Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Determination of Essential and Fatty Oil Yields and Components of Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Fruits

Yıl 2020, , 526 - 532, 25.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.793768

Öz

Ferula gummosa Boiss essential oil is used in the cosmetics and perfumery industry in the world and it is an economically important member of the Apiaceae family. The present study was conducted to determine the essential and fixed oil yield and quality of Ferula fruits collected from natural flora in Mashadardehal region located in the northern part of Kashan province of Iran. The essential oil content of Ferula fruits were analyzed in Neo-Clavenger apparatus and fixed oil content was analyzed in NMR with 3 replications. Oil’s constituents were analyzed with GC-MS and GC-FID devices; respectively. The essential oil content of Ferula fruits was 5.62±0.24 and fixed oil content in fruit pulp after distillation was 14.146 ± 0.97%. The main components of the essential oil were found to be β-pinene (64.87%), Δ-3-carene (7.29%), α-pinene (4.60%) and β-myrcene (2.26%). The main components in fixed oil consisted of 13.0% saturated, 55.6% monounsaturated, 31.0% double unsaturated and 0.3% polyunsaturated fatty acids. The major components of fixed oil were petrocelinic (34.959%), linoleic (30.788%) and oleic acids (12.565%). Based on the results of the study it could be recommended that Ferula fruits could be used as a source for β-pinene and as sources for petrocelinic and linoleic acids due to their high fixed unsaturated oils. Therefore; F. gummosa fruits have the potential to be used for both edible oil and pharmaceutical-cosmetic oil source for the industry.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Yaqoob, U., Nawchoo, I. A. 2015. Conservation and Cultivation of Ferula jaeschkeana Vatke: A Species with Deep Complex Morphophysiological Dormancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B: Biological Sciences, 87(2), 315-327.
  • [2] Pimenov, M. G., Leonov, M. V. 2004. Asya Umbelliferae Biyoçeşitlilik Veritabanı (ASIUM), Güney-Batı Asya Taksalarına Özel Referans ile. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28, 139–145.
  • [3] Ajani, Y., Ajani, M. 2008. A New Species of Ferula (Umbellıferae) From Southern Iran. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 65, 425–431.
  • [4] Safaian, N., Shokri, M. 1993. Botanical and Ecological Study of Species of The Genus Ferula (Medicinal Plants) in Mazandaran Province. Acta Horticulturae, 333, 159-167.
  • [5] Asili, J., Sahebkar, A., Fazly Bazzaz, B. S., Sharifi, S., Iranshahi, M. 2009. Identification of Essential Oil Components of Ferula badrakema Fruits by GC–MS and 13C-NMR Methods and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 12, 7–15.
  • [6] Kouyakhi, E. T. Naghavi, M. R. Alayhs, M. 2008. Study of The Essential Oil Variation of Ferula gummosa Samples From Iran. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 44, 124-126. [7] Najafabadi, A. S., Naghavi, M. R., Farahmand, H., Abbasi, A., Yazdanfar, N. 2017. Chemical Composition of The Essential Oil from Oleo-Gumresin and Different Organs of Ferula gummosa. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 20, 282-288.
  • [8] Mortazaienezhad, F., Sadeghian, M. M. 2006. Investigation of Compounds from Galbanum (Ferula gummosa) Boiss. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 905-906.
  • [9] Mohammadzadeh Milani, J., Rezaii, K., Safari, M., Ghanbarzadeh, B., Phillips G. O. 2015. Extraction and Physicochemical Properties of Barijeh (Ferula galbaniflua) gum. Journal of Food and Bioprocess Eng. 1, 9-20.
  • [10] Panda, H. 2003 Herbal soaps & detergents hand book. Niir Project Consultancy Services, India, 536s.
  • [11] Coppen, J. J. W. 1995. Gums, Resins and Latexes of Plant Origin. Non Wood Forest Products. Food and Agriculture Organisation of The United Nations, Romepp, 1-141.
  • [12] Asl, Z. N. 2018. The Industrial-Therapeutic Impact of Ferula in Sustainable Development: A Case Study in Lezoor Village (Firuzkuh, IRAN). International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 9(2), 92-98.
  • [13] Baser, K. H. C., Kırımer, N. 2014. Essential Oils of Anatolian Apiaceae - A Profile. Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 1(1), 1-50.
  • [14] Baydar, H. 2016. Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkiler Bilimi ve Teknolojisi (Genişletilmiş 5. Baskı). SDÜ Yayınları, Yayın No: 51, Isparta, 424s.
  • [15] Baser, K. H. C., Demirci, B. Duman, H. 2001. Composition of The Essential Oil of Ferulago asparagifolia Boiss. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 13(2), 134‐135.
  • [16] Baser, K. H. C., Demirci, B., Sağıroğlu, M. Duman, H. 2007. Essential Oils of Ferula Species of Turkey. Paper Presented at the 38th International Symposium on Essential Oils, September 9-12, Graz, Austria, 21-23.
