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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS AND TOURISM: TURKEY TOURISM 4.0 SWOT ANALYSIS AND PROPOSAL FOR ADAPTATION PROCESS

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı, 1623 - 1638, 30.12.2018

Öz

The industrial revolution, which emerged in Europe in 1800s, has evolved three times with the developing technologies and innovations over the years, and has now evolved into the fourth time under the name of Industry 4.0. The industrial revolutions that have been experienced over the years have affected almost all industries as well as the tourism industry. Therefore, researches related to the Industry 4.0 process began to attract the attention of researchers. The aim of this study is to examine evaluations in the tourism industry in the industrial revolutions and to give proposals to tourism industry for adaptation to Industry 4.0 with SWOT analysis. In the paper, expected changes in the tourism-related sectors have been identified. In this content, SWOT analysis of Turkey Tourism 4.0 has been done conducted. According to findings, proposals towards Industry 4.0 implementations have been developed for tourism managers and policy makers.

Kaynakça

  • AIRBNB (2018). https://www.airbnb. com.tr 28.08.2018.
  • ALEXIS, P. (2017). “R-Tourism: Introducing the Potential Impact of Robotics and Service Automation in Tourism”, Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, XVII(1), 211-216.
  • ATKESON, A. ve KEHOE, P.J. (2001). The Transition to a New Economy After the Second Industrial Revolution. Nber Working Paper No. 8676, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge.
  • BECKERSON, J. ve WALTON, J.K. (2005). “Selling Air: Marketing the Intangible at British Resorts”, s. 55-68, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • BLINDER, A. S. (2006). “Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?”, Foreign Affairs, 85(2): 113-128.
  • BOES, K., BUHALIS, D. ve INVERSINI, A. (2015). “Conceptualising Smart Tourism Destination Dimensions”, s. 391-404, (Ed.) TUSSYADIAH, I. ve INVERSINI, A., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015, Springer, Vienna.
  • BUHALIS, D. ve AMARANGGANA, A. (2014). “Smart Tourism Destinations”, s. 553-564, (Ed.) XIANG, Z. ve TUSSYADIAH, I., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014, Springer, Vienna.
  • CAN, B.K., YEŞİLYURT, H., LALE SANCAKTAR, C. ve KOÇAK, N. (2017). “Mobil Çağda Mobil Uygulamalar: Türkiye’deki Yerli Otel Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Durum Tespiti”, Journal of Yaşar University, 12(45): 60-75.
  • CARAGLIU, A., DEL BO, C. D. ve NIJKAMP, P. (2011). “Smart Cities in Europe”, Journal of Urban Technology. 18(2): 65-82.
  • COTTELER, M, ve SNIDERMAN, B. (2017). Forces of Change: Industry 4.0., Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, New York.
  • CRAFTS, N.F.R. (1996). “The First Industrial Revolution: A Guided Tour for Growth Economists”, The American Economic Review, 86(2): 197-201.
  • ÇELİK, P. ve TOPSAKAL, Y. (2017). “Akıllı Turizm Destinasyonları: Antalya Destinasyonunun Akıllı Turizm Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi”, Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 14(3): 149-166.
  • DOMINGUEZ, C.D., HERNANDEZ, R.M., TALAVERA, A.S. ve LOPEZ, E.P. (2015). “Strategic Determinants in the Theoretical Framework of the "Smart Islands”: The Case of the Island of El Hierro”, t-FORUM Global Conference: Tourism Intelligence in Action, (s. 1-28). Naples, Italy.
