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DOKUNMA İHTİYACI VE YAZILI BİLGİNİN PSİKOLOJİK SAHİPLİK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 22, 205 - 232, 01.12.2018

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı; tüketicinin dokunma ihtiyacı ile ürüne dokunma imkânının bulunmadığı çevrimiçi alışveriş ortamında, bu eksikliğin telafisi için sunulan yazılı bilgiler arasındaki etkileşimin psikolojik sahiplik üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca, çalışmada çevrimiçi alışveriş ortamında psikolojik sahipliğin belirlenen alış fiyatı, ağızdan ağıza iletişim ve satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada 561 anket formu dağıtılmış ancak analizler geçerli kabul edilen 476 anket üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Yapılan analizler sonucunda dokunma ihtiyacının düşük veya yüksek oluşu ile yazılı bilgi türü arasındaki etkileşimin psikolojik sahiplik üzerinde etkisi olmadığı bulunmuştur. Diğer yandan dokunma ihtiyacının enstrümantal ve ototelik alt boyutlarının yazılı bilgi türü ile etkileşimi psikolojik sahipliği etkilemektedir. Ancak bu etki dokunma ihtiyacının boyutları ile yazılı bilgi arasında uyum olmadığı durumda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çevrimiçi alışveriş ortamında ürüne karşı hissedilen psikolojik sahiplik arttıkça belirlenen alış fiyatı, ağızdan ağıza iletişim ve satın alma niyeti artmaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Alexandrov, A., Lilly, B. ve Babakus, E. (2013). The Effects of Social-and Self-Motives on the Intentions to Share Positive and Negative Word of Mouth. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(5): 531–546
  • Arndt, J. (1967) Role of Product-Related Conversations in the Diffusion of a New Product. Journal of Marketing Research 4: 291–295.
  • Arnold, M.J. ve Reynolds, K.E. (2003). Hedonic Shopping Motivations. Journal of Retailing, 79(2): 77-95.
  • Asatryan, Vahagn S. ve Haemoon Oh. (2008). Psychological Ownership Theory: An Exploratory Application in the Restaurant Industry. Journal of Hospita- lity and Tourism Research, 32(3): 363–386.
  • Babin, J. B., Darden, W.R. ve Griffin, M. (1994). Work and/or Fun: Measuring Hedonic & Utilitarian Shopping Value. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(5): 644-656.
  • Belk, R. (1988). Possessions and the Extended Self. Journal of Customer Resear- ch, 15 (2): 139-168.
  • Bone, P.F. (1995). Word-of-Mouth Effects on Short-Term and Long-Term Product Judgments. Journal of Business Research, 32(3): 213-223.
  • Brasel, S.A. ve Gips, J. (2014). Tablets, Touchscreens, and Touchpads: How Var- ying Touch Interfaces Trigger Psychological Ownership and Endowment. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 24(2): 226–233.
  • Lessard-Bonaventure, S. ve Chebat, J. (2016). Psychological Ownership, Touch, And Willingness to Pay for An Extended Warranty. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 224–234.
  • Childers, T.L., Carr, C.L., Peck, J. ve Carson, S. (2001). Hedonic and Utilitarian Motivations for Online Retail Shopping Behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77: 511-535.
  • Citrin, A., Stem, D., Spangenberg E. R. ve Clark, M. J. (2003). Consumer Need for Tactile Input: An Internet Retailing Challenge. Journal of Business Re- search, 56(11): 915–922.
  • Craig, J. C. ve Rollman, G.B., (1999). Somesthesis. Annual Review of Psycho- logy. 50 (1): 305 – 331
  • Derbaix, C. ve Vanhamme, J. (2003). Inducing Word-of-Mouth by Eliciting Surpri- se - A Pilot Investigation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24 (1): 99-116.
  • Dichter, E. (1966). How Word-of-Mouth Advertising Works. Harvard Business Review, 44: 147-157.
  • Franciosi, R., Kujal, P., Michelitsch, R., Smith, V. ve Deng, G. (1996). Experi- mental Tests of the Endowment Effect. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 30 (2): 213–226.