  • [17] Ozek, G., Ozek, T., Iscan, G., Baser, K. H. C., Duran, A., Hammoglu, E. 2008. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of The Oils of Ferula szowitsiana DC. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 20(2), 186-190.
  • [18] Kose, E. O., Aktas, O., Deniz, I. G. Sarikurkcu, C. 2010. Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Endemic Ferula lycia Boiss., Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1698‐1703.
  • [19] Miski, M., Kurkcuoglu, M., Iscan, G., Tosun, F. 2012. Ferula drudeana Korovin Meyvalarından Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağın GC/GC‐MS Analizi ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi. 20. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı (20. BİHAT), ,10-13 Ekim, Antalya, Turkey, 49.
  • [20] Miski, M., Kurkcuoglu, M., Iscan, G., Tosun, F. 2013. Biological Activity and Composition of the Essential Oil of Ferula rigidula DC. 10th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Compounds (10th SCNC), 21-23 Kasım, Taşkent/Buhara, Uzbekistan, 178.
  • [21] Kooti, W., Moradi, M., Ali-Akbari, S., Sharafi-Ahvazi, N., Asadi-Samani, M., Ashtary-Larky, D. 2015. Therapeutic and Pharmacological Potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill: a review. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, 4(1), 1-9.
  • [22] Bayrak, A., Korkut, M. H. 1995. Bazı Tohum Yağlarının (Umbelliferae) Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonu ve Özellikle Petroselinik Asit Miktarları Üzerinde Araştırma-II. Standard, 400, 120-126.
  • [23] Reiter, B., Lechner, M., Lorbeer, E. 1998. The Fatty Acid Profiles – Including Petroselinic and cis-vaccenic Acid – of Different Umbelliferae Seed Oils. Lipid/Fett, 100, 498-502.
  • [24] Bayrak, A. 2006. Çeşitli Baharat Tohumu (Rezene, Çemenotu) Yağlarının Sterol ve Yağ Asidi Bileşimi. T.C. Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu, Proje No: 20050745001HPD, Ankara.
  • [25] Baydar, H., Erbaş, S. 2014. Yağ Bitkileri Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. SDÜ Yayınları, Yayın No: 97, Isparta, 313s.
  • [26] Charvet, A. S., Commeau, L. C., Gaydon, E. M. 1991. New Preparation of Pure Petroselinic Acid From Fennel Oil. JAKS Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 68(6), 604–607.
  • [27] Anonim, 1975. European Pharmacopoeia, Maissonneuve Sainteruffine, Sainte Ruffine, France, 3, 68.
  • [28] AOAC, 1997. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. 684.
  • [29] Hossein, T., Jalali, S. P., Juan J., Villaverde, M. A., Coimbra, M., Rosário, M., Domingues, Z. J., Ebrahimian, A. J. D. S., Sílvia M. R. 2013. Assessment of The Sesquiterpenic Profile of Ferula Gummosa Oleo-Gum-Resin (Galbanum) from Iran. Contributes to Its Valuation as a Potential Source of Sesquiterpenic Compounds. Industrial Crops and Products, 44, 185-191.
  • [30] Ghannadi, A., Amree, S. 2002. Volatile Oil Constituents of Ferula gummosa Boiss. from Kashan, Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 14(6), 420-421.
  • [31] Rustaiyan, A., Monfared, A., Masoudi, S., Ameri, N. 2002. Essential Oils of The Stem and Root of Ferula galbaniflua Boiss. Et Buhse from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research.14, 286-287.
  • [32] Sayyah, M., Kamalinejad, M., Bahrami Hidage, R., Rustaiyan, A. 2001. Antiepileptic Potential and Composition of the Fruit Essential Oil of Ferula gummosa Boiss. Iranian Biomedical Journal, 5, 69-72.
  • [33] Ghasemi, Y., Faridi, P., Mehregan, I., Mohagheghzadeh, A. 2005. Ferula gummosa Fruits: an Aromatic Antimicrobial Agent. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 41, 311–314.
  • [34] Baser, K. H. C., Ozek, T., Demirci, B., Kurkcuoglu, M., Aytac, Z., Duman, H. 2000. Composition of the Essential Oils of Zosima absinthifolia (Vent.) Link and Ferula elaeochytris Korovin from Turkey. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 15(6), 371‐372.
  • [35] Ozek, G., Ozek, T., Iscan, G., Baser, K. H. C., Duran, A. Hammoglu, E. 2008. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of The Oils of Ferula szowitsiana DC. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 20(2), 186‐190.
  • [36] Kose, E. O., Aktas, O., Deniz, I. G. Sarikurkcu, C. 2010. Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Endemic Ferula lycia Boiss. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1698‐1703.
  • [37] Bettaieb, I., Bourgou, S., Sriti, J., Msaada, K., Limam, F., Marzouk, B. 2011. Essential Oils and Fatty Acids Composition of Tunisian and Indian Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Seeds: A Comparative Study. Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 91(11), 2100-2107.
  • [38] Reiter, B., Lechner, M., Lorbeer, E. 1998. The Fatty Acid Profiles – Including Petroselinic and Cis-Vaccenic Acid – of Different Umbelliferae Seed Oils. Lipid/Fett, 100, 498-502.
  • [39] Alfekaiki, D. F. 2018. Chemical and Physical Characteristics and Fatty Acid Profile of Some Oil Seeds of Apiaceae Family in Iraq. Chemical and Process Engineering Research, 58, 17-27.

Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2020, , 526 - 532, 25.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.793768

Öz

Ferula gummosa Boiss uçucu yağı dünyada kozmetik ve parfümeri sektöründe kullanılan Apiaceae familyasının ekonomik değeri yüksek üyelerinden biridir. Bu araştırmada Iran’ın Kashan ilinin kuzeyinde yer alan Mashadardehal bölgesinde doğal floradan toplanan Ferula meyvelerinin uçucu ve sabit yağ verimlilik ve kalitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. F. gummosa meyvelerinin uçucu yağ analizleri Neo-Clavenger tipi su distilasyon cihazında ve sabit yağ analizleri ise üç tekerrürlü olarak NMR cihazında, bileşen analizleri ise sırasıyla GC-MS ve GC-FID cihazlarında yapılmıştır. Ferula meyvelerinin 5.62±0.24 uçucu yağ ve uçucu yağ alındıktan sonra posaların %14.15 ± 0.97 sabit yağ içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağın ana bileşenlerinin β-pinene (%64.87), Δ-3-carene (%7.29), α-pinene (%4.60) ve β-myrcene (%2.26) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ferula sabit yağının %13.0’ü doymuş, %55.6’sı tekli doymamış, %31.0’i çiftli doymamış ve %0.3’ünün çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Sabit yağdaki ana bileşenlerin petroselinik (%34.959), linoleik (%30.788) ve oleik (%12.565) asit olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; Ferula meyvelerinin yüksek uçucu yağ ve sabit yağ içermesi nedeniyle uçucu yağların β-pinene kaynağı olarak ve sabit yağların ise yüksek doymamışlık oranı ve petroselinik asit içeriğinden dolayı hem yenilenebilir hem de farmasötik ve oleo kimya endüstrisi için önemli potansiyeli mevcuttur.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Yaqoob, U., Nawchoo, I. A. 2015. Conservation and Cultivation of Ferula jaeschkeana Vatke: A Species with Deep Complex Morphophysiological Dormancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B: Biological Sciences, 87(2), 315-327.
  • [2] Pimenov, M. G., Leonov, M. V. 2004. Asya Umbelliferae Biyoçeşitlilik Veritabanı (ASIUM), Güney-Batı Asya Taksalarına Özel Referans ile. Turkish Journal of Botany, 28, 139–145.
  • [3] Ajani, Y., Ajani, M. 2008. A New Species of Ferula (Umbellıferae) From Southern Iran. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 65, 425–431.
  • [4] Safaian, N., Shokri, M. 1993. Botanical and Ecological Study of Species of The Genus Ferula (Medicinal Plants) in Mazandaran Province. Acta Horticulturae, 333, 159-167.
  • [5] Asili, J., Sahebkar, A., Fazly Bazzaz, B. S., Sharifi, S., Iranshahi, M. 2009. Identification of Essential Oil Components of Ferula badrakema Fruits by GC–MS and 13C-NMR Methods and Evaluation of its Antimicrobial Activity. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 12, 7–15.
  • [6] Kouyakhi, E. T. Naghavi, M. R. Alayhs, M. 2008. Study of The Essential Oil Variation of Ferula gummosa Samples From Iran. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 44, 124-126. [7] Najafabadi, A. S., Naghavi, M. R., Farahmand, H., Abbasi, A., Yazdanfar, N. 2017. Chemical Composition of The Essential Oil from Oleo-Gumresin and Different Organs of Ferula gummosa. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 20, 282-288.
  • [8] Mortazaienezhad, F., Sadeghian, M. M. 2006. Investigation of Compounds from Galbanum (Ferula gummosa) Boiss. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 905-906.
