Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara kullanımına yönelik motivasyonları: Nitel bir çalışma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 483 - 492, 31.12.2024

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara kullanımına yönelik motivasyonlarının niteliksel olarak değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Yöntem: Fenomenolojik türdeki bu araştırma, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde bir devlet üniversitesinin sağlık bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenimini sürdürmekte olan ve son bir ay içinde düzenli olarak sigara kullanan 19 üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, açık uçlu yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılarak dört sorudan oluşan bir görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Görüşme tekniği ile toplanan verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun ilk sigara deneyimini ergenlik döneminde ve kendi yaşıt arkadaş grubu ile yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların sigara kullanmaya başlamada en önemli nedenin sosyal bağlantılar nedeniyle gerçekleştiği bildirmiştir. Öğrencileri sigara kullanımına motive eden faktörlere ilişkin aile, akran ve bireysel, okul ve toplumsal olmak üzere dört farklı tema saptanmıştır. Sigara kullanan akran, merak ve stres öğrencilerin sigaraya kullanımına devam etmesinde motive edici faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciler sigara kullanımının önünde geçmek için okul rehberlik servisleri ile ilgili etkinlikler ve toplumsal farkındalığa ilişkin faaliyetlere yönelik öneriler sunmuştur.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin sigarayı deneyimleme ve sürdürmede motive eden önemli faktörlerin akran, merak ve stres olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına dayanarak, öğrencilerin bireysel özelliklerini dikkate alarak planlanmış aileyi, okulu ve toplumu içeren çok katmanlı önleme programlarının sigarayla mücadelede etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Amin, S. A.-E.-Z., Shaheen, H. M., & Omran, H. M. E. Y. (2016). Smoking among university students in Kafr El-Sheikh University. Menoufia Medical Journal, 29.
  • Can, V., Küçükoğlu, S., Özdemir, A. A., & Bulduk, M. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin madde kullanım durumları ile yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi, 10(Supp: 2), 63–71.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, Temmuz 19). Global tobacco surveillance system data. Retrieved from https://nccd.cdc.gov/GTSSDataSurveyResources/Ancillary/ DataReports.aspx?CAID=1 Chezhian, C., Murthy, S., & Prasad, S. et al. (2015). Exploring factors that influence smoking initiation and cessation among current smokers. J Clin Diagn Res, 9(5), LC08.
  • Cypress, B. S. (2017). Rigor or reliability and validity in qualitative research: Perspectives, strategies, reconceptualization, and recommendations. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 36(4), 253–263.
  • Çifçi, S., Değer, V., Saka, G., & Ceylan, A. (2018). Sağlık yüksekokulu hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinde sigara içme sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörler. Van Tıp Dergisi, 25(2), 89–99. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü. (2023, Temmuz 19). Tobacco 2022. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/ detail/tobacco
  • Elbek, O., Kılınç, O., Salepçi, B., et al. (2021). Tobacco control in Turkey in the light of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Turk Thorac J, 22(1), 90–92.
  • Ertüzün, E., & Yerlisu Lapa, T. (2020). Relationship between adolescents’ leisure boredom and substance use in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22(3), 374–383.
  • Ficarra, M. G., Gualano, M. R., Capizzi, S., et al. (2011). Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes among Italian hospital healthcare professionals. European Journal of Public Health, 21, 29–34.
  • Forero, R., Nahidi, S., De Costa, J., et al. (2018). Application of four-dimension criteria to assess rigour of qualitative research in emergency medicine. BMC Health Services Research, 18, 120.
