Öz
The purpose of this paper will be to question the
concept of representation through a recent phenomenon, which came to be in
fiction and fantasy genre as author’s preferred text. Historically,
representation has long been discussed in and around academic circles and those
discussions found their way into translation studies as well. In this paper, I
aim to track down three phases in which representation is a line of discussion
and comment upon the effects of these discussions in general and on translation
studies. The object of study will be Neil Gaiman’s novels; Neverwhere, and American Gods.
The different editions of these novels will be discussed within the context of
representation in general, but more specifically within rewriting, the
socio-cultural and economic position of the author, power relations between the
author and the rewriters, and self-translation. Traditionally, the original
texts precede the rewritten ones. However, in Gaiman’s case, the so-called
original versions of his Neverwhere and
American Gods were published almost
ten years after their first appearance. Moreover, the originals came under a
new label: Author’s Preferred Text. I aim to trace how this strange transition
happened in the source context and discuss the possible reasons why it happened
by applying three different approaches to the case at hand. Finally, I will
conclude by presenting my own perspective on the subject.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arrojo, R. (1997). Asymmetrical Relations of Power and the Ethics of Translation. TextContext, 5-24. Barthes, R. (1977). Image Music Text. (S. Heath, Trans.) London: Fontana Press. Berk Albachten, Ö. (2012). Diliçi Çeviriler: Mai ile Siyah. Dilbilim, 139-149. Retrieved from http://dergipark.org.tr/iudilbilim/issue/1083/12247 Birkan Baydan, E. (2011). Editing as Rewriting. İstanbul Üniversitesi Çeviribilim Dergisi, 2(3), 53-78. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/13474 Çakıroğlu, K. İ. (2019). (Non-)/Conformity in News Translation. In S. Taş, Observations on Translation (p. 173-193). İstanbul: Hiperyayın. Canlı, G. (2018). Relocating Self-Translation from the Interlingual to Intralingual: Faulkner as a Self-Translauthor. transLogos Translation Studies Journal, 1(1), 41-63. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/606281 Daniell, D. (1994). William Tyndale: A Biography. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. De Saussure, F. (2011). Course in General Linguistics. (P. Meisel, H. Saussy, Eds., & W. Baskin, Trans.) New York: Columbia University Press. Derrida, J. (1982). Sending: On Representation. Social Research, 49(2), 249-326. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40970865 Derrida, J. (1997). Of Grammatology. (G. C. Spivak, Trans.) Baltimore and London: The John Hopkins University Press. Dizdar, D. (2011). Deconstruction. In Y. Gambier, & L. van Doorslaer, Handbook of Translation Studies Volume 2 (p. 31-36). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. Even-Zohar, I. (1990). Polysystem Theory. Poetics Today, 11(1), 9-26. Even-Zohar, I. (1990). The Position of Translated Literature within the Literary Polysystem. Poetics Today, 11(1), 45-51. Gaiman, N. (2001). American Gods. London: Headline. Gaiman, N. (2011). American Gods. New York: William Morrow. Hermans, T. (1985). The Manipulation of Literature. London and Sydney: Cromm Helm. Holmes, J. S. (1988). Translated! Papers on Literary Translation and Translation Studies. (R. van den Broeck, Ed.) Amsterdam: Rodopi. Kant, I. (1998). Critique of Pure Reason. (P. Guyer, & A. A. Wood, Trans.) New York: Cambridge University Press. Koskinen, K. (2000). Beyond Ambivalence: Postmodernity and the Ethics of Translation. Tampere: Tampere University Press. Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London and New York: Routledge. Lefevere, A. (2014). Why Waste our Time on Rewrites? The Trouble with Interpretation and the Role of Rewriting in an Alternative Paradigm. In T. Hermans, The Manipulation of Literature (p. 215-245). New York: Routledge. Pratchett, T., & Gaiman, N. (1990). Good Omens: The Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch. New York: Workman Publishing. Robinson, D. (2014). Western Translation Theory from Herodotus to Nietzche. London and New York: Routledge. Taş, S. (2018). Retranslation and Translation Criticism in the Context of August Bebel’s Woman and Socialism: A Study of Meta-criticism. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 292-306. doi:https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.454286 Toury, G. (1980). In Search of a Theory of Translation. Tel Aviv: Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics. Toury, G. (1995). Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. Tymozcko, M. (1999). Post-colonial Writing and Literary Translation. In S. Bassnett, & H. Trivedi, Post-colonial Translation (p. 19-41). London and New York: Routledge. Tymozcko, M., & Gentzler, E. (2002). Introduction. In M. Tymozcko, & E. Gentzler, Translation and Power (pp. xi-1). Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts Press. Venuti, L. (1998). Scandals of Translation: Towards and Ethics of Difference. London and New York: Routledge. Yılmaz Kutlay, S. (2019). Positioning "Subject" and "Subjectivity" in Translation Studies. In S. Taş, Observations on Translation (pp. 119-151). İstanbul: Hiperyayın.