  • Fuchs, C., Prandelli, E. ve Schreier, M. (2010). The Psychological Effects of Em- powerment Strategies on Consumers’ Product Demand. Journal of Marke- ting, 74(1): 65–79.
  • Fullerton, G. (2003). When Does Commitment Lead to Loyalty? Journal of Ser- vice Research, 5(4): 333-344.
  • Global B2C Ecommerce Report 2016. https://www.ecommercewiki.org/wikis/www. ecommercewiki.org/images/5/56/Global_B2C_Ecommerce_Report_2016.pdf
  • Grewal, D., Monroe, K. ve Krishnan, R. (1998). The Effects of Price-Comparison Advertising on Buyers’ Perceptions of Acquisition Value, Transaction Va- lue, and Behavioral Intentions. Journal of Marketing, 62(2): 46-59.
  • Grohmann, B., Spangenberg, E.R. ve Sprott, D.E. (2007). The Influence of Tactile Input on the Evaluation of Retail Product Offerings. Journal of Retailing, 83(2): 237-45.
  • Holbrook, M. B. ve Hirschman, E. C., (1982). The Experiential Aspects of Con- sumption: Consumer Fantasies, Feelings, and Fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2): 132–140
  • Johansson, Roland S. (1978). Tactile Sensibility in the Human Hand: Receptive Field Characteristics of Mechanoreceptive Units in the Glabrous Skin Area, Journal of Physiology, 281(2): 101–123.
  • Jussila, I., Tarkiainen, A., Sarstedt, M. ve Hair, J. F. (2015). Individual Psycho- logical Ownership: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications for Research in Marketing. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 121–139.
  • Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L. ve Thaler, R. (1990). Experimental Tests of the Endowment Effect and the Coarse Theorem. Journal of Political Economy, 98(6): 728–741.
  • Kahneman, D. ve Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2): 263–291.
  • Kirk, C., Swain, S. ve Gaskin, J. (2015). I’m Proud of It: Consumer Technology Appropriation and Psychological Ownership. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 166-184.
  • Klatzky, R. L., Lederman, S. J. ve Matula, D. E. (1993). Haptic Exploration in the Presence of Vision. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Percepti- on and Performance, 19(4): 726-743.
  • Klatzky, R.L. ve Lederman, S.J. (1993). Toward a Computational Model of Cons- traint-Driven Exploration and Haptic Object Identification. Perception, 22 (5): 597-621.
  • Knetsch, J. L. ve Sinden, J. A. (1984). Willingness to Pay and Compensation De- manded: Experimental Evidence of an Unexpected Disparity in Measures of Value. Qurterly Journal of Economics, 99(8): 507-521.
  • Krishna, A. (2012). An Integrative Review of Sensory Marketing: Engaging the Senses to Affect Perception, Judgment and Behavior, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(3):332-351.
  • Leary, Mark R., (2007). Motivational and Emotional Aspects of the Self. Annual Review of Psychology, (58): 317–344.
  • Lederman, S. J. ve Klatzky, R. L. (1990). Haptic Classification of Common Objects: Knowledge-Driven Exploration. Cognitive Psychology, 22 (4): 421–459.
  • McCabe, D. B. ve Nowlis, S. M. (2003). The Effect of Examining Actual Produ- cts or Product Descriptions on Consumer Preference. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13 (4): 431–439.
  • McClelland, D. C., Koestner, R. ve Weinberger, J. (1989). How do Self-Attributed and Implicit Motives Differ? Psychological review, 96(4): 690–702.
  • Noble, S., Griffith, D.A. ve Weinberger, M.G. (2005). Consumer derived utilita- rian value and Channel Utilization in a Multichannel Context. Journal of Business Research, 58: 1643
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T.L. (2003a). Individual Differences in Haptic Information Processing: The “Need for Touch” Scale, Journal of Consumer Research, 30(3): 430-442
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T. L. (2003b). To have and to hold: The influence of haptic information on Product Judgments. Journal of Marketing, 67(2): 35–48
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T.L. (2006). If I Touch It I Have to Have It: Individual and Environmental Influences on Impulse Purchasing. Journal of Business Re- search, 59 (6): 765–69.