  • Fırat, M., Kanbay, Y., & Ayran, G. (2019). Sigara, alkol ve madde kullanımı tarama testinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6(4), 244–256.
  • Grossnickle, E. M. (2016). Disentangling curiosity: Dimensionality, definitions, and distinctions from interest in educational contexts. Educational Psychology Review, 28(1), 23–60.
  • Jorayeva, A., Ridner, S. L., Hall, L., Staten, R., & Walker, K. L. (2017). A novel text message-based motivational interviewing intervention for college students who smoke cigarettes. Tob Prev Cessat, 3, 129–138.
  • Joseph-Shehu, E. M., Ncama, B. P., Mooi, N., & Mashamba- Thompson, T. P. (2019). The use of information and communication technologies to promote healthy lifestyle behaviour: A systematic scoping review. BMJ Open, 9(10), e029872.
  • Kingston, S., Rose, M., Cohen-Serrins, J., & Knight, E. A. (2017). Qualitative study of the context of child and adolescent substance use initiation and patterns of use in the first year for early and later initiators. PLoS One, 12(1), e0170794.
  • La Torre, G., Kirch, W., Bes-Rastrollo, M., et al. (2012). GHPSS Collaborative Group. Tobacco use among medical students in Europe: Results of a multicentre study using the Global Health Professions Student Survey. Public Health, 126, 159–164.
  • Martínez-Vispo, C., Senra, C., López-Durán, A., Fernández del Río, E., & Becoña, E. (2019). Boredom susceptibility as predictor of smoking cessation outcomes: Sex differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 146, 130–135.
  • Nilsson, M., & Emmelin, M. (2010). “Immortal but frightened”– smoking adolescents’ perceptions on smoking uptake and prevention. BMC Public Health, 10, 776.
  • Niu, L., Liu, Y., Luo, D., & Xiao, S. (2018). Current smoking behavior among medical students in Mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 30(7), 610–623.
  • Ortega, F. Z., Cuberos, R. C., Sánchez, M. C., Martínez, A. M., Garcés, T. E., Knox, E., et al. (2018). Problematic consumption of substances and video game use in Spanish university students depending on sex and place of residence. Salud Drogas, 18(1), 89–96.
  • Pardavila, M. I., Ruiz, M., & Canga, N. (2019). Predictors of smoking cessation among college students in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Preventive Science, 20(5), 765–775.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Pourtau, L., Martin, E., Menvielle, G., El Khoury-Lesueur, F., & Melchior, M. (2019). To smoke or not to smoke? A qualitative study among young adults. Preventive Medicine Reports, 15, 100927.
  • Saha, S. P., Bhalla, D. K., Whayne, T. F., et al. (2007). Cigarette smoke and adverse health effects: An overview of research trends and future needs. International Journal of Angiology, 16, 77–83.
  • Smith, D., & Leggat, P. (2007). An international review of tobacco smoking among medical students. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 53, 55.
  • Sreeramareddy, C. T., Ramakrishnareddy, N., Rahman, M., et al. (2018). Prevalence of tobacco use and perceptions of student health professionals about cessation training: Results from Global Health Professions Students Survey. BMJ Open, 8, e017477.
  • Topçu, B., Ünsal, C., Gazeloğlu, C., & Aktaş, S. (2014). Kapalı mekanlarda sigara içme yasağı ve üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara içme alışkanlıkları üzerine etkisi. International Journal of Basic and Clinical Medicine, 2(1), 24–31.
  • Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. (2023, Temmuz 19). Küresel yetişkin tütün araştırması Türkiye 2012. Retrieved from https://havanikoru.saglik.gov.tr/depo/Dokumanlar/Yayinlar/ Kuresel_Yetiskin_Tutun_Arastirmasi_Turkiye_Raporu_2012. pdf
  • Wamamili, B., Wallace-Bell, M., Richardson, A., Grace, R. C., & Coope, P. (2019). Cigarette smoking among university students aged 18–24 years in New Zealand: Results of the first (baseline) of two national surveys. BMJ Open, 9(12), e032590.
  • World Health Organization. (2013). Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI): WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/tobacco/global_report/2013/en/
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.

