Gaziantep İli Sarımsak Yetiştirme Alanlarında Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerinin Yaygınlıkları

Yıl 2022, , 372 - 376, 20.12.2022

Nuran Yıldızbakan , Aydin Atakan , Hülya Özgönen Özkaya

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.1057277

Öz

Gaziantep ili sarımsak ekiliş alanlarında görülen fungal hastalıkların yaygınlıklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla 2018 ve 2019 yıllarının Nisan aylarında surveyler yapılmıştır. Mikolojik yöntemlere göre yapılan fungal izolasyon işlemine göre funguslar, kültürel ve morfolojik özelliklerine göre tanımlanmıştır. Sarımsak üretim alanlarında Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Macrophomina ve Puccinia cinslerine ait türler belirlenmiştir. Tüm funguslar içerisinde en yaygın cins, Fusarium olarak belirlenmiştir. Puccinia porri tarafından sebep olunan pas hastalığı Islahiye de tespit edilememiştir ve diğer alanlardaki yaygınlığı %5,1-18 arasında değişmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sarımsak, Fungal hastalık, Yaygınlık, Gaziantep

Prevalence of Fungal Disease Agents in Garlic Growing Areas of Gaziantep Province

Öz

Surveys were carried out in garlic cultivation areas of Gaziantep province in April 2018 and April 2019 to determine the prevalence of fungal diseases of garlic. After the isolation process was conducted according to routine mycological methods, fungi were identified according to their cultural and morphological characteristics. Fungi belonging to genera of Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Macrophomina and Puccinia were determined in garlic production areas. The most prevalent genus among all fungi was determined as the Fusarium isolated from all areas. The rust disease caused by Puccinia porri has not been detected in the Islahiye district and its prevalence in other areas varies between 5,1-18 %.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Garlic, Fungal disease, Prevalence, Gaziantep

Kaynakça

• [1] Llamas, P., Paton, G., Diaz, G., Serna, G., Saez, B. 2013. The Effects of Storage Duration, Temperature and Cultivar on the Severity of Garlic Clove Rot Caused by Fusarium proliferatum. Postharvest Biology Technology, 78, 34-39.
• [2] Ipek, M., Ipek, A., Simon, P. W. 2008. Molecular Characterization of Kastamonu Garlic: An Economically Important Garlic Clone in Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 115(2), 203-208.
• [3] Kamenetsky, R., London Shafir, I., Khassanov, F., 2005. Diversity in Fertility Potential and Organo-sulphur Compounds Among Garlics from Central Asia. Biodivers Conserv, 14(2), 281–295.
• [4] Heinrich, P.K., Larry, D.L. 1996. The Science and Therapeutic Application of Allium sativum L. and Related Species. Williams & Willkins, USA, 329 pp.
• [5] Baytop, T. 1999. Türkiye’de Bitkilerle Tedavi Geçmişte ve Bugün. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, İstanbul, 480 pp.
• [6] TUIK, 2018. Turkish Statistical Institute. www.tüik.gov.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 21.12.2019).
• [7] Atakan, A., Ozgonen Ozkaya, H. 2018. Antalya İli Karanfil Seralarında Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalık Etmenlerinin Yaygınlıgının Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(1), 216-220.
• [8] Atakan, A., Erdoğan, O., Ozgonen Ozkaya, H. 2020. Evaluation of Plant Protection Practices of Garlic Growers in Gaziantep Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(9), 1942-1947.
• [9] Schwartz, H.F., Mohan, S.K. 1995. Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases. APS Press, USA, 54 pp.
• [10] Bayraktar, H., Tekin, K., Özer, G. 2014. Soğan Üretimi ile İlişkili Farklı Fusarium Türlerinin PCR-RFLP Analizi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(3), 194-198.
• [11] Bayraktar, H., Dolar, F.S. 2011. Molecular Identification and Genetic Diversity of Fusarium Species Associated with Onion Fields in Turkey. Journal of Phytopathology, 159, 28-34.
• [12] Türkkan, M., Karaca, G. 2006. Determination of Fungal Root Rot Disease Agents Associated with Onion Fields in Amasya Province. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 12, 357–363.
• [13] Stankovic, S., Levic, J., Petrovic, T., Logrieco, A., Moretti, A. 2007. Pathogenicity and Mycotoxin Production by Fusarium proliferatum Isolated from Onion and Garlic in Serbia. European Journal of Plant Pathology,118, 165-172.
• [14] Dugan, F., Hellier, B., Lupien, S. 2003. First Report of Fusarium proliferatum Causing Rot of Garlic Bulbs in North America. Plant Pathology, 52, 426.
• [15] Bora, T., Karaca, G. 1970. Bitki Hastalıkları Surveyi, Kültür Bitkilerinde Hastalığın ve Zararın Ölçülmesi, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası, İzmir, 80 s.
• [16] Booth, C. 1977. Fusarium a Laboratory Guide to the ldentification of the Major Species. CMI, Kew Surrey, England, 58 pp.
• [17] Leslie, J.F., Summerel, B.A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manuel. Blackwell Publishing, USA, 387 s.
• [18] Ogoshi, H. 1975. Grouping of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Their Perfect Stages. Review Plant Protection Research, 8, 98-103.
• [19] Bandoni, R.J. 1979. Safranin-O as a Rapid Nuclear Stain for Fungi. Mycologia, 63, 873-874.
• [20] Sneh, B., Burpee, L., Ogoshi, A. 1991. Identification of Rhizoctonia Species. APS Pres, USA, 133 pp.
• [21] Ashby, S.F. 1927. Macrophomina phaseolina (Maub.) Comb. Nov. the Pycnidial Stage of Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.). Butl. Phytopathology, 17, 141-147.
• [22] Goidanich, G. 1947. A Revision of the Genus M. phaseolina petrak type Species: M. phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. M. Phaseolina (Maubl.) Ashby. Phytopathology, 37, 449-461.
• [23] Martínez-de la Parte, E., Sierra Ricabal, P.M., García Rodríguez, D., Lorenzo, M.E. 2015. First Report of Garlic Rust Caused by Puccinia allii in Cuba. New Disease Reports, 32, 30.
• [24] Koike, S.T., Smith, R.F., Davis, R.M., Nunez, J.J., Voss, R.E. 2001. Characterization and Control of Garlic Rust in California. Plant Disease, 85, 585-591.
• [25] McDonald, M.R., de los Angeles Jaime, M., Hovius, M.H. 2004. Management of Diseases of Onions and Garlic. Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables, Springer, Netherlands: Ed. Naqvi SAMH, 707 pp.
• [26] Timila, R.D., Joshi, S., Manandhar, G., Sharma, S. 2005. Occurrence of Garlic Rust in Mid Hill of Nepal. Nepal Agricultural Research Journal, 6, 110-111.
• [27] Sartaj, S., Ahmad, S. 2005. Identification of Rust Pathogen Species İsolated from Different Garlic Cultivars Planted in District Swabi, NWFP. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 21, 205-213.
• [28] Mengesha, W., Tesfaye, A., Mashilla, D. 2015. Effect of Spacing in Incidence and Severity of Garlic Rust (Puccinia allii) and Bulb Yield and Related Traits of Garlic at Eastern Ethiopia. Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 6, 314-338.
• [29] Worku, Y., Dejene, M. 2012. Effects of Garlic Rust (Puccinia allii) on Yield and Yield Components of Garlic in Bale Highlands, Southeastern Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 3, 218-224.