  • [9] Mohammadzadeh Milani, J., Rezaii, K., Safari, M., Ghanbarzadeh, B., Phillips G. O. 2015. Extraction and Physicochemical Properties of Barijeh (Ferula galbaniflua) gum. Journal of Food and Bioprocess Eng. 1, 9-20.
  • [10] Panda, H. 2003 Herbal soaps & detergents hand book. Niir Project Consultancy Services, India, 536s.
  • [11] Coppen, J. J. W. 1995. Gums, Resins and Latexes of Plant Origin. Non Wood Forest Products. Food and Agriculture Organisation of The United Nations, Romepp, 1-141.
  • [12] Asl, Z. N. 2018. The Industrial-Therapeutic Impact of Ferula in Sustainable Development: A Case Study in Lezoor Village (Firuzkuh, IRAN). International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 9(2), 92-98.
  • [13] Baser, K. H. C., Kırımer, N. 2014. Essential Oils of Anatolian Apiaceae - A Profile. Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 1(1), 1-50.
  • [14] Baydar, H. 2016. Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkiler Bilimi ve Teknolojisi (Genişletilmiş 5. Baskı). SDÜ Yayınları, Yayın No: 51, Isparta, 424s.
  • [15] Baser, K. H. C., Demirci, B. Duman, H. 2001. Composition of The Essential Oil of Ferulago asparagifolia Boiss. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 13(2), 134‐135.
  • [16] Baser, K. H. C., Demirci, B., Sağıroğlu, M. Duman, H. 2007. Essential Oils of Ferula Species of Turkey. Paper Presented at the 38th International Symposium on Essential Oils, September 9-12, Graz, Austria, 21-23.
  • [17] Ozek, G., Ozek, T., Iscan, G., Baser, K. H. C., Duran, A., Hammoglu, E. 2008. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of The Oils of Ferula szowitsiana DC. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 20(2), 186-190.
  • [18] Kose, E. O., Aktas, O., Deniz, I. G. Sarikurkcu, C. 2010. Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Endemic Ferula lycia Boiss., Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1698‐1703.
  • [19] Miski, M., Kurkcuoglu, M., Iscan, G., Tosun, F. 2012. Ferula drudeana Korovin Meyvalarından Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağın GC/GC‐MS Analizi ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi. 20. Bitkisel İlaç Hammaddeleri Toplantısı (20. BİHAT), ,10-13 Ekim, Antalya, Turkey, 49.
  • [20] Miski, M., Kurkcuoglu, M., Iscan, G., Tosun, F. 2013. Biological Activity and Composition of the Essential Oil of Ferula rigidula DC. 10th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Compounds (10th SCNC), 21-23 Kasım, Taşkent/Buhara, Uzbekistan, 178.
  • [21] Kooti, W., Moradi, M., Ali-Akbari, S., Sharafi-Ahvazi, N., Asadi-Samani, M., Ashtary-Larky, D. 2015. Therapeutic and Pharmacological Potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill: a review. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, 4(1), 1-9.
  • [22] Bayrak, A., Korkut, M. H. 1995. Bazı Tohum Yağlarının (Umbelliferae) Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonu ve Özellikle Petroselinik Asit Miktarları Üzerinde Araştırma-II. Standard, 400, 120-126.
  • [23] Reiter, B., Lechner, M., Lorbeer, E. 1998. The Fatty Acid Profiles – Including Petroselinic and cis-vaccenic Acid – of Different Umbelliferae Seed Oils. Lipid/Fett, 100, 498-502.
