Türkiye’deki 2000 – 2021 Yılları Arasındaki Bitki Örtüsü Yangınlarının Mekânsal Analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 33 - 46, 28.03.2023

Özer Akyürek

https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1179051

Cited By: 1

Öz

Doğal veya insani sebeplerden meydana gelen yangınlar, yeryüzünde yaşayan tüm canlıları etkileyen en önemli doğal afetlerden bir tanesidir. Yeryüzünde her yıl ortalama olarak 3-5 milyon km2lik ormanlık alan yanmaktadır. Meydana gelen yangınlar, canlıları etkileyen küresel ısınma, atmosferde bulunan hava kirletici parametrelerin yoğunluğunda artış vb. çeşitli faktörler meydana getirmektedirler. Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri gelişen günümüz teknolojisinde meydana gelen doğal afetlerin izlenmesinde ve yönetiminde sıklıkla başvurulan araçlardandır. Konumsal verileri yönetmedeki başarısı, konumsal analiz yapabilme yeteneği, sonuçları sunabilme ve görselleştirme kapasitesi nedeniyle sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada 2000 – 2021 yılları arasında Türkiye’de ormanlık ve otlak alanlarda meydana gelen bitki örtüsü yangınları mekânsal istatistik yöntemlerle incelenerek analizi yapılmış ve haritalandırılması sağlanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda 21 yıllık süreç içerisinde ormanlık alan yangınlarından en çok etkilenen bölgelerin Ege, Akdeniz ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgeleri, otlak alan yangınlarından ise İç ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ormanlık alan yangınlarından en çok etkilenen ilin Antalya, otlak alan yangınlarından en çok etkilenen ilin ise Şanlıurfa olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bitki örtüsü yangını, Mekânsal istatistik, FIRMS, Moran’s I, Getis Ord Gi*, Anselin yerel moran’s I

Spatial Analysis of Wildfires in Türkiye between 2000 – 2021

Öz

Fires caused by natural or human causes are one of the most important natural disasters that affect all living things on earth. Fires cause an average of 3-5 million km2 of area to burn annually. Fires that occur, global warming affecting living things, increase in the density of air pollutant parameters in the atmosphere, etc. is caused by various factors. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems are frequently used in the monitoring and management of natural disasters that occur in today's developing technology. It is preferred because of its success in managing spatial data, ability to perform spatial analysis, and capacity to present and visualize results. In this study, vegetation fires that occurred in forest and grassland areas in Türkiye between 2000 and 2021 were analyzed and mapped by using spatial statistical methods. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that the regions most affected by forest fires in the 21-year period are the Aegean, Mediterranean and Southeastern Anatolia regions and Central and Southeastern Anatolia regions by grassland fires. It has been determined that the province most affected by forest fires is Antalya, and the province most affected by grassland fires is Şanlıurfa.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wildfires, Spatial statistics, FIRMS, Moran’s I, Getis Ord Gi*, Anselin local moran’s I

Kaynakça

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