Motivations of university students towards smoking: A qualitative study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 483 - 492, 31.12.2024

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted to qualitatively evaluate the motivations of university students towards smoking.
Method: This phenomenological study was conducted with 19 university students who were studying at the faculty of health sciences of a state university in the Black Sea Region in the 2022-2023 academic year and who regularly smoked in the last month. The data of the study were collected with an interview form consisting of four questions using an open-ended semi-structured interview technique. Content analysis method was used to analyse the data collected by interview technique.
Result: In the study, it was determined that the majority of the students had their first smoking experience during adolescence and with their peer group. It was reported that the most important reason for the participants to start smoking was social connections. Four different themes were identified regarding the factors motivating students to smoke: family, peer and individual, school and social. Peer smoking, curiosity and stress were determined as motivating factors for students to continue smoking. Students offered suggestions for activities related to school counselling services and activities related to social awareness in order to prevent smoking.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, peers, curiosity and stress were found to be important motivating factors for students to experience and continue smoking. Based on the results of our study, it is thought that multi-layered prevention programmes involving family, school and society, planned by taking into account the individual characteristics of students, will be effective in the fight against smoking.

Kaynakça

  • Amin, S. A.-E.-Z., Shaheen, H. M., & Omran, H. M. E. Y. (2016). Smoking among university students in Kafr El-Sheikh University. Menoufia Medical Journal, 29.
  • Can, V., Küçükoğlu, S., Özdemir, A. A., & Bulduk, M. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin madde kullanım durumları ile yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Kocaeli Tıp Dergisi, 10(Supp: 2), 63–71.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, Temmuz 19). Global tobacco surveillance system data. Retrieved from https://nccd.cdc.gov/GTSSDataSurveyResources/Ancillary/ DataReports.aspx?CAID=1 Chezhian, C., Murthy, S., & Prasad, S. et al. (2015). Exploring factors that influence smoking initiation and cessation among current smokers. J Clin Diagn Res, 9(5), LC08.
  • Cypress, B. S. (2017). Rigor or reliability and validity in qualitative research: Perspectives, strategies, reconceptualization, and recommendations. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 36(4), 253–263.
  • Çifçi, S., Değer, V., Saka, G., & Ceylan, A. (2018). Sağlık yüksekokulu hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinde sigara içme sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörler. Van Tıp Dergisi, 25(2), 89–99. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü. (2023, Temmuz 19). Tobacco 2022. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/ detail/tobacco
  • Elbek, O., Kılınç, O., Salepçi, B., et al. (2021). Tobacco control in Turkey in the light of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Turk Thorac J, 22(1), 90–92.
  • Ertüzün, E., & Yerlisu Lapa, T. (2020). Relationship between adolescents’ leisure boredom and substance use in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22(3), 374–383.
  • Ficarra, M. G., Gualano, M. R., Capizzi, S., et al. (2011). Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes among Italian hospital healthcare professionals. European Journal of Public Health, 21, 29–34.
  • Forero, R., Nahidi, S., De Costa, J., et al. (2018). Application of four-dimension criteria to assess rigour of qualitative research in emergency medicine. BMC Health Services Research, 18, 120.
  • Fırat, M., Kanbay, Y., & Ayran, G. (2019). Sigara, alkol ve madde kullanımı tarama testinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6(4), 244–256.
  • Grossnickle, E. M. (2016). Disentangling curiosity: Dimensionality, definitions, and distinctions from interest in educational contexts. Educational Psychology Review, 28(1), 23–60.
  • Jorayeva, A., Ridner, S. L., Hall, L., Staten, R., & Walker, K. L. (2017). A novel text message-based motivational interviewing intervention for college students who smoke cigarettes. Tob Prev Cessat, 3, 129–138.