  • DÜNYA EKONOMİK FORUMU (2016). “The Future of Jobs Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. World Economic Forum Survey Report”, http://www3.weforum. org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf 22.07.2017.
  • ENZENSBERGER, H.M. (1996). “A Theory of Tourism. New German Critique”, No. 68, Special Issue on Literature, 68(Spring – Summer): 117-135.
  • ESEN M.F. ve TÜRKAY B. (2017). “Turizm Endüstrilerinde Büyük Veri Kullanımı”, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 5(4): 92-115.
  • GIERCZAK, B. (2011). “The History of Tourist Transport after the Modern Industrial Revolution”, Polish Journal of Sport Tourism, 18(4): 275-281.
  • GRETZEL, U., REINO, S., KOPERA, S. ve KOO, C. (2015b). “Smart Tourism Challenges”, Journal of Tourism, 16(1): 41-47.
  • GRETZEL, U., WERTHNER, H., KOO, C. ve LAMSFUS, C. (2015a). “Conceptual Foundations for Understanding Smart Tourism Ecosystems”, Computers in Human Behavior, 50(C): 558-563.
  • GUO, Y., LIU, H. ve CHAI, Y. (2014). “The Embedding Convergence of Smart Cities and Tourism İnternet of Things in China: An Advance Perspective”, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 2(1): 54-69.
  • HENN NA HOTEL (2018). http://www.h-n-h.jp/en/ 28.08.2018.
  • HWANG, J., PARK, H.Y. ve HUNTER, W.C. (2015). “Constructivism in Smart Tourism Research: Seoul Destination Image”, Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 25(1): 163-181
  • IVANOV, S., WEBSTER, C. ve GARENKO, A. (2018). “Young Russian Adults' Attitudes Towards the Potential Use of Robots in Hotels”, Journal of Technology in Society, doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.06.004.
  • JANICKE, M. ve JACOB, K. (2009). A Third Industrial Revolution? Solutions to the Crisis of Resource-intensive Growth, Environmental Policy Research Centre, Freie Universitat, Berlin.
  • KIPRUTTO, N., KIGIO, F.W. ve RIUNGU, G.K. (2011). “Evidence on the Adoption of e-Tourism Technologies in Nairobi”, Global Journal of Business Research, 5(3): 55-66.
  • KRAMER, R., MODSCHING, M., HAGEN, K. ve GRETZEL, U. (2007). “Behavioural Impacts of Mobile Tour Guides”, s. 109-118, (Ed.) SIGALA,
  • M., MICH, L. ve MURPHY J., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007, Springer, Vienna.
  • LARRINAGA, C. (2005). “A Century of Tourism in Northern Spain: The Development of High-quality Provision between 1815 and 1914”, s. 88-103, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • LEIGHTON, D.S.R. (1970). “The Internationalization of American Business. The Third Industrial Revolution”, Journal of Marketing, 34(3): 3-6.
  • LICKORISH, L.J. ve JENKINS, C.L. (2006). An Introduction to Tourism, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford.
  • MACKENZIE, J.M. (2005). “Empires of Travel: British Guide Books and Cultural Imperialism in the 19th and 20th Centuries” s. 19-38, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • OUTMAN, J.L. ve OUTMAN, E.M. (2003). Industrial Revolution: Almanac, Thomson Learning, Farmington Hills.
  • ÖZEN, A. (2018). “Çok Dilli Kapadokya Mobil Turist Rehberliği Bilgi Sistemi Önerisi”, Verimlilik Dergisi, 1: 117-140.
  • ÖZGÜNEŞ, R.E. ve BOZOK, D. (2017). “Turizm Sektörünün Sanal Rakibi (Mi?): Arttırılmış Gerçeklik”, Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2): 146-160.
  • ÖZTÜRK, E. ve KOÇ, K.H. (2017). “Endüstri 4.0 ve Mobilya Endüstrisi”, İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3): 786-794.
