Kaplama Uygulanmış Buhar Türbini Kanadının Ömrünün Korozyon ve Erozyon Açısından İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, ERKEN GÖRÜNÜM, 1 - 1

Murat Kayaalp , Hakan Ateş , Hasan Hasırcı

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1651269

Öz

Bu çalışmada türbin kanatlarının işletme koşullarında maruz kaldığı fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimler ve bu değişimlerin malzeme üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında bir Termik Santralde 25 yıl boyunca kullanılan bir türbin kanadı ve kaplaması ile hiç kullanılmamış aynı malzemeden yapılmış orijinal bir türbin kanadının dayanıklılık/çalışma ömrü boyunca oluşan korozyon ve aşınma miktarları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma, türbin kanatlarının daha uzun ömürlü olması için mevcut malzeme ve kaplamanın uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesinde ve fiziksel ve kimyasal koşullara dayanıklılık açısından kaplamada yapılabilecek değişikliklere yönelik fikirler edinilmesinde önemli bulgular içermektedir. Çalışmada incelenen türbin kanadının termal metal püskürtme kaplama yöntemi kullanılarak Co esaslı malzeme (Cr, Mo, Ni, Mn içeren) ile kaplandığı belirlenmiştir. Kaplamaya ve altlığa AgCuZn esaslı bağ kaplaması uygulanmıştır. Ortalama 69.466.700 MWh enerji üretimi ile 25 yıllık hizmet süresinden sonra türbin kanadı türbinden sökülerek korozyon ve erozyon hasarı analizleri için incelenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmada numunelerin metalografik hazırlanması nedeniyle kimyasal ve boyutsal ölçümler, optik mikroskopi, SEM ve EDS ölçümleri yapılmıştır. XRD ile yapısal analizler yapılmış, sertlik testi ile numunelerin mekanik özellikleri ve ömürleri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda türbin kanatçığının hem korozyon ve erozyona hem de korozif erozyona maruz kaldığı, yüzeydeki kaplamanın lokal olarak tamamen aşındığı, kanat uçlarında aşınma (korozif ve erozif) nedeniyle kesit daralması olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kaplanan kısımlar erozif ve korozif etkilere karşı daha dirençli olmuştur. Kaplama aşınmasında taban malzemesi ile kaplama başlangıç ​​noktası arasındaki geçiş bölgesi oldukça etkili olmuştur. Korozyon ve erozyonun birlikte aşınmaya neden olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buhar Türbini Kanadı , Erozyon , Koorozyon

Investigation of The Lifetime of the Coating Applied on The Steam Turbine Blade in Terms of Corrosion and Erosion

Öz

This study evaluated the physical and chemical changes that turbine blades are exposed to under operating conditions and their effects on the material. Within the scope of the study, the amount of corrosion and wear that occurred during the durability/operational life of a turbine blade and its coating used for 25 years in a Thermal Power Plant and an original turbine blade made of the same material that has never been used were comparatively examined. This research contains important findings in evaluating the suitability of the existing material and coating for longer life of turbine blades and obtaining ideas for changes to be made to the coating in terms of resistance to physical and chemical conditions. The turbine blade examined in the study was determined to be coated with Co-based material (containing Cr, Mo, Ni, Mn) using the thermal metal spray coating method. AgCuZn-based bond coating was applied to the coating and the substrate. After 25 years of service with an average energy production of 69,466,700 MWh, the turbine blade was removed from the turbine and examined for corrosion and erosion damage analyses. In the experimental study, chemical and dimensional measurements, optical microscopy, SEM, and EDS measurements were carried out due to the metallographic preparation of the samples. XRD performed structural analysis, and hardness testing was used to determine the mechanical properties and life of the samples. As a result of the investigations, it was determined that the turbine blade was subjected to both corrosion and erosion and corrosive erosion, the coating on the surface was completely worn locally, and there was a cross-sectional reduction due to wear (corrosive and erosive) at the blade tips. The coated parts were more resistant to erosive and corrosive effects. The transition zone between the base material and the coating starting point was very effective in coating wear. It has been observed that corrosion and erosion cause abrasion together.

Anahtar Kelimeler

steam turbine blade , erosion , corrosion

Kaynakça

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