Araştırma Makalesi
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AN INVESTIGATION OF THE PROPENSITY OF POTENTIAL DECISION MAKERS’ UNETHICAL DECISION MAKING: IN TERMS OF FRAUD TRIANGLE AND VALUES

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 1389 - 1408, 30.10.2018

Öz

Ethical issues have received increasing attention in the business and financial community in recent years. Many researchers have highlighted the financial fraud but few have addressed the relationship between ethical values, fraud triangle and ethical decision making. Ethical decision is not easy to make depending on the situation and perceptual differences in how individuals experience and understand situations can explain many ethical disagreements. Accordingly, the purpose of this study to investigate the perceptions of university students with respect to ethical issues in their decision making behaviors. Our study built on paper and pencil questionnaire applied to 400 students from business and other departments. Our research aims to investigate the relations between ethical values, financial fraud triangle and ethical decision making and to extend our knowledge of the financial fraud triangle by identifying it as a mechanism used to avoid or reduce the negative affect that accompanies performing an unethical behavior. In addition, how demographic factors such as gender, department, class, work experience do affect these relationships will be investigated. We also suggest avenues for future research into the relations between ethical vaulues, financial fraud and, organizational decision making within organizations.

Kaynakça

  • AKAAH, I. P., & Lund, D. (1994). The influence of personal and organizational values on marketing professionals' ethical behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 13(6), 417-430.
  • AKBABA, A., & Erenler, E. (2011). Etik karar verme ve cinsiyet farklılıkları üzerine bir araştırma. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, 31, 447.
  • ALBRECHT, W. S., Albrecht, C. O., Albrecht, C. C., & Zimbelman, M. F. (2009). Fraud examination. Cengage Learning.
  • ALBRECHT, W. S., Albrecht, C., & C., A. C. (2008). Current Trends in Fraud and its Detection. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective, 2-12.
  • ASHFORTH, B. E., & Anand, V. (2003). The normalization of corruption in organizations. Research in organizational behavior, 25, 1-52.
  • ASLAN, A., & Kozak, M. (2006). Turizmde Gelisme ve Etik Sorunlari: Universite Ogrencileri Uzerine Bir Arastirma. Ege Academic Review, 6(1), 49-61.
  • BAGEAC, D., Furrer, O., & Reynaud, E. (2011). Management students’ attitudes toward business ethics: A comparison between France and Romania. Journal of Business Ethics, 98(3), 391-406.
  • BANDURA, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and social psychology review, 3(3), 193-209.
  • BANDURA, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of personality and social psychology, 71(2), 364.
  • BARNETT, T., Bass, K., & Brown, G. (1996). Religiosity, ethical ideology, and intentions to report a peer's wrongdoing. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(11), 1161-1174.
  • BOZKURT, N. (2009). İşletmelerin Kara Deliği, HİLE, Çalışan Hileleri. İstanbul: Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • BROWN, T. A., Sautter, J. A., Littvay, L., Sautter, A. C., & Bearnes, B. (2010). Ethics and personality: Empathy and narcissism as moderators of ethical decision making in business students. Journal of Education for Business, 85(4), 203-208.
  • BORKOWSKİ, S. C., & Ugras, Y. J. (1998). Business students and ethics: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(11), 1117-1127.
  • COENEN, T. L. (2008). Essentials of corporate fraud (Vol. 37). John Wiley & Sons. New Jersey
  • CHOO, F., & Tan, K. (2008). The effect of fraud triangle factors on students’ cheating behaviors. Advances in Accounting Education, 9, 205-220.
  • CRAFT, J. L. (2013). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 2004–2011. Journal of Business Ethics, 117(2), 221-259.
  • DAVIS, J. R., & Welton, R. E. (1991). Professional ethics: Business students' perceptions. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(6), 451-463.
  • DEMİR, Ö. (2003). İktisat ve ahlak. Liberte.
  • DORMINEY, J., Fleming, A., Kranacher, M.-J., & Riley, R. (2012). The Evolution of Fraud Theory. Issues In Accounting Education, 555-579.
  • FESTINGER, L. (1964). Conflict, decision, and dissonance (No. E50 772). Tavistock Publications
  • GAUTSCHI, F. H., & Jones, T. M. (1998). Enhancing the ability of business students to recognize ethical issues: An empirical assessment of the effectiveness of a course in business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(2), 205-216.
  • GEYER, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F.(2005). Religion, Morality, and Self-Control. In: Raymond F. P., and Crystal L. P. (eds) The Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. The Guilford Press: New York, 412–432.
