THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF miRNA PROFILES IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME

Öz

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder associated with other symptoms. It is mainly characterized by pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Many other genetic, immunological, and hormonal factors play an important role in the etiology of fibromyalgia. This pathological condition affects approximately 3-10% of the population. The incidence of the disease is more often in women. Women show more severe symptoms and lower pain threshold than men. Therefore, most of the research has focused on female subjects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate at least 30% of human genes. In recent years, miRNAs have been identified as important modulators of gene expression in disease processes and physiological pathways. However, each microRNA may be responsible for regulation of hundreds of genes. miRNAs inhibit the gene expression after transcription through inhibition of translation or degradation of target messenger RNA. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of miRNAs in FMS disease. According to the studies, some miRNA expression levels were changed in FMS patients. The presence of microRNAs in different cellular compartments and their extracellular stability make them interesting candidate biomarkers for better understanding the etiology of complex diseases such as FMS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fibromyalgia
• miRNA
• biomarkers

FİBROMİYALJİ SENDROMU OLAN HASTALARDA miRNA PROFİLLERİNİN ROLÜ VE ÖNEMİ

Öz

Fibromiyalji sendromu (FMS), diğer semptomlarla ilişkili kronik kas-iskelet sistemi ağrı bozukluğudur. Esas olarak ağrı, yorgunluk ve uyku bozukluğu ile karakterizedir. Fibromiyaljinin etiyolojisinde genetik, immünolojik ve hormonal birçok faktör önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu patolojik durum popülasyonun yaklaşık %3-10'unu etkilemektedir. Görülme sıklığı açısından, kadınlarda erkeklerden daha fazla görülmektedir. Kadınlar erkeklerden daha şiddetli belirtiler ve daha düşük ağrı eşiği göstermektedir. Bu yüzden araştırmaların çoğu kadın deneklere odaklanmıştır. MikroRNA'lar (miRNA), insan genlerinin en az %30' unu düzenlemektedirler. Son yıllarda miRNA’lar hastalık süreçlerinde ve fizyolojik yolaklarda gen ekspresyonunun önemli modülatörleri olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte her miRNA yüzlerce genin regülasyonundan sorumlu olabilir. miRNA’lar translasyonun engellenmesi veya hedef haberci RNA'nın yıkımı yoluyla transkripsiyon sonrası gen ekspresyonunu inhibe ederler. Bu derlemenin amacı miRNA’ların FMS hastalığındaki rolünü tartışmaktır. Yapılan çalışmalara göre, FMS hastalarında bazı miRNA ekspresyon düzeylerinin değiştiği saptanmıştır. Farklı hücresel bölmelerdeki miRNA'ların varlığı ve hücre dışı ortamdaki kararlılıkları, FMS gibi karmaşık hastalıkların etiyolojisini daha iyi anlamak için onları ilgi çekici aday biyobelirteçler yapmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fİbromyalji
• miRNA
• biyobelirteç

Kaynakça

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