Sanal Kaytarma: Bir Kamu Kurumunda Ampirik Bir Araştırma

Öz

Cyberloafing is employees’ usage of information technologies for non-work related objectives during the work hours. The aim of this research is to analyze the level of cyberloafing activities of public officials and to explore whether it differs according to some variables in a public institution. Data were collected by means of questionnaires from 136 public officials in 10 branches of a public institution of the Regional Directorate of Antalya. The results indicate that the level of cyberloafing activities of the public officials in this public institutions is very low and it significantly differs according to some variables (educational level, age, statue, work tenure, internet skill and usage frequency etc.)

Anahtar Kelimeler

• -

SANAL KAYTARMA: BİR KAMU KURUMUNDA AMPİRİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

Sanal kaytarma, çalışanların iş saatlerinde bilişim teknolojilerini iş dışı faaliyetler için kullanmasıdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, bir kamu kurumunda çalışanların sanal kaytarma eylemlerini analiz etmek ve sanal kaytarma eylemlerinin bir kısım değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini araştırılmaktır. Veriler anket kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya kamu kurumunun Antalya Bölge Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı 10 biriminde çalışan 136 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre sanal kaytarma eylemlerinin ilgili kamu çalışanlarında düşük düzeyde gerçekleştiği ve sanal kaytarma eylemleri düzeyinin bazı değişkenlere göre (eğitim, yaş, pozisyon, çalışma yılı, internet kullanma becerisi ve kullanma sıklığı vs.) anlamlı farklık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sanal Kaytarma, Kamu Çalışanları, Kamu Kurumu

Kaynakça

1. AKCA, A. (2013). Okul Yöneticilerinin ĠĢ DıĢı Ġnternet Kullanım (Siber Aylaklık) DavranıĢlarının Ġncelenmesi, YayınlanmamıĢ Yüksek Lisans Tezi Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ġstanbul.
2. ANANDARAJAN, M. ve Simmers, C. A. (2004). “Constructive and Dysfunctional Personal Web Usage in the Workplace: Mapping Employee Attitudes”, 1-27, içinde Personal Web Usage in the Workplace: A Guide to Effective Human Resources Management (editörler: M. Anandarajan ve C. Simmers), Information Science Publishing.
3. ANANDARAJAN, M., Devine, P. ve Simmers, C. A. (2004). “A Multidimensional Scaling Approach to Personal Web Usage in the Workplace”, 61-79, içinde Personal Web Usage in the Workplace: A Guide to Effective Human Resources Management (editörler: M. Anandarajan ve C. Simmers), Information Science Publishing.
4. ANANDARAJAN, M., Simmers, C. A. ve D’Ovidio, R. (2011). “Exploring the Underlying Structure of Personal Web Usage in the Workplace”, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, And Social Networking, 14(10), 577-583.
5. ANANDARAJAN, M., Simmers, C. ve Igbaria, M. (2000). An Exploratory Investigation of the Antecedents and Impact of Internet Usage: An Individual Perspective”, Behaviour and Information Technology, 19(1), 69-85.
6. ASKEW, K., Buckner, J. E., Taing, M. U., Ilie, A., Bauer, J. A. ve Coovert, M. D. (2014). “Explaining Cyberloafing: The Role of the Theory of Planned Behavior”, Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 510-519.
7. BLANCHARD, A. L. ve Henle, C. A. (2008). “Correlates of Different Forms of Cyberloafing: The Role of Norms and External Locus of Control” Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1067-1084.
8. CAVUSOGLU, Palamutcuoglu, A. ve Palamutcuoglu, B: T. (2014). “ÇalıĢanların Demografik Özelliklerinin Sanal Kaytarma (Cyberloafing) Üzerindeki Etkisi: Üniversite ÇalıĢanları Üzerinde Ampirik Bir AraĢtırma”, 1(3), Research Journal of Business and Management, 149-168.