  • GILMORE, Joseph B. & Richard Johnson,(2013), “The Fraud Diamond vs. Fraud Triangle Analytics: Evaluating “Capability” as a Modification for Auditing Unstructured Enterprise Data”.
  • GINO, F., Schweitzer, M. E., Mead, N. L., & Ariely, D. (2011). Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 191-203.
  • GOODPASTER, K., and J. Matthews. (1982), "Can a Corporation Have a Conscience?" Harvard Business Review 60(1): 132-141.
  • JONES, T. M. (1991). Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model. Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366–395.
  • HARTMAN, L. P., DesJardins, J. R., & MacDonald, C. (2008). Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • KIDWELL, J. M., Stevens, R. E., & Bethke, A. L. (1987). Differences in ethical perceptions between male and female managers: myth or reality?. journal of Business Ethics, 6(6), 489-493.
  • KISH-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 95, no. 1, 1-31
  • MOORE, R. S., & Radloff, S. E. (1996). Attitudes towards business ethics held by South African students. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(8), 863-869.
  • MURDOCK, H. (2008). The three dimensions of fraud: auditors should understand the needs, opportunities, and justifications that lead individuals to commit fraudulent acts. Internal Auditor, 65(4), 81-83.
  • MURPHY, P. R., & Dacin, M. T. (2011). Psychological pathways to fraud: Understanding and preventing fraud in organizations. Journal of business ethics, 101(4), 601-618.
  • NUNNALLY, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychological theory. New York, NY: MacGraw-Hill.
  • PALMER, D. (2008). Extending the process model of collective corruption. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 107-135.
  • PELİT, E., & Arslantürk, Y. (2011). Turizm işletmelerinin iş etiğine yönelik uygulamalarının çalışma yeri tercihindeki önemi: turizm öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1).
  • PHAU, I., & Kea, G. (2007). Attitudes of university students toward business ethics: a cross-national investigation of Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong. Journal of Business Ethics, 72(1), 61-75.
  • PODSAKOFF, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879.
  • PREBLE, J. F., & Reichel, A. (1988). Attitudes towards business ethics of future managers in the US and Israel. Journal of Business Ethics, 941-949.
  • RAGATZ, J. A. (2015). The Fraud Triangle Can Be an Ethics Crystal Ball. Insurance News Net Magazine. October 2015. 72-73
  • RAMAMOORTİ, S., III, D. E., Koletar, J. W., & Pope, K. R. (2013). ABC's of Behavioral Forensics: Applying Psychology to Financial Fraud Prevention and Detection. Canada: John Wiley & Sons.
  • REIDENBACH, R. E., & Robin, D. P. (1990). Toward the development of a multidimensional scale for improving evaluations of business ethics. Journal of business ethics, 9(8), 639-653.
  • SIMS, R. L., & Gegez, A. E. (2004). Attitudes towards business ethics: A five nation comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(3), 253-265.
  • SHEPARD, J. M., & Hartenian, L. S. (1991). Egoistic and ethical orientations of university students toward work-related decisions. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(4), 303-310.
  • SYKES, G. M., & Matza, D. (1957). Techniques of neutralization: A theory of delinquency. American sociological review, 22(6), 664-670.
  • TENBRUNSEL, A. E., & Messick, D. M. (2004). Ethical fading: The role of self-deception in unethical behavior. Social Justice Research, 17(2), 223-236.
  • TEVRÜZ, S. (2007). “Etik Yaklaşımlar ve İş Ahlakı”. Tevrüz, Suna (Ed.), İş Hayatında Etik, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım A.Ş., 2007.
  • VITELL, S. J., Bing, M. N., Davison, H. K., Ammeter, A. P., Garner, B. L., & Novicevic, M. M. (2009). Religiosity and moral identity: The mediating role of self-control. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(4), 601-613.
  • WEST, J., & Bhattacharya, M. (2016). Intelligent financial fraud detection: a comprehensive review. Computers & Security 57, 47-66.
  • YILMAZ, E. (2009). Öğretmenlerin değer tercihlerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(17), 109-128.
  • ZELL, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013). How religion can support self-control and moral behavior. In: Raymond F. P., and Crystal L. P. (eds) The Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. Second Edition, The Guilford Press: New York, 498-516.
  • ZIMBARDO, P. G. (1995). The psychology of evil: A situationist perspective on recruiting good people to engage in anti-social acts. Japanese Journal of Social Psychology, 11(2), 125-13

POTANSİYEL KARAR VERİCİLERİN ETİK DIŞI KARAR VERME EĞİLİMİNİN HİLE ÜÇGENİ VE DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 1389 - 1408, 30.10.2018

