Farklı Dizi Aralığında Eğim Açısının Fotovoltaik Sistemlerin Performansina Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4, 1573 - 1585, 01.12.2023

Muharrem Hilmi Aksoy , Murat İspir , Emin Yeşil

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1260228

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bir fotovoltaik (PV) sistem için optimum eğim açısı, panellerin üzerine gelen gölgeleme miktarını etkilediği için dizi aralığına bağlıdır. Bu çalışma, Konya ilinde 3000 m² sabit bir alanda 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m ve 4 m olan dört farklı panel dizisi aralığı için PV sistemlerini modellemiştir. Farklı dizi aralıkları için sistem performansları, konumdaki PV kurulumları için uygun bir açı olarak ifade edilen 35° sabit bir eğim açısı kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca elektrik üretimi açısından dört farklı durum için optimum eğim açısı bulunmuştur. 35° eğim açısına ve 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m ve 4 m panel dizisi aralığı sahip sistemlerde yılda sırasıyla 622.77 MWh, 566,49 MWh, 495.36 MWh ve 385,72 MWh elektrik enerjisi üretilmiştir. Bunun yanında optimum eğim açıları olan 1°, 15°, 21° ve 27° durumlarında elektrik üretim değerleri %6.19, %4.41, %2.56 ve %0.92 daha fazladır. Benzer şekilde, optimum açılarla elde edilen Performans Oranı (PR) değerleri, sabit eğim açısı durumlarından %20.61, %8.39, %4.12 ve %1.44 daha yüksektir. Ekonomik analize göre, bu panel sıra aralıkları için sabit eğim açısına sahip sistemler sırasıyla 5.127, 4.67, 4.44 ve 4.28 yılda kendini amorti ederken, optimum açılara sahip sistemlerde ise %5.83, %4.26 %2.49 ve %0.91 daha kısa sürede amorti etmektedir. Ayrıca, en yüksek NPV/INV, IRR ve ROI değerleri, sırasıyla 0.915, %20.42 ve %91.57 değerleri ile 3 m panel dizi aralığına ve 21° eğim açısı sahip sistemden elde edildi ve bu sistem tekno-ekonomik olarak en uygun sistem bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik analiz, Panel dizi aralığı, fotovoltaik sistem, Eğim açısı, Gölgeleme kaybı

Impact of Tilt Angle on The Performance of The Photovoltaic Systems for Different Row Spacing

Öz

The optimum tilt angle for a photovoltaic (PV) system depends on the row spacing because it affects the amount of shading on the panels. This study modeled PV systems for four different panel row spacings of 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, and 4 m in a fixed 3000 m² area in Konya province, Turkey. For different panel row spacings, the system performances were compared using a constant tilt angle of 35°, expressed as a proper angle for PV installations at the considered location. In addition, the optimum tilt angle is found for four different cases in terms of electricity generation. In systems with 35° tilt angles at electricity were produced annually as 622.77 MWh, 566.49 MWh, 495.36 MWh, and 385.72 MWh, respectively, for panel row spacings of 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, and 4 m. In addition, these electricity productions are 6.19%, 4.41%, 2.56%, and 0.92% higher with optimum tilt angles as 1°, 15°, 21° and 27°. Similarly, the Performance Ratio (PR) values obtained with the optimum angles are 20.61%, 8.39%, 4.12%, and 1.44%, higher than the fixed tilt angle cases. According to the economic analysis, systems with a fixed tilt angle for these panel row spacings pay back themselves in 5.13, 4.67, 4.44, and 4.28 years, respectively, while systems at optimum angles pay back themselves in a shorter time by 5.83%, 4.26%, 2.49%, and 0.91%. Furthermore, the highest NPV/INV, IRR, and ROI values were obtained from the system with 3 m panel row spacing with the optimum tilt angle of 21° as 0.915, 20.42%, and 91.57%, respectively, which is techno economically found to be the most feasible case.

Anahtar Kelimeler

economic analysis, photovoltaic system, tilt angle, panel row spacing, shading losses

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