TO BE A MASTER OR BETTER THAN OTHERS? A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK REGARDING THE MULTIPLE ACHIEVEMENT GOALS

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 483 - 498, 30.04.2018

Tuğba Erhan İlker Çarıkçı Ali Alparslan

Öz

Individuals should have specific goal identification to be successful in a motivational manner. As the center of their goal identification some may choose to be a master in a field that they love, feel competent or free on the other hand, some may choose to do better scores or show comparatively better performance in their existing environments than the others. Outcome based performance goals; may narrow down the focus on the tasks that individuals have been doing or create a ceiling effect. Individual who focuses on the result may underestimate the quality of the process and less learning may be actualized. For this reason, rather than increasing the number of performance based achievements, organizations and societies should encourage the mastery based achievements.
However, rapidly changing socio-economic conditions may require individuals to have more than one achievement goal orientation. In this respect having more than one achievement goal orientation may seem adaptive to twenty-first century’s competitive conditions. In this study, theoretical framework of achievement goals regarding the performance and mastery dimensions have been pointed out. Besides it has also been emphasized that the pursuit of performance and mastery goals at the same time might be possible. Furthermore this study has shed a light on having individuals with mastery goal orientation play a significant role on the progress of societies and increases the levels of development in the long run.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Goals, Achievement Goals, Multiple Goal Pursuit, Mastery, Performance

USTA OLMAK MI DİĞERLERİNDEN DAHA İYİ OLMAK MI? ÇOKLU BAŞARI HEDEFLERİNE DAİR TEORİK ÇERÇEVE

Öz

Bireylerin motive biçimde başarılı olmaları için belirgin bir hedef kimliğine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Kimilerinin hayatta merkeze koydukları hedef kimliği sevdiği, yeterlilik hissettiği ve özgür olabildiği bir alanda usta olabilmekken, kimilerinin hedef kimliği ise var olduğu ortamda diğerlerinden daha iyi skor üretebilmek, kıyaslamalı olarak kendini diğerlerine göre daha iyi performans üretebilmektir. Sonuç odaklı olan performans hedefleri; kişilerin yaptıkları işte odaklarını daraltarak veya tavan etkisi oluşturmaktadır. Sonuca odaklanan birey sürecin kalitesini önemsemeyebilmekte ve daha az öğrenme gerçekleşebilmektedir. Bu yüzden örgütler ve toplumlar performans temelli başarıların sayısını arttırmak yerine ustalık temelli başarıları desteklemelidir. Ancak hızla değişen sosyo-ekonomik şartlar bireylerin birden fazla başarı hedef yönelimine sahip olmalarını gerektirebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda birden fazla başarı hedef yönelimine sahip olmak 21.yüzyılın rekabetçi şartlarına uyumlu görünebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; başarı hedeflerinin performans ve ustalık boyutlarına ilişkin kavramsal çerçeve belirtilmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra performans ve ustalık hedeflerinin aynı anda takip edilebileceğinin de mümkün olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ustalık hedef yönelimine sahip bireylerin toplumların kalkınmasında önemli rol oynadığına ve uzun vadede gelişmişlik düzeylerini arttıracağına ışık tutmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hedefler, Başarı Hedefleri, Çoklu Hedef Takibi, Ustalık, Performans

Kaynakça

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