Öz
Hint Okyanusu’nun ortasında bulunan Chagos Takımadaları, uzun süredir Birleşik Krallık ile eski kolonisi Mauritius arasında egemenlik anlaşmazlığına konu olmuştur. Mauritius’un 1968 yılında bağımsızlığını kazanmasından evvel, İngiliz Hint Okyanusu Bölgesi’nin kurulması amacıyla Chagos Takımadaları Mauritius’dan ayrılmıştır. Ana adalardan biri olan Diego Garcia Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne kiralanarak 3.000 personeli olan askeri bir üsse ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Mauritius, hukuka aykırı bir şekilde gerçekleştiğini iddia ederek, çeşitli uluslararası hukuk mekanizmaları ile Chagos Takımadalarının kendisinden ayırılmasına itiraz etmiştir. Uluslararası Adalet Divanı (UAD), Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu (BMGK) ve Uluslararası Deniz Hukuku Mahkemesi'ni (UDHM) kapsayan bir sürecin ardından Mauritius hukuki zafer elde etmiştir.
UAD’ın Danışma Görüşü’nde Mauritius’un dekolonizasyon sürecinde kendi kaderini tayin hakkının ihlal edildiğini tespit etmiş, UDHM Özel Daire ise Mauritius’un Chagos Takımadaları’na egemenliğini kabul ederek bu tespiti pekiştirmiştir. Bu iki karar özellikle kendi kaderini tayin hakkına verdikleri önem bakımından önem arz etmekle birlikte, bir egemenlik anlaşmazlığında hüküm vererek yetki sınırlarını esnetmişlerdir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
kendi kaderini tayin hakkı dekolonizasyon deniz koruma alanı Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Uluslararası Deniz Hukuku Mahkemesi
Kaynakça
- ALLEN, Stephen, The Chagos Islanders and International Law, Hart Publishing, 2004
- APPLEBY, Thomas, “The Chagos Marine Protected Arbitration—A Battle of Four Losers?” Journal of Environmental 27/3 (2015) 529
- CHEN, Lung-Chu, “Self-Determination and World Public Order”, Notre Dame Law Review 66 (1991) 1287
- CHRISTOPHERSEN, Jake, “General Assembly Resolutions in the Determination of Customary International Law: The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion in Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965” Bristol Law Review 6 (2019) 2
- CHUA, Eden Hb, “Incomplete Decolonisation without Self-Determination: The Case of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago” Sri Lanka Journal of International Law 27 (2019)
- FAHNER, Johannes Hendrik, ‘Déjà Vu in The Hague – the Relevance of the Chagos Arbitral Award to the Proceedings before the ICJ’ QIL 55 (2018) 107
- GETACHEW, Adam, Worldmaking after Empire. The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination, Princeton University Press, 2019
- MORSE, Wayne, The United States in the United Nations 1960 - A Turning Point. Supplementary Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, US Government Printing Office, 1961
- ORAL, Nilüfer - LANDO, Massimo, ‘International Procedure between Past and Future – Procedural Developments in Law of the Sea Dispute Settlement in 2021’ The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 27(1) (2022) 198
- STILZ, Anna, “Decolonization and Self-Determination”, Social Philosophy and Policy 32/1 (2015) 1 VINE, David, From the Birth of the Ilois to the “Footprint to Freedom”: A History of Chagos and the Chagossians in EVERS, Sandra – KOOY, Marry (eds), Eviction from the Chagos Islands, Brill Academic Publishers, 2011
Öz
Anahtar Kelimeler
kendi kaderini tayin hakkı dekolonizasyon deniz koruma alanı Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Uluslararası Deniz Hukuku Mahkemesi
Kaynakça
- ALLEN, Stephen, The Chagos Islanders and International Law, Hart Publishing, 2004
- APPLEBY, Thomas, “The Chagos Marine Protected Arbitration—A Battle of Four Losers?” Journal of Environmental 27/3 (2015) 529
- CHEN, Lung-Chu, “Self-Determination and World Public Order”, Notre Dame Law Review 66 (1991) 1287
- CHRISTOPHERSEN, Jake, “General Assembly Resolutions in the Determination of Customary International Law: The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion in Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965” Bristol Law Review 6 (2019) 2
- CHUA, Eden Hb, “Incomplete Decolonisation without Self-Determination: The Case of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago” Sri Lanka Journal of International Law 27 (2019)
- FAHNER, Johannes Hendrik, ‘Déjà Vu in The Hague – the Relevance of the Chagos Arbitral Award to the Proceedings before the ICJ’ QIL 55 (2018) 107