Öz

Etik konular son yıllarda işletme ve finans çevrelerinde artan bir ilgiyle karşılaşmaktadır. Birçok araştırmacı finansal hilenin önemini ifade etmesine karşılık çok azı hile üçgeni, etik değerler ve etik karar verme arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemiştir. Etik karar verme, karşılaşılan duruma bağlı olarak kolay değildir ve bireylerin duruma ilişkin deneyim ve anlayışlarındaki algısal farklılıklar birçok etik anlaşmazlıkları açıklayabilir. Buna göre bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin karar davranışlarındaki etik konularla ilgili algılamalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmamız İİBF ve diğer fakültelerde öğrenim görmekte olan 400 kişiye anket yoluyla uygulanmıştır. Çalışmamız etik değerler, hile üçgeni ve karar verme arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeyi ve etik dışı davranış gösterilirken oluşan negatif etkiyi ortadan kaldıran veya azaltan bir mekanizma olan hile üçgeni ile ilgili bilgiyi arttırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Buna ek olarak cinsiyet, okunan bölüm, sınıf, iş deneyimi gibi demografik değişkenlerin bu ilişkileri nasıl etkilediği incelenecektir. Araştırma sonuçlarının gelecekteki finansal hile, örgütsel karar verme ve etik değerler arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyen araştırmalara da katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • AKAAH, I. P., & Lund, D. (1994). The influence of personal and organizational values on marketing professionals' ethical behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 13(6), 417-430.
  • AKBABA, A., & Erenler, E. (2011). Etik karar verme ve cinsiyet farklılıkları üzerine bir araştırma. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, 31, 447.
  • ALBRECHT, W. S., Albrecht, C. O., Albrecht, C. C., & Zimbelman, M. F. (2009). Fraud examination. Cengage Learning.
  • ALBRECHT, W. S., Albrecht, C., & C., A. C. (2008). Current Trends in Fraud and its Detection. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective, 2-12.
  • ASHFORTH, B. E., & Anand, V. (2003). The normalization of corruption in organizations. Research in organizational behavior, 25, 1-52.
  • ASLAN, A., & Kozak, M. (2006). Turizmde Gelisme ve Etik Sorunlari: Universite Ogrencileri Uzerine Bir Arastirma. Ege Academic Review, 6(1), 49-61.
  • BAGEAC, D., Furrer, O., & Reynaud, E. (2011). Management students’ attitudes toward business ethics: A comparison between France and Romania. Journal of Business Ethics, 98(3), 391-406.
  • BANDURA, A. (1999). Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities. Personality and social psychology review, 3(3), 193-209.
  • BANDURA, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of personality and social psychology, 71(2), 364.
  • BARNETT, T., Bass, K., & Brown, G. (1996). Religiosity, ethical ideology, and intentions to report a peer's wrongdoing. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(11), 1161-1174.
  • BOZKURT, N. (2009). İşletmelerin Kara Deliği, HİLE, Çalışan Hileleri. İstanbul: Alfa Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • BROWN, T. A., Sautter, J. A., Littvay, L., Sautter, A. C., & Bearnes, B. (2010). Ethics and personality: Empathy and narcissism as moderators of ethical decision making in business students. Journal of Education for Business, 85(4), 203-208.
  • BORKOWSKİ, S. C., & Ugras, Y. J. (1998). Business students and ethics: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(11), 1117-1127.
  • COENEN, T. L. (2008). Essentials of corporate fraud (Vol. 37). John Wiley & Sons. New Jersey
  • CHOO, F., & Tan, K. (2008). The effect of fraud triangle factors on students’ cheating behaviors. Advances in Accounting Education, 9, 205-220.
  • CRAFT, J. L. (2013). A review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: 2004–2011. Journal of Business Ethics, 117(2), 221-259.
  • DAVIS, J. R., & Welton, R. E. (1991). Professional ethics: Business students' perceptions. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(6), 451-463.
  • DEMİR, Ö. (2003). İktisat ve ahlak. Liberte.
  • DORMINEY, J., Fleming, A., Kranacher, M.-J., & Riley, R. (2012). The Evolution of Fraud Theory. Issues In Accounting Education, 555-579.
  • FESTINGER, L. (1964). Conflict, decision, and dissonance (No. E50 772). Tavistock Publications
  • GAUTSCHI, F. H., & Jones, T. M. (1998). Enhancing the ability of business students to recognize ethical issues: An empirical assessment of the effectiveness of a course in business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(2), 205-216.
  • GEYER, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F.(2005). Religion, Morality, and Self-Control. In: Raymond F. P., and Crystal L. P. (eds) The Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. The Guilford Press: New York, 412–432.
  • GILMORE, Joseph B. & Richard Johnson,(2013), “The Fraud Diamond vs. Fraud Triangle Analytics: Evaluating “Capability” as a Modification for Auditing Unstructured Enterprise Data”.
