TÜRKİYE'DE DOĞRUDAN YABANCI SERMAYE YATIRIMLARININ İSTİHDAM VE İNSAN KAYNAKLARINA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 84 - 100, 30.12.2024

Fatma Özmen , Yelda Tonga

Öz

Küreselleşmenin etkisiyle özellikle 1980’li yıllardan itibaren dünya genelinde yaygınlaşan doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY), ülkelerin büyüme ve kalkınmasında kritik bir öneme sahip olmuştur. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ihtiyaç duydukları temel yatırım unsurları; teknolojik yenilikler, sermaye birikimi, sanayi açısından gelişmişlik, istihdam olanakları ve dış ticaret açığının azaltılmasında önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Türkiye, ekonomik açıdan büyüme ve kalkınma için gerekli olan dış finansman kaynaklarının tedarikinde doğrudan yabancı yatırımları desteklemiştir. Gelişme yolunda önemli bir koşul olarak görülen bu yatırımları arttırmak ekonomik politikaların hedefleri arasındadır. Bu amaçla seçilmiş göstergeler ile doğrudan yatırımlar arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulursa söz konusu hedefler daha iyi belirlenebilecektir. Bu çalışmada 2011:04 – 2023:10 dönemine ait 151 gözlemden oluşan aylık verilerden yararlanılmıştır. Türkiye’ye gelen doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, istihdam ve sanayi üretim endeksi ilişkileri test edilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle durağanlık analizi için ADF testi yapılmış akabinde ARDL sınır testi ile değişkenler analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen ampirik bulgulara göre değişkenler arasında uzun dönemde eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu ancak istihdam ile DYY arasında negatif bir ilişkinin varlığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım, İstihdam, Sanayi Üretim Endeksi

THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS ON EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCES IN TURKEY

Öz

Globalization, especially since the 1980s, has become widespread worldwide, and foreign direct investments (FDI) have started to play a critical role in the growth and development of countries. In particular, the essential investment elements for meeting the needs of developing countries—technological developments, capital returns, industrial sector development, consumption opportunities, and foreign trade deficit reduction—make significant contributions. Türkiye has supported foreign direct investments as a means of providing the external financing required for economic growth and development. The dimensions of these investments, seen as a crucial condition for the development process, are included in the scope of economic policies. If the relationship between these targeted indicators and direct investments is revealed, these targets can be better determined. This study used monthly data consisting of 151 observations from April 2011 to October 2023. The relationships between foreign direct investments coming to Türkiye, employment, and industrial production were tested. In the study, firstly, the ADF test was performed for stationarity analysis, then variables were analyzed with the ARDL bounds test. According to the empirical findings obtained from the analysis, there is cointegration between the variables in the long run, but a negative correlation persists between employment and FDI.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Foreign direct investment, employment, industrial production index

Kaynakça

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