  • [24] Bayrak, A. 2006. Çeşitli Baharat Tohumu (Rezene, Çemenotu) Yağlarının Sterol ve Yağ Asidi Bileşimi. T.C. Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu, Proje No: 20050745001HPD, Ankara.
  • [25] Baydar, H., Erbaş, S. 2014. Yağ Bitkileri Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. SDÜ Yayınları, Yayın No: 97, Isparta, 313s.
  • [26] Charvet, A. S., Commeau, L. C., Gaydon, E. M. 1991. New Preparation of Pure Petroselinic Acid From Fennel Oil. JAKS Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 68(6), 604–607.
  • [27] Anonim, 1975. European Pharmacopoeia, Maissonneuve Sainteruffine, Sainte Ruffine, France, 3, 68.
  • [28] AOAC, 1997. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. 684.
  • [29] Hossein, T., Jalali, S. P., Juan J., Villaverde, M. A., Coimbra, M., Rosário, M., Domingues, Z. J., Ebrahimian, A. J. D. S., Sílvia M. R. 2013. Assessment of The Sesquiterpenic Profile of Ferula Gummosa Oleo-Gum-Resin (Galbanum) from Iran. Contributes to Its Valuation as a Potential Source of Sesquiterpenic Compounds. Industrial Crops and Products, 44, 185-191.
  • [30] Ghannadi, A., Amree, S. 2002. Volatile Oil Constituents of Ferula gummosa Boiss. from Kashan, Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 14(6), 420-421.
  • [31] Rustaiyan, A., Monfared, A., Masoudi, S., Ameri, N. 2002. Essential Oils of The Stem and Root of Ferula galbaniflua Boiss. Et Buhse from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research.14, 286-287.
  • [32] Sayyah, M., Kamalinejad, M., Bahrami Hidage, R., Rustaiyan, A. 2001. Antiepileptic Potential and Composition of the Fruit Essential Oil of Ferula gummosa Boiss. Iranian Biomedical Journal, 5, 69-72.
  • [33] Ghasemi, Y., Faridi, P., Mehregan, I., Mohagheghzadeh, A. 2005. Ferula gummosa Fruits: an Aromatic Antimicrobial Agent. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 41, 311–314.
  • [34] Baser, K. H. C., Ozek, T., Demirci, B., Kurkcuoglu, M., Aytac, Z., Duman, H. 2000. Composition of the Essential Oils of Zosima absinthifolia (Vent.) Link and Ferula elaeochytris Korovin from Turkey. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 15(6), 371‐372.
  • [35] Ozek, G., Ozek, T., Iscan, G., Baser, K. H. C., Duran, A. Hammoglu, E. 2008. Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of The Oils of Ferula szowitsiana DC. from Turkey. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 20(2), 186‐190.
  • [36] Kose, E. O., Aktas, O., Deniz, I. G. Sarikurkcu, C. 2010. Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Endemic Ferula lycia Boiss. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1698‐1703.
  • [37] Bettaieb, I., Bourgou, S., Sriti, J., Msaada, K., Limam, F., Marzouk, B. 2011. Essential Oils and Fatty Acids Composition of Tunisian and Indian Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Seeds: A Comparative Study. Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 91(11), 2100-2107.
  • [38] Reiter, B., Lechner, M., Lorbeer, E. 1998. The Fatty Acid Profiles – Including Petroselinic and Cis-Vaccenic Acid – of Different Umbelliferae Seed Oils. Lipid/Fett, 100, 498-502.
  • [39] Alfekaiki, D. F. 2018. Chemical and Physical Characteristics and Fatty Acid Profile of Some Oil Seeds of Apiaceae Family in Iraq. Chemical and Process Engineering Research, 58, 17-27.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Mutlucan 0000-0002-6990-277X