  • Joseph-Shehu, E. M., Ncama, B. P., Mooi, N., & Mashamba- Thompson, T. P. (2019). The use of information and communication technologies to promote healthy lifestyle behaviour: A systematic scoping review. BMJ Open, 9(10), e029872.
  • Kingston, S., Rose, M., Cohen-Serrins, J., & Knight, E. A. (2017). Qualitative study of the context of child and adolescent substance use initiation and patterns of use in the first year for early and later initiators. PLoS One, 12(1), e0170794.
  • La Torre, G., Kirch, W., Bes-Rastrollo, M., et al. (2012). GHPSS Collaborative Group. Tobacco use among medical students in Europe: Results of a multicentre study using the Global Health Professions Student Survey. Public Health, 126, 159–164.
  • Martínez-Vispo, C., Senra, C., López-Durán, A., Fernández del Río, E., & Becoña, E. (2019). Boredom susceptibility as predictor of smoking cessation outcomes: Sex differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 146, 130–135.
  • Nilsson, M., & Emmelin, M. (2010). “Immortal but frightened”– smoking adolescents’ perceptions on smoking uptake and prevention. BMC Public Health, 10, 776.
  • Niu, L., Liu, Y., Luo, D., & Xiao, S. (2018). Current smoking behavior among medical students in Mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 30(7), 610–623.
  • Ortega, F. Z., Cuberos, R. C., Sánchez, M. C., Martínez, A. M., Garcés, T. E., Knox, E., et al. (2018). Problematic consumption of substances and video game use in Spanish university students depending on sex and place of residence. Salud Drogas, 18(1), 89–96.
  • Pardavila, M. I., Ruiz, M., & Canga, N. (2019). Predictors of smoking cessation among college students in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Preventive Science, 20(5), 765–775.
  • Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research & evaluation methods integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Pourtau, L., Martin, E., Menvielle, G., El Khoury-Lesueur, F., & Melchior, M. (2019). To smoke or not to smoke? A qualitative study among young adults. Preventive Medicine Reports, 15, 100927.
  • Saha, S. P., Bhalla, D. K., Whayne, T. F., et al. (2007). Cigarette smoke and adverse health effects: An overview of research trends and future needs. International Journal of Angiology, 16, 77–83.
  • Smith, D., & Leggat, P. (2007). An international review of tobacco smoking among medical students. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 53, 55.
  • Sreeramareddy, C. T., Ramakrishnareddy, N., Rahman, M., et al. (2018). Prevalence of tobacco use and perceptions of student health professionals about cessation training: Results from Global Health Professions Students Survey. BMJ Open, 8, e017477.
  • Topçu, B., Ünsal, C., Gazeloğlu, C., & Aktaş, S. (2014). Kapalı mekanlarda sigara içme yasağı ve üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara içme alışkanlıkları üzerine etkisi. International Journal of Basic and Clinical Medicine, 2(1), 24–31.
  • Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu. (2023, Temmuz 19). Küresel yetişkin tütün araştırması Türkiye 2012. Retrieved from https://havanikoru.saglik.gov.tr/depo/Dokumanlar/Yayinlar/ Kuresel_Yetiskin_Tutun_Arastirmasi_Turkiye_Raporu_2012. pdf
  • Wamamili, B., Wallace-Bell, M., Richardson, A., Grace, R. C., & Coope, P. (2019). Cigarette smoking among university students aged 18–24 years in New Zealand: Results of the first (baseline) of two national surveys. BMJ Open, 9(12), e032590.
  • World Health Organization. (2013). Tobacco Free Initiative (TFI): WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/tobacco/global_report/2013/en/
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Tuğba Türkkan 0000-0002-3955-6597

Nurşen Kulakaç 0000-0002-5427-1063

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 25 Kasım 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Türkkan, T., & Kulakaç, N. (2024). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sigara kullanımına yönelik motivasyonları: Nitel bir çalışma. Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 11(4), 483-492.
INDEX: “Index Copernicus, EBSCO Central & Eastern European Academic Source, EBSCO CINAHL,EuroPub, Sobiad, Asos Index, Turk Medline, Google Sholar, Dergipark,Türkiye Atıf Dizini ve Araştırmax...




Creative Commons License


Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmaktadır.