837, (2020).
  • [37] Losa M., “Sustainability, eco-efficiency and conservation in transportation infrastructure asset management,” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure, Pisa, Italy, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press., (2014).
  • [38] Miró R., Valdés G., Martínez A., Segura P., and Rodríguez C., “Evaluation of high modulus mixture behaviour with high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) percentages for sustainable road construction,” Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), 3854–3862, (2011).
  • [39] Montañez J., Caro S., Carrizosa D., Calvo A., and Sánchez X., “Variability of the mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) obtained from different sources,” Construction and Building Materials, 230, 116968, (2020).
  • [40] Plati C., Tsakoumaki M., and Gkyrtis K., “Physical and mechanical properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) incorporated into unbound pavement layers,” Applied Sciences, 13(1), 362, (2022).
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İnşaat Yapım Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Michael Toryila Tiza 0000-0003-3515-8951

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 3 Ekim 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 ERKEN GÖRÜNÜM

Kaynak Göster

APA Tiza, M. T. (2024). Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials. Politeknik Dergisi1-1. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1419582
AMA Tiza MT. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials. Politeknik Dergisi. Published online 01 Ekim 2024:1-1. doi:10.2339/politeknik.1419582
Chicago Tiza, Michael Toryila. “Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) As Construction Materials”. Politeknik Dergisi, Ekim (Ekim 2024), 1-1. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1419582.
EndNote Tiza MT (01 Ekim 2024) Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials. Politeknik Dergisi 1–1.
IEEE M. T. Tiza, “Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials”, Politeknik Dergisi, ss. 1–1, Ekim 2024, doi: 10.2339/politeknik.1419582.
ISNAD Tiza, Michael Toryila. “Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) As Construction Materials”. Politeknik Dergisi. Ekim 2024. 1-1. https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1419582.
JAMA Tiza MT. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials. Politeknik Dergisi. 2024;:1–1.
MLA Tiza, Michael Toryila. “Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) As Construction Materials”. Politeknik Dergisi, 2024, ss. 1-1, doi:10.2339/politeknik.1419582.
Vancouver Tiza MT. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF)- Oxide Composition Analysis of Coarse Aggregates and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as Construction Materials. Politeknik Dergisi. 2024:1-.
 
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