  • PAGE, S.J. (2009). Tourism Management: Managing for Change, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford.
  • PETER, M.A. (2017). “Technological Unemployment: Educating for the Fourth Industrial Revolution”, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 49(1): 1-6.
  • RİFKİN, J. (2011). The Third Industrial Revolution: How Lateral Power is Transforming Energy, the Economy, and the World, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • ROBERTS, B.R. (2015). The Third Industrial Revolution: Implications for Planning Cities and Regions, Urban Frontiers Working Paper 1.
  • ROJKO, A. (2017). “Industry 4.0 Concept: Background and Overview”, International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 11(5): 77-90.
  • SAARI T., YOO Y. ve TUSSYADIAH I. (2008). “Emotions in Mobile Media-Assisted Tourist Experience”, 58th Annual International Communications Association Conference, 22-26 May 2008 Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
  • SCHLUND, S., HAMMERLE, M. ve STROLIN, T. (2014). How Automation and Digitization will Change Production, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart.
  • SOMMER, L. (2015). “Industrial Revolution - Industry 4.0: Are German Manufacturing SMEs the First Victims of this Revolution?”, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 8(5): 1512-1532.
  • TIEN, J.M. (2012). “The Next Industrial Revolution: Integrated Services and Goods”, Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 21(3): 257-296.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y. (2018). “Akıllı Turizm Kapsamında Engelli Dostu Mobil Hizmetler: Türkiye 4.0 İçin Öneriler”, Journal of Tourism Intelligence and Smartness, 1(1), 1-13.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y. ve ÇELİK, P. (2017). “Turizmde Yeni Bir Strateji: Akıllı Destinasyonlar”, s. 96-106, (Ed.) HAŞİT, G., ÇİFTÇİ, H. ve MERTER, M.E. Sosyo Ekonomik Stratejiler 1 İşletme, IJOPEC Publication, Londra.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y., YÜZBAŞIOĞLI, N. ve BAHAR, M. (2018). “Endüstri 4.0 Çağında ‘Akıllı’ Olma Yolunda Oteller İçin Öneriler”, 2. Uluslararası Turizmin Geleceği; İnovasyon, Girişimcilik ve Sürdürebilirlik Konferansı, 27-29 Eylül 2018, s. 252-256.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y., YÜZBAŞIOĞLU N. ve ÇELİK, P. (2018). “Yeni Nesil Turist Kartları: Antalya Destinasyonu Turist Kartı Önerisi”, Antalya Kitabı 1, Uluslararası Antalya Kongresi, 1-3 Mart 2018, s. 1322-1332.
  • WANG, D. , PARK, S. ve FESENMAIER, D.R. (2011). “An Examination of Information Services and Smartphone Applications”, 16th Annual Graduate Student Research Conference in Hospitality and Tourism, 6-8 January 2011, Houston, Texas.
  • WANG, D. , PARK, S. ve FESENMAIER, D.R. (2012). “The Role of Smartphones in Mediating the Touristic Experience”, Journal of Travel Research, 51(4): 371-387.
  • YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, N., ÇELİK, P., TOPSAKAL, Y. ve BAHAR, M. (2018). “Endüstri 4.0 ve Akıllı Turizm: Antalya Destinasyonu Akıllı Turist Rehberi Uygulama Geliştirilmesi”, Innovation and Global Issiues in Social Sciences III, 26-29 Nisan 2018, s. 707-718.
  • YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, N. TOPSAKAL, Y. ve MAULEN, A. (2018). “Review of Airbnb Market Share on the Eurasia Tourism and Hospitality”, 14th KIMEP International Research Conference, Mayıs 2018, s. 1-6.