Öz
Bu makalenin amacı temsiliyet kavramını yakın
zamanda kurgu ve fantazi türünde ortaya çıkan yazarın tercih ettiği metin
olgusu üzerinden sorgulamaktır. Tarihsel olarak bakıldığında temsiliyet kavramı
uzun yıllardır akademik çevrelerce tartışılmakta ve bu tartışmalar çeviribilim
alanını da etkilemekte. Bu makalede temsiliyet üzerine yapılan tartışmalar üç
farklı dönemde incelenecek ve bu tartışmaların çeviribilim üzerindeki etkileri
tartışılacaktır. Makalenin araştırma nesnesi Neil Gaiman’ın Yokyer (Neverwhere)
ve Amerikan Tanrıları (American Gods) romanlarıdır. Romanların
farklı baskıları genel olarak temsiliyet, ancak özelde yeniden yazım, yazarın
sosyo-kültürel ekonomik konumu, yazar ve yeniden yazarlar arasındaki güç
ilişkileri ve özçeviri bağlamlarında incelenecektir. Geleneksel olarak, yeniden
yazımlar orijinal eserden sonra ortaya çıkarlar. Ancak, Gaiman’ın Yokyer
(Neverwhere) ve Amerikan Tanrıları (American Gods)
romanlarında bu durumun tam tersi yaşanmıştır. Orijinal olduğu söylenen
romanlar ilk baskıdan yaklaşık on yıl sonra ve yeni bir etiket altında –
Yazarın Tercih Ettiği Metin - yayımlanmıştır. Makalede, yaşanan bu ilginç
geçişin izleri takip edilecek ve tartışılan üç yaklaşım yoluyla bu durum
üzerine çıkarımlar yapılacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Temsiliyet yeniden yazım editörlük yazarın tercih ettiği metin
Kaynakça
- Arrojo, R. (1997). Asymmetrical Relations of Power and the Ethics of Translation. TextContext, 5-24. Barthes, R. (1977). Image Music Text. (S. Heath, Trans.) London: Fontana Press. Berk Albachten, Ö. (2012). Diliçi Çeviriler: Mai ile Siyah. Dilbilim, 139-149. Retrieved from http://dergipark.org.tr/iudilbilim/issue/1083/12247 Birkan Baydan, E. (2011). Editing as Rewriting. İstanbul Üniversitesi Çeviribilim Dergisi, 2(3), 53-78. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/13474 Çakıroğlu, K. İ. (2019). (Non-)/Conformity in News Translation. In S. Taş, Observations on Translation (p. 173-193). İstanbul: Hiperyayın. Canlı, G. (2018). Relocating Self-Translation from the Interlingual to Intralingual: Faulkner as a Self-Translauthor. transLogos Translation Studies Journal, 1(1), 41-63. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/download/article-file/606281 Daniell, D. (1994). William Tyndale: A Biography. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. De Saussure, F. (2011). Course in General Linguistics. (P. Meisel, H. Saussy, Eds., & W. Baskin, Trans.) New York: Columbia University Press. Derrida, J. (1982). Sending: On Representation. Social Research, 49(2), 249-326. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40970865 Derrida, J. (1997). Of Grammatology. (G. C. Spivak, Trans.) Baltimore and London: The John Hopkins University Press. Dizdar, D. (2011). Deconstruction. In Y. Gambier, & L. van Doorslaer, Handbook of Translation Studies Volume 2 (p. 31-36). Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. Even-Zohar, I. (1990). Polysystem Theory. Poetics Today, 11(1), 9-26. Even-Zohar, I. (1990). The Position of Translated Literature within the Literary Polysystem. Poetics Today, 11(1), 45-51. Gaiman, N. (2001). American Gods. London: Headline. Gaiman, N. (2011). American Gods. New York: William Morrow. Hermans, T. (1985). The Manipulation of Literature. London and Sydney: Cromm Helm. Holmes, J. S. (1988). Translated! Papers on Literary Translation and Translation Studies. (R. van den Broeck, Ed.) Amsterdam: Rodopi. Kant, I. (1998). Critique of Pure Reason. (P. Guyer, & A. A. Wood, Trans.) New York: Cambridge University Press. Koskinen, K. (2000). Beyond Ambivalence: Postmodernity and the Ethics of Translation. Tampere: Tampere University Press. Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London and New York: Routledge. Lefevere, A. (2014). Why Waste our Time on Rewrites? The Trouble with Interpretation and the Role of Rewriting in an Alternative Paradigm. In T. Hermans, The Manipulation of Literature (p. 215-245). New York: Routledge. Pratchett, T., & Gaiman, N. (1990). Good Omens: The Nice and Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch. New York: Workman Publishing. Robinson, D. (2014). Western Translation Theory from Herodotus to Nietzche. London and New York: Routledge. Taş, S. (2018). Retranslation and Translation Criticism in the Context of August Bebel’s Woman and Socialism: A Study of Meta-criticism. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 292-306. doi:https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.454286 Toury, G. (1980). In Search of a Theory of Translation. Tel Aviv: Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics. Toury, G. (1995). Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. Tymozcko, M. (1999). Post-colonial Writing and Literary Translation. In S. Bassnett, & H. Trivedi, Post-colonial Translation (p. 19-41). London and New York: Routledge. Tymozcko, M., & Gentzler, E. (2002). Introduction. In M. Tymozcko, & E. Gentzler, Translation and Power (pp. xi-1). Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts Press. Venuti, L. (1998). Scandals of Translation: Towards and Ethics of Difference. London and New York: Routledge. Yılmaz Kutlay, S. (2019). Positioning "Subject" and "Subjectivity" in Translation Studies. In S. Taş, Observations on Translation (pp. 119-151). İstanbul: Hiperyayın.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Dilbilim |
| Bölüm | Türk dili, kültürü ve edebiyatı |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 21 Ağustos 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 - RumeliDE 2019.Ö5 - II. Rumeli [Dil, Edebiyat, Çeviri] Sempozyumu Bildirileri |