- GETACHEW, Adam, Worldmaking after Empire. The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination, Princeton University Press, 2019
- MORSE, Wayne, The United States in the United Nations 1960 - A Turning Point. Supplementary Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, US Government Printing Office, 1961
- ORAL, Nilüfer - LANDO, Massimo, ‘International Procedure between Past and Future – Procedural Developments in Law of the Sea Dispute Settlement in 2021’ The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 27(1) (2022) 198
- STILZ, Anna, “Decolonization and Self-Determination”, Social Philosophy and Policy 32/1 (2015) 1 VINE, David, From the Birth of the Ilois to the “Footprint to Freedom”: A History of Chagos and the Chagossians in EVERS, Sandra – KOOY, Marry (eds), Eviction from the Chagos Islands, Brill Academic Publishers, 2011
A STUDY OF INSTITUTIONAL DETERMINATION AND CONSOLIDATION IN PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW - THE CHAGOS CASE
Öz
Located in the middle of the Indian Ocean, the Chagos Archipelago has been subject to a sovereignty dispute between the United Kingdom and its former colony, Mauritius. Before Mauritius gained independence in 1968, the Chagos Archipelago was separated to establish the British Indian Ocean Territory. The main island in the archipelago, Diego Garcia, was leased to the United States and is home to a military base with 3.000 personnel. Mauritius has been challenging the detachment of the Chagos Archipelago, which it claims to be unlawful, by using international legal mechanisms available before it. After a journey that involved the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), Mauritius has achieved legal victory.
The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion determined that Mauritius’s right to self-determination within the context of decolonization was violated and the ITLOS Special Chamber consolidated this finding by acknowledging Mauritius as the sovereign of the Chagos Archipelago. While these decisions are admirable for upholding the right to self-determination, they have stretched the jurisdictional limits of each respective institution by ruling on a sovereignty dispute.
Anahtar Kelimeler
kendi kaderini tayin hakkı dekolonizasyon deniz koruma alanı Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Uluslararası Deniz Hukuku Mahkemesi
Kaynakça
- ALLEN, Stephen, The Chagos Islanders and International Law, Hart Publishing, 2004
- APPLEBY, Thomas, “The Chagos Marine Protected Arbitration—A Battle of Four Losers?” Journal of Environmental 27/3 (2015) 529
- CHEN, Lung-Chu, “Self-Determination and World Public Order”, Notre Dame Law Review 66 (1991) 1287
- CHRISTOPHERSEN, Jake, “General Assembly Resolutions in the Determination of Customary International Law: The ICJ’s Advisory Opinion in Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965” Bristol Law Review 6 (2019) 2
- CHUA, Eden Hb, “Incomplete Decolonisation without Self-Determination: The Case of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago” Sri Lanka Journal of International Law 27 (2019)
- FAHNER, Johannes Hendrik, ‘Déjà Vu in The Hague – the Relevance of the Chagos Arbitral Award to the Proceedings before the ICJ’ QIL 55 (2018) 107
- GETACHEW, Adam, Worldmaking after Empire. The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination, Princeton University Press, 2019
- MORSE, Wayne, The United States in the United Nations 1960 - A Turning Point. Supplementary Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, US Government Printing Office, 1961
- ORAL, Nilüfer - LANDO, Massimo, ‘International Procedure between Past and Future – Procedural Developments in Law of the Sea Dispute Settlement in 2021’ The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 27(1) (2022) 198
- STILZ, Anna, “Decolonization and Self-Determination”, Social Philosophy and Policy 32/1 (2015) 1 VINE, David, From the Birth of the Ilois to the “Footprint to Freedom”: A History of Chagos and the Chagossians in EVERS, Sandra – KOOY, Marry (eds), Eviction from the Chagos Islands, Brill Academic Publishers, 2011
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hukuk |
| Bölüm | KAMU HUKUKU |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 |
