Araştırma Makalesi

Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age

Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6 25 Eylül 2025
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Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age

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ABSTRACT This article focuses on the Chalcolithic finds uncovered at the Elmacıktepe Mound, examined during the archaeological surface surveys conducted in the Bafra Plain between 2017 and 2019. With its diameter and elevation, Elmacıktepe is one of the largest mounds in the Black Sea Region. The surface survey employed a restricted area method, which revealed that Chalcolithic ceramics and small finds were concentrated on the western slope of the mound. The ceramic assemblage is dominated by local characteristics, primarily consisting of dark-faced burnished and unburnished wares. These are followed by vessels with light/dark brown and red surface colors. Vessel forms range from bowls and dishes to jars, some featuring lug handles, short necks, or no necks at all. Decorations executed in white paint on dark backgrounds, as well as incised and excised relief motifs, represent the most conspicuous indicators of interaction with Central and Western Anatolia during the Chalcolithic period. This also suggests that the settlement may have participated in cultural exchanges or shared production traditions. Small finds include stone weights, stone adzes, a marble bracelet fragment and blade, grinding stones, a chipped stone assemblage, and terra-cotta biconical sling bullets, all recovered from the western slope. However, the site’s location and the presence of stone tools suggest that a period of conflict may have occurred in the region. Together, these findings reflecting diversity in production, subsistence strategies, and cultural interaction demonstrate that Elmacıktepe was a significant settlement in the Middle and Late Chalcolithic periods. Given its potential for Black Sea and Chalcolithic studies, including Elmacıktepe among the targets of systematic excavation would be of strategic importance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Akgül 2012, Akgül, H. Ç., “Looking to the West: The Late Chalcolithic Red-Black Ware of the Upper Euphrates Region”, Origini, XXXIV, 97-109.
  2. Akgül 2020, Akgül, H. Ç., “Late Chalcolithic Anatolian fruit-stands: Significance, function and cultural Interactions”,Pathways through Arslantepe Essays in Honour of Marcella Frangipane, (eds. F. B. Restelli - A. Cardarelli -G. M. Di Nocera - L. Manzanilla - L. Mori - G. Palumbi - H. Pittman), Nature Publishing Group, Rome, 85-97.
  3. Alkım 1974, Alkım, U. B., “Tilmen Höyük Kazısı ve Samsun Bölgesi Araştırmaları 1972”, TürkArkDerg, XXI(2), 23-30.
  4. Alkım et al. 1988, Alkım, U. B. - Alkım, H. - Bilgi, Ö., İkiztepe I. Birinci ve İkinci Dönem Kazıları / The First and Second Seasons’ Excavations (1974-1975), Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, Ankara.
  5. Bamyacı 2018, Bamyacı, A. O., “Kalkolitik Gülpınar Taş Ağırlıklarının İşlevine Yönelik Öneriler”, TÜBA-AR, 23, 11-27. https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar.2018.23.001
  6. Baysal et al. 2015, Baysal, E. - Baysal, A. - Türkcan, A. U. - Nazaroff, A., “Early specialized production? A chalcolithic stone bracelet workshop at Kanlıtaş, Turkey”, OJA, 34(3), 235-257. https://doi.org/10.1111/ojoa.12057
  7. Caymaz 2013, Caymaz, T., “Yeni Veriler Işığında Orta Batı Anadolu Kalkolitik Çağı Kültürü”, Arkeoloji Dergisi, XVIII, 39-112.
  8. Chataigner et al. 1988, Chataigner, C. - Poidevin, J.L. - Arnaud, N.O.,“Turkish Occurrences of Obsidian and Use by Prehistoric Near East from 14,000 to 6000 BP”, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 85, 517-537.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

25 Eylül 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

28 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

4 Eylül 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA
Özbilgin, C. G., Türker, A., & Çizikci, S. Y. (2025). Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age. PROPONTICA, 3(6), 273-287. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1708008
AMA
1.Özbilgin CG, Türker A, Çizikci SY. Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age. PROPONTICA. 2025;3(6):273-287. doi:10.56170/propontica.1708008
Chicago
Özbilgin, Cahide Gizem, Atila Türker, ve Semih Yaşar Çizikci. 2025. “Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age”. PROPONTICA 3 (6): 273-87. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1708008.
EndNote
Özbilgin CG, Türker A, Çizikci SY (01 Eylül 2025) Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age. PROPONTICA 3 6 273–287.
IEEE
[1]C. G. Özbilgin, A. Türker, ve S. Y. Çizikci, “Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age”, PROPONTICA, c. 3, sy 6, ss. 273–287, Eyl. 2025, doi: 10.56170/propontica.1708008.
ISNAD
Özbilgin, Cahide Gizem - Türker, Atila - Çizikci, Semih Yaşar. “Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age”. PROPONTICA 3/6 (01 Eylül 2025): 273-287. https://doi.org/10.56170/propontica.1708008.
JAMA
1.Özbilgin CG, Türker A, Çizikci SY. Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age. PROPONTICA. 2025;3:273–287.
MLA
Özbilgin, Cahide Gizem, vd. “Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age”. PROPONTICA, c. 3, sy 6, Eylül 2025, ss. 273-87, doi:10.56170/propontica.1708008.
Vancouver
1.Cahide Gizem Özbilgin, Atila Türker, Semih Yaşar Çizikci. Outline of Elmacıktepe Mound (Bafra Plain, Samsun) in the Chalcolithic Age. PROPONTICA. 01 Eylül 2025;3(6):273-87. doi:10.56170/propontica.1708008


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