  • Peck, J. ve Shu, S. B. (2009). The Effect of Mere Touch on Perceived Ownership. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(3): 434-447
  • Peck, J. ve Wiggins, J. (2006). It Just Feels Good: Customers’ Affective Response to Touch and Its Influence on Persuasion. Journal of Marketing, 70(4): 56–69.
  • Peck, J. ve Shu, S. B. (2009). The Effect of Mere Touch on Perceived Ownership. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(3): 434–447.
  • Peck, J. ve Wiggins, J. (2011). Autotelic Need for Touch, Haptics, and Persuasion: The Role of Involvement. Psychology and Marketing, 28(3): 222–239
  • Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T. ve Dirks, K. (2003). The State of Psychological Owner- ship: Integrating and Extending a Century of Research. Review of General Psychology, 7(1): 84-107.
  • Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T. ve Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a Theory of Psychologi- cal Ownership in Organizations. Academy of Management Review, 26(2): 298–310.
  • PWC. (2015). Toplam Perakende Tüketici Araştırması. www.pwc.com.tr/totalre- tail #toplamperakende2015
  • Reb, J. ve Connolly, T. (2007). Possession, Feelings of Ownership and the Endow- ment Effect. Judgment and Decision Making, 2(2): 107−114.
  • Sheldon, R. ve Arens, E. (1932). Consumer Engineering: A New Technique for Prosperity. Harper.
  • Sherry, John F., Jr. (1990). A Sociocultural Analysis of a Mid-Western Flea Mar- ket. Journal of Consumer Research, 17(1): 13–30.
  • Sherry, John F., Jr., McGrath, M. A. ve Levy, S. J. (1993). The Dark Side of the Gift. Journal of Business Research, 28(3): 225–244.
  • Shu, S. (2007). To Hold Me Is to Love Me: The Role of Touch in the Endowment Effect. Advances in Consumer Research, 34: 513–515.
  • Shu, S. B. ve Peck, J. (2011). Psychological Ownership and Affective Reaction: Emotional Attachment Process Variables and the Endowment Effect. Jour- nal of Consumer Psychology, 21(4): 439–452.
  • Shu, S. ve Peck, J. (2007). To Hold Me Is to Love Me: The Role of Touch in the Endowment Effect. Advances in Consumer Research, 34: 513–515.
  • Spears, N. ve Singh, S. N. (2004). Measuring Attitude Toward the Brand and Pur- chase Intentions. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 26(2): 53–66.
  • Spreen, O. ve Strauss, E. E. (1991). Tactile, Tactile and Visual, and Tactile-Motor Tests. A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary, New York: Oxford University Press, 334–385.
  • Thaler, R., (1980). Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1): 39-60.
  • Vieira, V.A. (2012). An Evaluation of the Need for Touch Scale and its Relati- onship with Need for Cognition, Need for Input, and Consumer Response. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 24(1-2): 57-78.
  • Walker, L. Jean-Harrison, (2001). The Measurement of Word-Of-Mouth Commu- nication and an Investigation of Service Quality and Customer Commit- ment as Potential Antecedents. Journal of Service Research, 4(1): 60.
  • Westbrook, R. A. (1987). Product/Consumption-Based Affective Responses and Post-purchase Process. Journal of Marketing Research, 24(3): 258-270.
  • Wien, A. H. ve Olsen, S. O. (2014). Understanding the Relationship Between Individualism and Word of Mouth: A Self-Enhancement Explanation. Psy- chology & Marketing, 31(6): 416–425.
  • Wolf, J. R., Arkes, H. R. vr Muhanna, W. A. (2008). The Power of Touch: An Exa- mination of the Effect of Duration of Physical Contact on the Valuation of Objects. Judgment and Decision Making, 3(6): 476–482
  • Yazdanparast, A., ve Spears, N. (2012). Can Consumers Forgo the Need to Touch Products? An Investigation of Nonhaptic Situational Factors in an Online Context. Psychology & Marketing, 30(1): 46-61.
  • Yu, U.-J., Lee, H.-H., ve Damhorst, M. L. (2012). Exploring Multidimensions of Product Performance Risk in the Online Apparel Shopping Context: Visu- al, Tactile, and Trial Risks. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 30(4): 251–266.

THE EFFECTS OF NEED FOR TOUCH AND WRITTEN INFORMATION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 22, 205 - 232, 01.12.2018

Öz

The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between need for touch and written information and its effect on psychological ownership in the online shopping environment where physical interaction is not possible. Also, the effect of psychological ownership on willingness to pay, word of mouth and purchase intention were examined in an online shopping environment. 561 questionnaires were distributed, but the analyses were conducted on 476 validated surveys. As a result of the analyses, it is found that there is no interaction effect between need for touch low or high and written information on psychological ownership. Although, it is stated that the interaction between the subdimensions of need for touch autotelic and instrumental and written information has an influence on psychological ownership, the influence works in the opposite direction. As the psychological ownership increased in the online shopping environment, consumers’ willingness to pay increase. Psychological ownership also positively affects word-ofmouth and customers purchase intention

Kaynakça

  • Alexandrov, A., Lilly, B. ve Babakus, E. (2013). The Effects of Social-and Self-Motives on the Intentions to Share Positive and Negative Word of Mouth. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(5): 531–546
  • Arndt, J. (1967) Role of Product-Related Conversations in the Diffusion of a New Product. Journal of Marketing Research 4: 291–295.
  • Arnold, M.J. ve Reynolds, K.E. (2003). Hedonic Shopping Motivations. Journal of Retailing, 79(2): 77-95.
  • Asatryan, Vahagn S. ve Haemoon Oh. (2008). Psychological Ownership Theory: An Exploratory Application in the Restaurant Industry. Journal of Hospita- lity and Tourism Research, 32(3): 363–386.
  • Babin, J. B., Darden, W.R. ve Griffin, M. (1994). Work and/or Fun: Measuring Hedonic & Utilitarian Shopping Value. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(5): 644-656.
  • Belk, R. (1988). Possessions and the Extended Self. Journal of Customer Resear- ch, 15 (2): 139-168.
  • Bone, P.F. (1995). Word-of-Mouth Effects on Short-Term and Long-Term Product Judgments. Journal of Business Research, 32(3): 213-223.
  • Brasel, S.A. ve Gips, J. (2014). Tablets, Touchscreens, and Touchpads: How Var- ying Touch Interfaces Trigger Psychological Ownership and Endowment. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 24(2): 226–233.
  • Lessard-Bonaventure, S. ve Chebat, J. (2016). Psychological Ownership, Touch, And Willingness to Pay for An Extended Warranty. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 224–234.
  • Childers, T.L., Carr, C.L., Peck, J. ve Carson, S. (2001). Hedonic and Utilitarian Motivations for Online Retail Shopping Behavior. Journal of Retailing, 77: 511-535.
  • Citrin, A., Stem, D., Spangenberg E. R. ve Clark, M. J. (2003). Consumer Need for Tactile Input: An Internet Retailing Challenge. Journal of Business Re- search, 56(11): 915–922.
  • Craig, J. C. ve Rollman, G.B., (1999). Somesthesis. Annual Review of Psycho- logy. 50 (1): 305 – 331
  • Derbaix, C. ve Vanhamme, J. (2003). Inducing Word-of-Mouth by Eliciting Surpri- se - A Pilot Investigation. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24 (1): 99-116.
  • Dichter, E. (1966). How Word-of-Mouth Advertising Works. Harvard Business Review, 44: 147-157.
  • Franciosi, R., Kujal, P., Michelitsch, R., Smith, V. ve Deng, G. (1996). Experi- mental Tests of the Endowment Effect. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 30 (2): 213–226.
  • Fuchs, C., Prandelli, E. ve Schreier, M. (2010). The Psychological Effects of Em- powerment Strategies on Consumers’ Product Demand. Journal of Marke- ting, 74(1): 65–79.
  • Fullerton, G. (2003). When Does Commitment Lead to Loyalty? Journal of Ser- vice Research, 5(4): 333-344.
  • Global B2C Ecommerce Report 2016. https://www.ecommercewiki.org/wikis/www. ecommercewiki.org/images/5/56/Global_B2C_Ecommerce_Report_2016.pdf
  • Grewal, D., Monroe, K. ve Krishnan, R. (1998). The Effects of Price-Comparison Advertising on Buyers’ Perceptions of Acquisition Value, Transaction Va- lue, and Behavioral Intentions. Journal of Marketing, 62(2): 46-59.