ENDÜSTRİ DEVRİMLERİ VE TURİZM: TÜRKİYE TURİZM 4.0 SWOT ANALİZİ VE GEÇİŞ SÜRECİ ÖNERİLERİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı, 1623 - 1638, 30.12.2018

Öz

Avrupa’da 1800’lü yıllarda ortaya çıkan endüstri devrimi, yıllar içerisinde gelişen teknoloji ve inovasyonlar ile üç kez evrilmiş ve günümüzde dördüncü kez Endüstri 4.0 ismiyle tekrardan evrilmeye girmiştir. Yıllar içerisinde yaşanan endüstri devrimleri, hemen bütün endüstrileri derinden değiştirdiği gibi turizm endüstrisini de etkilemiş ve hem olumlu hem de olumsuz olarak ilerlemesine yol açmıştır. Bundan dolayı Endüstri 4.0 geçiş sürecine ilişkin araştırma ve çalışmalar, araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmeye başlamıştır. İlgili literatür incelendiğinde, örneğin Tarım 4.0 gibi ekonomik endüstriler ile ilgili çok sayıda çalışma mevcutken, Türkiye’de Turizm 4.0 ve geçiş süreciyle ilgili çalışmaların sınırlı sayıda olduğu gözlenmektedir Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı, geçmişten günümüze endüstri devrimlerinde turizm endüstrisinin nasıl bir değişim içine girdiğini incelemek ve bu doğrultuda Türkiye Turizm 4.0 için SWOT analizi yaparak Turizm 4.0’a geçiş sürecinde Türkiye turizmi için önerilerde bulunmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Endüstri 4.0 ile beraber turizm ile ilgili sektörleri bekleyen değişimler belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve bu kapsamda Türkiye Turizm 4.0 için SWOT analizi yapılarak turizm yöneticilerine ve politika yapıcılara uygulamaya dönük önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • AIRBNB (2018). https://www.airbnb. com.tr 28.08.2018.
  • ALEXIS, P. (2017). “R-Tourism: Introducing the Potential Impact of Robotics and Service Automation in Tourism”, Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, XVII(1), 211-216.
  • ATKESON, A. ve KEHOE, P.J. (2001). The Transition to a New Economy After the Second Industrial Revolution. Nber Working Paper No. 8676, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge.
  • BECKERSON, J. ve WALTON, J.K. (2005). “Selling Air: Marketing the Intangible at British Resorts”, s. 55-68, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • BLINDER, A. S. (2006). “Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?”, Foreign Affairs, 85(2): 113-128.
  • BOES, K., BUHALIS, D. ve INVERSINI, A. (2015). “Conceptualising Smart Tourism Destination Dimensions”, s. 391-404, (Ed.) TUSSYADIAH, I. ve INVERSINI, A., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2015, Springer, Vienna.
  • BUHALIS, D. ve AMARANGGANA, A. (2014). “Smart Tourism Destinations”, s. 553-564, (Ed.) XIANG, Z. ve TUSSYADIAH, I., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014, Springer, Vienna.
  • CAN, B.K., YEŞİLYURT, H., LALE SANCAKTAR, C. ve KOÇAK, N. (2017). “Mobil Çağda Mobil Uygulamalar: Türkiye’deki Yerli Otel Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Durum Tespiti”, Journal of Yaşar University, 12(45): 60-75.
  • CARAGLIU, A., DEL BO, C. D. ve NIJKAMP, P. (2011). “Smart Cities in Europe”, Journal of Urban Technology. 18(2): 65-82.
  • COTTELER, M, ve SNIDERMAN, B. (2017). Forces of Change: Industry 4.0., Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, New York.
  • CRAFTS, N.F.R. (1996). “The First Industrial Revolution: A Guided Tour for Growth Economists”, The American Economic Review, 86(2): 197-201.
  • ÇELİK, P. ve TOPSAKAL, Y. (2017). “Akıllı Turizm Destinasyonları: Antalya Destinasyonunun Akıllı Turizm Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi”, Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi, 14(3): 149-166.
  • DOMINGUEZ, C.D., HERNANDEZ, R.M., TALAVERA, A.S. ve LOPEZ, E.P. (2015). “Strategic Determinants in the Theoretical Framework of the "Smart Islands”: The Case of the Island of El Hierro”, t-FORUM Global Conference: Tourism Intelligence in Action, (s. 1-28). Naples, Italy.