  • GINO, F., Schweitzer, M. E., Mead, N. L., & Ariely, D. (2011). Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 191-203.
  • GOODPASTER, K., and J. Matthews. (1982), "Can a Corporation Have a Conscience?" Harvard Business Review 60(1): 132-141.
  • JONES, T. M. (1991). Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model. Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366–395.
  • HARTMAN, L. P., DesJardins, J. R., & MacDonald, C. (2008). Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • KIDWELL, J. M., Stevens, R. E., & Bethke, A. L. (1987). Differences in ethical perceptions between male and female managers: myth or reality?. journal of Business Ethics, 6(6), 489-493.
  • KISH-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 95, no. 1, 1-31
  • MOORE, R. S., & Radloff, S. E. (1996). Attitudes towards business ethics held by South African students. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(8), 863-869.
  • MURDOCK, H. (2008). The three dimensions of fraud: auditors should understand the needs, opportunities, and justifications that lead individuals to commit fraudulent acts. Internal Auditor, 65(4), 81-83.
  • MURPHY, P. R., & Dacin, M. T. (2011). Psychological pathways to fraud: Understanding and preventing fraud in organizations. Journal of business ethics, 101(4), 601-618.
  • NUNNALLY, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychological theory. New York, NY: MacGraw-Hill.
  • PALMER, D. (2008). Extending the process model of collective corruption. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 107-135.
  • PELİT, E., & Arslantürk, Y. (2011). Turizm işletmelerinin iş etiğine yönelik uygulamalarının çalışma yeri tercihindeki önemi: turizm öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1).
  • PHAU, I., & Kea, G. (2007). Attitudes of university students toward business ethics: a cross-national investigation of Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong. Journal of Business Ethics, 72(1), 61-75.
  • PODSAKOFF, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879.
  • PREBLE, J. F., & Reichel, A. (1988). Attitudes towards business ethics of future managers in the US and Israel. Journal of Business Ethics, 941-949.
  • RAGATZ, J. A. (2015). The Fraud Triangle Can Be an Ethics Crystal Ball. Insurance News Net Magazine. October 2015. 72-73
  • RAMAMOORTİ, S., III, D. E., Koletar, J. W., & Pope, K. R. (2013). ABC's of Behavioral Forensics: Applying Psychology to Financial Fraud Prevention and Detection. Canada: John Wiley & Sons.
  • REIDENBACH, R. E., & Robin, D. P. (1990). Toward the development of a multidimensional scale for improving evaluations of business ethics. Journal of business ethics, 9(8), 639-653.
  • SIMS, R. L., & Gegez, A. E. (2004). Attitudes towards business ethics: A five nation comparative study. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(3), 253-265.
  • SHEPARD, J. M., & Hartenian, L. S. (1991). Egoistic and ethical orientations of university students toward work-related decisions. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(4), 303-310.
  • SYKES, G. M., & Matza, D. (1957). Techniques of neutralization: A theory of delinquency. American sociological review, 22(6), 664-670.
  • TENBRUNSEL, A. E., & Messick, D. M. (2004). Ethical fading: The role of self-deception in unethical behavior. Social Justice Research, 17(2), 223-236.
  • TEVRÜZ, S. (2007). “Etik Yaklaşımlar ve İş Ahlakı”. Tevrüz, Suna (Ed.), İş Hayatında Etik, İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım A.Ş., 2007.
  • VITELL, S. J., Bing, M. N., Davison, H. K., Ammeter, A. P., Garner, B. L., & Novicevic, M. M. (2009). Religiosity and moral identity: The mediating role of self-control. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(4), 601-613.
  • WEST, J., & Bhattacharya, M. (2016). Intelligent financial fraud detection: a comprehensive review. Computers & Security 57, 47-66.
  • YILMAZ, E. (2009). Öğretmenlerin değer tercihlerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(17), 109-128.
  • ZELL, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013). How religion can support self-control and moral behavior. In: Raymond F. P., and Crystal L. P. (eds) The Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. Second Edition, The Guilford Press: New York, 498-516.
  • ZIMBARDO, P. G. (1995). The psychology of evil: A situationist perspective on recruiting good people to engage in anti-social acts. Japanese Journal of Social Psychology, 11(2), 125-13
Toplam 51 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Meryem Aybas Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6133-7238

Cebrail Meydan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-5747-646X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Aybas, M., & Meydan, C. (2018). POTANSİYEL KARAR VERİCİLERİN ETİK DIŞI KARAR VERME EĞİLİMİNİN HİLE ÜÇGENİ VE DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(4), 1389-1408.