  • Grohmann, B., Spangenberg, E.R. ve Sprott, D.E. (2007). The Influence of Tactile Input on the Evaluation of Retail Product Offerings. Journal of Retailing, 83(2): 237-45.
  • Holbrook, M. B. ve Hirschman, E. C., (1982). The Experiential Aspects of Con- sumption: Consumer Fantasies, Feelings, and Fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2): 132–140
  • Johansson, Roland S. (1978). Tactile Sensibility in the Human Hand: Receptive Field Characteristics of Mechanoreceptive Units in the Glabrous Skin Area, Journal of Physiology, 281(2): 101–123.
  • Jussila, I., Tarkiainen, A., Sarstedt, M. ve Hair, J. F. (2015). Individual Psycho- logical Ownership: Concepts, Evidence, and Implications for Research in Marketing. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 121–139.
  • Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L. ve Thaler, R. (1990). Experimental Tests of the Endowment Effect and the Coarse Theorem. Journal of Political Economy, 98(6): 728–741.
  • Kahneman, D. ve Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2): 263–291.
  • Kirk, C., Swain, S. ve Gaskin, J. (2015). I’m Proud of It: Consumer Technology Appropriation and Psychological Ownership. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 23(2): 166-184.
  • Klatzky, R. L., Lederman, S. J. ve Matula, D. E. (1993). Haptic Exploration in the Presence of Vision. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Percepti- on and Performance, 19(4): 726-743.
  • Klatzky, R.L. ve Lederman, S.J. (1993). Toward a Computational Model of Cons- traint-Driven Exploration and Haptic Object Identification. Perception, 22 (5): 597-621.
  • Knetsch, J. L. ve Sinden, J. A. (1984). Willingness to Pay and Compensation De- manded: Experimental Evidence of an Unexpected Disparity in Measures of Value. Qurterly Journal of Economics, 99(8): 507-521.
  • Krishna, A. (2012). An Integrative Review of Sensory Marketing: Engaging the Senses to Affect Perception, Judgment and Behavior, Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(3):332-351.
  • Leary, Mark R., (2007). Motivational and Emotional Aspects of the Self. Annual Review of Psychology, (58): 317–344.
  • Lederman, S. J. ve Klatzky, R. L. (1990). Haptic Classification of Common Objects: Knowledge-Driven Exploration. Cognitive Psychology, 22 (4): 421–459.
  • McCabe, D. B. ve Nowlis, S. M. (2003). The Effect of Examining Actual Produ- cts or Product Descriptions on Consumer Preference. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13 (4): 431–439.
  • McClelland, D. C., Koestner, R. ve Weinberger, J. (1989). How do Self-Attributed and Implicit Motives Differ? Psychological review, 96(4): 690–702.
  • Noble, S., Griffith, D.A. ve Weinberger, M.G. (2005). Consumer derived utilita- rian value and Channel Utilization in a Multichannel Context. Journal of Business Research, 58: 1643
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T.L. (2003a). Individual Differences in Haptic Information Processing: The “Need for Touch” Scale, Journal of Consumer Research, 30(3): 430-442
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T. L. (2003b). To have and to hold: The influence of haptic information on Product Judgments. Journal of Marketing, 67(2): 35–48
  • Peck, J. ve Childers, T.L. (2006). If I Touch It I Have to Have It: Individual and Environmental Influences on Impulse Purchasing. Journal of Business Re- search, 59 (6): 765–69.
  • Peck, J. ve Shu, S. B. (2009). The Effect of Mere Touch on Perceived Ownership. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(3): 434-447
  • Peck, J. ve Wiggins, J. (2006). It Just Feels Good: Customers’ Affective Response to Touch and Its Influence on Persuasion. Journal of Marketing, 70(4): 56–69.
  • Peck, J. ve Shu, S. B. (2009). The Effect of Mere Touch on Perceived Ownership. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(3): 434–447.
  • Peck, J. ve Wiggins, J. (2011). Autotelic Need for Touch, Haptics, and Persuasion: The Role of Involvement. Psychology and Marketing, 28(3): 222–239
  • Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T. ve Dirks, K. (2003). The State of Psychological Owner- ship: Integrating and Extending a Century of Research. Review of General Psychology, 7(1): 84-107.
  • Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T. ve Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a Theory of Psychologi- cal Ownership in Organizations. Academy of Management Review, 26(2): 298–310.
  • PWC. (2015). Toplam Perakende Tüketici Araştırması. www.pwc.com.tr/totalre- tail #toplamperakende2015
  • Reb, J. ve Connolly, T. (2007). Possession, Feelings of Ownership and the Endow- ment Effect. Judgment and Decision Making, 2(2): 107−114.
  • Sheldon, R. ve Arens, E. (1932). Consumer Engineering: A New Technique for Prosperity. Harper.
  • Sherry, John F., Jr. (1990). A Sociocultural Analysis of a Mid-Western Flea Mar- ket. Journal of Consumer Research, 17(1): 13–30.
  • Sherry, John F., Jr., McGrath, M. A. ve Levy, S. J. (1993). The Dark Side of the Gift. Journal of Business Research, 28(3): 225–244.
  • Shu, S. (2007). To Hold Me Is to Love Me: The Role of Touch in the Endowment Effect. Advances in Consumer Research, 34: 513–515.
  • Shu, S. B. ve Peck, J. (2011). Psychological Ownership and Affective Reaction: Emotional Attachment Process Variables and the Endowment Effect. Jour- nal of Consumer Psychology, 21(4): 439–452.
  • Shu, S. ve Peck, J. (2007). To Hold Me Is to Love Me: The Role of Touch in the Endowment Effect. Advances in Consumer Research, 34: 513–515.
  • Spears, N. ve Singh, S. N. (2004). Measuring Attitude Toward the Brand and Pur- chase Intentions. Journal of Current Issues and Research in Advertising, 26(2): 53–66.
  • Spreen, O. ve Strauss, E. E. (1991). Tactile, Tactile and Visual, and Tactile-Motor Tests. A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary, New York: Oxford University Press, 334–385.
  • Thaler, R., (1980). Toward a Positive Theory of Consumer Choice. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1): 39-60.
  • Vieira, V.A. (2012). An Evaluation of the Need for Touch Scale and its Relati- onship with Need for Cognition, Need for Input, and Consumer Response. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 24(1-2): 57-78.
  • Walker, L. Jean-Harrison, (2001). The Measurement of Word-Of-Mouth Commu- nication and an Investigation of Service Quality and Customer Commit- ment as Potential Antecedents. Journal of Service Research, 4(1): 60.
  • Westbrook, R. A. (1987). Product/Consumption-Based Affective Responses and Post-purchase Process. Journal of Marketing Research, 24(3): 258-270.
  • Wien, A. H. ve Olsen, S. O. (2014). Understanding the Relationship Between Individualism and Word of Mouth: A Self-Enhancement Explanation. Psy- chology & Marketing, 31(6): 416–425.
  • Wolf, J. R., Arkes, H. R. vr Muhanna, W. A. (2008). The Power of Touch: An Exa- mination of the Effect of Duration of Physical Contact on the Valuation of Objects. Judgment and Decision Making, 3(6): 476–482
  • Yazdanparast, A., ve Spears, N. (2012). Can Consumers Forgo the Need to Touch Products? An Investigation of Nonhaptic Situational Factors in an Online Context. Psychology & Marketing, 30(1): 46-61.
  • Yu, U.-J., Lee, H.-H., ve Damhorst, M. L. (2012). Exploring Multidimensions of Product Performance Risk in the Online Apparel Shopping Context: Visu- al, Tactile, and Trial Risks. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 30(4): 251–266.
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Batuhan Doğu Alkaya Bu kişi benim

Tülay Korkmaz Devrani Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 22

Kaynak Göster

APA Alkaya, B. D., & Devrani, T. K. (2018). DOKUNMA İHTİYACI VE YAZILI BİLGİNİN PSİKOLOJİK SAHİPLİK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ. Pazarlama Ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(22), 205-232.