Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapinin Postpartum Depresyon üzerine Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi

Yıl 2024, , 265 - 278, 05.12.2024

Seyhan Alpay , Nülüfer Erbil

https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.1437308

Öz

Giriş: Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemin kadın hayatında oluşturduğu değişiklikler çeşitli ruhsal sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bilişsel davranışçı terapi, bu dönemde kadınların ruhsal sağlığını desteklemek için kullanılan etkili bir yaklaşımdır.
Amaç: Bu sistematik derleme, bilişsel davranışçı terapiye dayanarak verilen psikoterapi eğitimlerinin postpartum dönemde anksiyete ve depresyon üzerindeki etkinliğini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct ve PubMed arama motorlarında İngilizce ve Türkçe anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak 2013-2023 yılları arası makaleler taranmıştır. Makaleler, birbirinden bağımsız iki araştırmacı tarafından Rayyan software kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. PubMed: 20, Science Direct: 400, Web of Science: 50, Google Scholar: 15 olmak üzere toplamda 485 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Konusu araştırma konusuna uygun 41 makaleden 10’u araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Literatür taramasında araştırma kriterlerine uyan 10 randomize kontrollü çalışma incelemeye alınmıştır. Depresyon riskinin belirlenmesinde en çok Edinburg Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılmış ve ölçekten 7 - 13 üstünde puan alan kadınlar araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalara çoğunlukla; 18 yaş üzerinde olan, depresyon veya anksiyete belirtileri açısından risk altında olan, tanılanmış psikiyatrik hastalığı bulunmayan, doğum sonu 12. ayın içinde olan kadınların dahil edildiği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Sistematik derlemeye alınan çalışmalarda, bilişsel davranışçı terapi uygulanış yöntemleri farklılık gösterse de gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde depresyon riskinin ve semptomların azaltılmasında olumlu etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bilişsel davranışçı terapi, doğum sonu dönem, postpartum depresyon

Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Öz

Introduction: The changes caused by pregnancy and postpartum period in women's lives bring along various mental problems. Cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective approach used to support women's mental health during this period.
Aim: This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of psychotherapy training based on cognitive behavioral
therapy on anxiety and depression in the postpartum period.
Method: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed search engines were searched for articles between 2013 and 2023 using English and Turkish keywords. The articles were evaluated by two independent researchers using Rayyan software. PubMed: 20, Science direct: 400, Web of Science: 50, Google scholar: 15 in total 485 articles were reached. 10 of the 41 articles whose subject is suitable for the research topic were included in the research.
Results: Ten randomized controlled trials that met the research criteria were included in the literature review. The
Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale was mostly used to determine the risk of depression, and women who scored 10 - 13 above the scale were included in the study. It has been determined that the studies mostly included women over the age of 18, who are at risk for depression or anxiety symptoms, who do not have a diagnosed psychiatric illness, and who are in the 12th month after birth.
Conclusion: In the systematic review, although the methods of application of cognitive behavioral therapy differ, it was
found to have a positive effect on reducing the risk of depression and symptoms in pregnancy and postpartum period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cognitive behavioral therapy, pospartum depression, postpartum period

Kaynakça

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