  • DÜNYA EKONOMİK FORUMU (2016). “The Future of Jobs Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. World Economic Forum Survey Report”, http://www3.weforum. org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf 22.07.2017.
  • ENZENSBERGER, H.M. (1996). “A Theory of Tourism. New German Critique”, No. 68, Special Issue on Literature, 68(Spring – Summer): 117-135.
  • ESEN M.F. ve TÜRKAY B. (2017). “Turizm Endüstrilerinde Büyük Veri Kullanımı”, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 5(4): 92-115.
  • GIERCZAK, B. (2011). “The History of Tourist Transport after the Modern Industrial Revolution”, Polish Journal of Sport Tourism, 18(4): 275-281.
  • GRETZEL, U., REINO, S., KOPERA, S. ve KOO, C. (2015b). “Smart Tourism Challenges”, Journal of Tourism, 16(1): 41-47.
  • GRETZEL, U., WERTHNER, H., KOO, C. ve LAMSFUS, C. (2015a). “Conceptual Foundations for Understanding Smart Tourism Ecosystems”, Computers in Human Behavior, 50(C): 558-563.
  • GUO, Y., LIU, H. ve CHAI, Y. (2014). “The Embedding Convergence of Smart Cities and Tourism İnternet of Things in China: An Advance Perspective”, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 2(1): 54-69.
  • HENN NA HOTEL (2018). http://www.h-n-h.jp/en/ 28.08.2018.
  • HWANG, J., PARK, H.Y. ve HUNTER, W.C. (2015). “Constructivism in Smart Tourism Research: Seoul Destination Image”, Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 25(1): 163-181
  • IVANOV, S., WEBSTER, C. ve GARENKO, A. (2018). “Young Russian Adults' Attitudes Towards the Potential Use of Robots in Hotels”, Journal of Technology in Society, doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.06.004.
  • JANICKE, M. ve JACOB, K. (2009). A Third Industrial Revolution? Solutions to the Crisis of Resource-intensive Growth, Environmental Policy Research Centre, Freie Universitat, Berlin.
  • KIPRUTTO, N., KIGIO, F.W. ve RIUNGU, G.K. (2011). “Evidence on the Adoption of e-Tourism Technologies in Nairobi”, Global Journal of Business Research, 5(3): 55-66.
  • KRAMER, R., MODSCHING, M., HAGEN, K. ve GRETZEL, U. (2007). “Behavioural Impacts of Mobile Tour Guides”, s. 109-118, (Ed.) SIGALA,
  • M., MICH, L. ve MURPHY J., Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007, Springer, Vienna.
  • LARRINAGA, C. (2005). “A Century of Tourism in Northern Spain: The Development of High-quality Provision between 1815 and 1914”, s. 88-103, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • LEIGHTON, D.S.R. (1970). “The Internationalization of American Business. The Third Industrial Revolution”, Journal of Marketing, 34(3): 3-6.
  • LICKORISH, L.J. ve JENKINS, C.L. (2006). An Introduction to Tourism, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford.
  • MACKENZIE, J.M. (2005). “Empires of Travel: British Guide Books and Cultural Imperialism in the 19th and 20th Centuries” s. 19-38, (Ed.) WALTON, J.K., Histories of Tourism Representation, Identity and Conflict, Channel View Publications, Clevedon.
  • OUTMAN, J.L. ve OUTMAN, E.M. (2003). Industrial Revolution: Almanac, Thomson Learning, Farmington Hills.
  • ÖZEN, A. (2018). “Çok Dilli Kapadokya Mobil Turist Rehberliği Bilgi Sistemi Önerisi”, Verimlilik Dergisi, 1: 117-140.
  • ÖZGÜNEŞ, R.E. ve BOZOK, D. (2017). “Turizm Sektörünün Sanal Rakibi (Mi?): Arttırılmış Gerçeklik”, Uluslararası Türk Dünyası Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(2): 146-160.
  • ÖZTÜRK, E. ve KOÇ, K.H. (2017). “Endüstri 4.0 ve Mobilya Endüstrisi”, İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3): 786-794.
  • PAGE, S.J. (2009). Tourism Management: Managing for Change, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford.
  • PETER, M.A. (2017). “Technological Unemployment: Educating for the Fourth Industrial Revolution”, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 49(1): 1-6.