9. CHAK, K. (2003), Shyness and Locus of Control as Predictors of Internet Addiction and Internet Use, A Graduation Project in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in New Media, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
10. ÇELĠK, N. (2014). “Job Satisfaction’s Impact On Cyberloafing: An University Example”, 10th International Academic Conference, 03 June 2014, Vienna.
11. FOSTER, M. (2001). “Be Alert to the Signs of Employee Internet Addiction”, National Public Accountant, 46, 39-40.
12. GARRETT, R. K. ve Danziger, J. N. (2008). “Disaffection or Expected Outcomes: Understanding Personal Internet Use During Work”, Journal of ComputerMediated Communication, 13, 937-958.
13. ĠYĠGÜN, N. Ö., Yıldız, B. ve Yıldız, H. (2014). “ÇalıĢanların Sanal Kaytarma DavranıĢları Psikolojik SözleĢme Algısıyla Açıklanabilir mi?”, 6-8 Kasım 2014, 57- 64, Kayseri, www.academia.edu, (10.03.2015).
14. HASSAN, H. M., Reza, D. M. ve Farkhad, M. A. A. (2015). “An Experimental Study of Influential Elements on Cyberloafing from General Deterrence Theory Perspective Case Study: Tehran Subway Organization”, International Business Research, 8(3), 91-98.
15. JACKSON, L. A., Ervin, K. S., Gardner, P. D. ve Schmitt, N. (2001). “Gender and the Internet: Women Communicating and Men Searching”, Sex Roles, 44 (5/6), 363- 379.
16. KALAYCI, ġ. (2008). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok DeğiĢkenli Ġstatistik Teknikleri, 3. Baskı, Asil Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
17. KAPLAN, M. ve Çetinkaya, A. ġ. (2014). “Sanal Kaytarma ve Demografik Özellikler Açısından Farklılıklar: Otel ĠĢletmelerinde Bir AraĢtırma”, Anatolia: Turizm AraĢtırmaları Dergisi, 25(1), 26-34.
18. KARAOĞLAN Yılmaz, F. G., Yılmaz, R., Özturk, H. T, Sezer, B. ve Karademir, T. (2015). “Cyberloafing as a Barrier to the Successful Integration of Information and Communication Technologies into Teaching and Learning Environments”, Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 290-298.
19. KIM, S. J. ve Byrne, S. (2011). “Conceptualizing Personal Web Usage in Work Contexts: A Preliminary Framework”, Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2271-2283.
20. KÖSE, S., Oral, L. ve Türesin, H. (2012). “ĠĢ YaĢamında Sosyal KolaylaĢtırma Kavramı ve Sanal Kaytarma ile ĠliĢkisi: AraĢtırma Görevlileri Üzerinde Bir AraĢtırma”, Sosyal ve BeĢeri Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 287-295.
21. LEE, Z., Lee, Y. ve Kim, Y. (2004). “Personal Web Usage in Organizations”, 28-45, içinde Personal Web Usage in the Workplace: A Guide to Effective Human Resources Management (editörler: M. Anandarajan ve C. Simmers), Information Science Publishing.
22. LIBERMAN, B. Seidman, McKenna, G. K. ve Buffardi, L. E. (2011). “Employee Job Attitudes and Organizational Characteristics as Predictors of Cyberloafing”, Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2192-2199.
23. LIM, V. K. G. (2002). “The IT Way of Loafing on the Job: Cyberloafing, Neutralizing and Organizational Justice”, Journal of Organizational Behavior. 23, 675-694.
24. LIM, V. K. G. ve Chen, J.Q. (2012). “Cyberloafing at the Workplace: Gain or Drain on Work?”, Behaviour and Information Technology, 31(4), 343-353.
25. LIM, V. K. G. ve Teo, T. S. H. (2005). “Prevalence, Perceived Seriousness, Justification and Regulation of Cyberloafing in Singapore An Exploratory Study”, Information and Management, 42, 1081-1093.
26. MAHATANANKOON, P., Anandarajan, M. ve Igbaria, M. (2004). “Development of a Measure of Personal Web Usage in the Workplace”, Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 7(1), 93-104.
27. MORAHAN-Martin, J. (2001). “Caught in the Web: Research and Criticism of Internet Abuse with Application to College Students”, içinde Learning and teaching on the World Wide Web, (editör: C. R. Wolfe), 191-219, Academic Pres, San Diego, CA, aktaran: Liberman, B. Seidman, McKenna, G. K. ve Buffardi, L. E. (2011) “Employee Job Attitudes and Organizational Characteristics as Predictors of Cyberloafing”, Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 2192-2199.
28. OZLER, D. E. ve Polat, G. (2012). “Cyberloafing Phenomenon in Organizations: Determinants and Impacts”, International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 4(2), 1-15.
29. ÖRÜCÜ, E. ve Yıldız, H. (2014). “ĠĢyerinde KiĢisel Ġnternet ve Teknoloji Kullanımı: Sanal Kaytarma”, Ege Akademik BakıĢ, 14(1), 99-114.
30. ÖZKALP, E., Aydın, U. ve Tekeli, S. (2012). “Sapkın Örgütsel DavranıĢlar ve ÇalıĢma YaĢamında Yeni Bir Olgu: Sanal Kaytarma (Cyberloafing) ve ĠĢ ĠliĢkilerine Etkileri”, Çimento ĠĢveren Dergisi, 26(2), 18-33.
31. POLZER-Debruyne, A. M. (2008). Psychological and Workplace Attributes that Influence Personal Web Use (PWU),YayınlanmamıĢ Doktora Tezi, Endüstiryel/Örgütsel Psikoloji, Massey Üniversitesi, New Zealand.
32. TING, Y. ve Grant, R. (2005). “Internet Usage of Local Government Employees: A Study of the Effect of Individual Preferences, Group Influences, and Administrative Factors”, The Social Science Journal, 42, 323-331.
33. UGRIN, J. C. ve Pearson, J. M. (2013). “The Effects of Sanctions and Stigmas on Cyberloafing”, Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 812-820.
34. UGRIN, J. C., Pearson, J. M. ve Odom, M. D. (2008). “Profiling Cyber-Slackers in the Workplace: Demographic, Cultural, and Workplace Factors”, Journal of Internet Commerce, 6(3), 75-89.
35. VITAK, J., Crouse, J. ve LaRose, R. (2011). “Personal Internet Use at Work: Understanding Cyberslacking”, Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 1751-1759.
36. WYATT, K. ve Philips, G. J. (2005). “Internet Use and Misuse in The Workplace”, Proceedings of OZCHI, November 23-25, 2005, Canberra, Australia.
37. WEATHERBEE, T.G. (2010). “Counterproductive Use of Technology at Work: Information and Communications Technologies and Cyberdeviancy”, Human Resource Management Review, 20,35-44.
38. YOUNG, K. S. (1996). “Internet Addiction: The Emerge of a New Clinical Disorder”, Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
39. ZHANG, D., Oh, L. B. ve Teo, H. H. (2006). “An Experimental Study of the Factors Influencing Non-Work Related Use of IT Resources at Workplace”, Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.