Sabri Erbaş 0000-0003-0691-6127

Ümit Erdoğan 0000-0002-6627-4472

Arif Şanlı 0000-0002-5443-2082

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Mutlucan, M., Erbaş, S., Erdoğan, Ü., Şanlı, A. (2020). Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(3), 526-532. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.793768
AMA Mutlucan M, Erbaş S, Erdoğan Ü, Şanlı A. Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniv. Fen Bilim. Enst. Derg. Aralık 2020;24(3):526-532. doi:10.19113/sdufenbed.793768
Chicago Mutlucan, Murat, Sabri Erbaş, Ümit Erdoğan, ve Arif Şanlı. “Ferula (Ferula Gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu Ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri Ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 24, sy. 3 (Aralık 2020): 526-32. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.793768.
EndNote Mutlucan M, Erbaş S, Erdoğan Ü, Şanlı A (01 Aralık 2020) Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 24 3 526–532.
IEEE M. Mutlucan, S. Erbaş, Ü. Erdoğan, ve A. Şanlı, “Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi”, Süleyman Demirel Üniv. Fen Bilim. Enst. Derg., c. 24, sy. 3, ss. 526–532, 2020, doi: 10.19113/sdufenbed.793768.
ISNAD Mutlucan, Murat vd. “Ferula (Ferula Gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu Ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri Ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 24/3 (Aralık 2020), 526-532. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.793768.
JAMA Mutlucan M, Erbaş S, Erdoğan Ü, Şanlı A. Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniv. Fen Bilim. Enst. Derg. 2020;24:526–532.
MLA Mutlucan, Murat vd. “Ferula (Ferula Gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu Ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri Ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 24, sy. 3, 2020, ss. 526-32, doi:10.19113/sdufenbed.793768.
Vancouver Mutlucan M, Erbaş S, Erdoğan Ü, Şanlı A. Ferula (Ferula gummosa Boiss.) Meyvelerinde Uçucu ve Sabit Yağ Verimleri ile Bileşenlerinin Belirlenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniv. Fen Bilim. Enst. Derg. 2020;24(3):526-32.

e-ISSN :1308-6529
Linking ISSN (ISSN-L): 1300-7688

Dergide yayımlanan tüm makalelere ücretiz olarak erişilebilinir ve Creative Commons CC BY-NC Atıf-GayriTicari lisansı ile açık erişime sunulur. Tüm yazarlar ve diğer dergi kullanıcıları bu durumu kabul etmiş sayılırlar. CC BY-NC lisansı hakkında detaylı bilgiye erişmek için tıklayınız.