β Tipi Ti Alaşımlarının Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Derleme: Mikroyapı, Mekanik, Korozyon Özellikleri ve Üretim Yöntemleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4, 1601 - 1620, 01.12.2023

Hasan İsmail Yavuz Rıdvan Yamanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.987216

Cited By: 1

Öz

Biyomedikal malzeme endüstrisi, insanların hayat kalitesini ve buna bağlı aktivitelerini sürdürebilmeleri amacıyla dünya çapında gelişmeye devam etmektedir. Yaşlı nüfus ve refah seviyesinin artış göstermesi biyomedikal malzeme sektörünün hızlı bir şekilde büyümesini sağlayan başlıca sebepler arasındadır. Vücut içerisinde implantasyonun yapılacağı bölgenin özelliklerine göre tercih edilen malzeme grubu değişmektedir. Bu malzemeler arasında metalik biyomalzemeler üstün mekanik özelliklerinden dolayı yüksek kullanım oranına sahiptir. Polimer esaslı, seramik esaslı ve kompozit biyomalzemelerde olduğu gibi metalik biyomalzemelerin de konak canlıda oluşturduğu problemler birçok etkene bağlıdır. Oluşan sorunlara karşı yapılan çalışmalar ve gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte günümüzde yenilikçi çözümler üretilmektedir. Metalik biyomalzemeler sahip oldukları yüksek elastisite modülü ile biyomekanik uyumsuzluğa sebep olurken, içerdikleri alaşım element iyonlarının toksik etki oluşturması sonucunda biyouyumluluğu tehlikeye atmaktadırlar. Bundan dolayı derleme doğrultusunda temelde yaşanan iki probleme karşı geliştirilen, biyouyumluluğu yüksek elementlerle alaşımlanan ve faz yapısı sayesinde düşük elastisite modülüne sahip olan β tipi Ti alaşımlarının özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, β tipi Ti alaşımlarının üretim yöntemlerinin alaşım üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmuş bu noktada toz metalürjisi teknolojisi ile geliştirilen alaşımların verimliliği araştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyomalzeme, titanyum esaslı malzemeler, elastik modül, toz metalürjisi

A Review on the Properties of β Type Ti Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical, Corrosion Properties and Production Methods

Öz

The biomedical material industry continues to grow worldwide for people to sustain their quality of life and related activities. The increase in the aging population and prosperity level are among the main reasons that the biomedical material industry growing rapidly. According to the characteristic properties of the region where implantation will be performed within the body, the preferred material group varies. Among these materials, metallic biomaterials have a high usage rate due to their superior mechanical properties. As with the issues faced in polymer-based, ceramic-based, and composite materials the problems triggered by metallic biomaterials in patients take place by cause of many reasons. Innovative solutions are produced today with the developing technology and the effort done against to the problems. Whereas metallic biomaterials cause biomechanical unsuitability with their high modulus of elasticity, they threaten biocompatibility by producing a poisonous effect because of toxic alloy element ions. Therefore, the characteristics of β-type Ti alloys were explored which were created to address two basic issues: they were alloyed with elements with excellent biocompatibility and had a low modulus of elasticity owing to their phase structure. Furthermore, the effects of the production methods on β-type Ti alloys were highlighted and the effectiveness of alloys created with powder metallurgy technology was analyzed at this step.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biomaterials, titanium based materials, modulus of elasticity, powder metallurgy

Kaynakça

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