  • RİFKİN, J. (2011). The Third Industrial Revolution: How Lateral Power is Transforming Energy, the Economy, and the World, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • ROBERTS, B.R. (2015). The Third Industrial Revolution: Implications for Planning Cities and Regions, Urban Frontiers Working Paper 1.
  • ROJKO, A. (2017). “Industry 4.0 Concept: Background and Overview”, International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 11(5): 77-90.
  • SAARI T., YOO Y. ve TUSSYADIAH I. (2008). “Emotions in Mobile Media-Assisted Tourist Experience”, 58th Annual International Communications Association Conference, 22-26 May 2008 Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
  • SCHLUND, S., HAMMERLE, M. ve STROLIN, T. (2014). How Automation and Digitization will Change Production, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, Stuttgart.
  • SOMMER, L. (2015). “Industrial Revolution - Industry 4.0: Are German Manufacturing SMEs the First Victims of this Revolution?”, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 8(5): 1512-1532.
  • TIEN, J.M. (2012). “The Next Industrial Revolution: Integrated Services and Goods”, Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 21(3): 257-296.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y. (2018). “Akıllı Turizm Kapsamında Engelli Dostu Mobil Hizmetler: Türkiye 4.0 İçin Öneriler”, Journal of Tourism Intelligence and Smartness, 1(1), 1-13.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y. ve ÇELİK, P. (2017). “Turizmde Yeni Bir Strateji: Akıllı Destinasyonlar”, s. 96-106, (Ed.) HAŞİT, G., ÇİFTÇİ, H. ve MERTER, M.E. Sosyo Ekonomik Stratejiler 1 İşletme, IJOPEC Publication, Londra.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y., YÜZBAŞIOĞLI, N. ve BAHAR, M. (2018). “Endüstri 4.0 Çağında ‘Akıllı’ Olma Yolunda Oteller İçin Öneriler”, 2. Uluslararası Turizmin Geleceği; İnovasyon, Girişimcilik ve Sürdürebilirlik Konferansı, 27-29 Eylül 2018, s. 252-256.
  • TOPSAKAL, Y., YÜZBAŞIOĞLU N. ve ÇELİK, P. (2018). “Yeni Nesil Turist Kartları: Antalya Destinasyonu Turist Kartı Önerisi”, Antalya Kitabı 1, Uluslararası Antalya Kongresi, 1-3 Mart 2018, s. 1322-1332.
  • WANG, D. , PARK, S. ve FESENMAIER, D.R. (2011). “An Examination of Information Services and Smartphone Applications”, 16th Annual Graduate Student Research Conference in Hospitality and Tourism, 6-8 January 2011, Houston, Texas.
  • WANG, D. , PARK, S. ve FESENMAIER, D.R. (2012). “The Role of Smartphones in Mediating the Touristic Experience”, Journal of Travel Research, 51(4): 371-387.
  • YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, N., ÇELİK, P., TOPSAKAL, Y. ve BAHAR, M. (2018). “Endüstri 4.0 ve Akıllı Turizm: Antalya Destinasyonu Akıllı Turist Rehberi Uygulama Geliştirilmesi”, Innovation and Global Issiues in Social Sciences III, 26-29 Nisan 2018, s. 707-718.
  • YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, N. TOPSAKAL, Y. ve MAULEN, A. (2018). “Review of Airbnb Market Share on the Eurasia Tourism and Hospitality”, 14th KIMEP International Research Conference, Mayıs 2018, s. 1-6.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yunus Topsakal Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3202-5539

Nedim Yüzbaşıoğlu Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-6079-9980

Murat Çuhadar Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0434-1550

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 23 Sayı: Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı

Kaynak Göster

APA Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N., & Çuhadar, M. (2018). ENDÜSTRİ DEVRİMLERİ VE TURİZM: TÜRKİYE TURİZM 4.0 SWOT ANALİZİ VE GEÇİŞ SÜRECİ ÖNERİLERİ. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(Endüstri 4.0 ve Örgütsel Değişim Özel Sayısı), 1623-1638.