Derim Sonrası Farklı Dozlarda Kekik ve Lavanta Yağının Fuji Elma Çeşidinin Kalite Korunumu Üzerine Etkileri
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 64 - 69, 06.12.2022
Elif Güner
,
Yasemin Evrenosoğlu
,
Kerem Mertoğlu
Öz
Daralan tarım alanlarının aksine sürekli artış eğilimi gösteren nüfus sebebiyle, tarımsal üretimde hasat öncesi ve hasat sonrası kayıpların minimuma indirgenmesi oldukça önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada yüksek etilen üretimine sahip elma türünün ‘Fuji’ çeşidine ait meyvelerde, hasat sonrası kayıpların minimize edilmesi amaçlanarak, kekik ve lavanta yağı uygulanmış ve sonuçlar bakımından bu amaçla ticari olarak en yaygın kullanıma sahip 1-MCP’ye alternatif olabilme imkanları araştırılmıştır. Ağırlık kaybı bakımından kısa ve orta vadede umut verici sonuçlar alınsa da, uygulamaların etkinliği, muhafaza süresinin artışı ile düşüş göstermiştir. 9 aylık muhafaza süresinin sonunda kontrol grubunda yaklaşık %34.6’lık oranda meyve ağırlığı kaybının gerçekleştiği tespit edilirken, ümitvar görülen 400 ppm kekik ile 500 ve 600 ppm lavanta uygulamalarında ise bu değerler sırası ile %23.6, %26.4 ve %27.5 olarak tespit edilmiş olup, 1-MCP (%27.5) ile benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Depolama öncesi %0.33 olarak belirlenen titre edilebilir asitlik (TEA), kontrol grubunda, depolama süresi boyunca düzenli düşüş göstererek, depolama süresi sonunda %0.13 olarak ölçülmüştür. Suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM), beklenildiği şekilde, muhafazanın erken döneminde yükselme göstermiş, devamında ise sürekli azalış gözlemlenmiştir. Dokuz aylık muhafaza sonuçları doğrultusunda, SÇKM ve TEA kaybının minimuma indirgenmesinde, 400 ppm kekik ve 500 ppm lavanta uygulamasının ümitvar olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. İncelenen tüm özellikler bakımından 400 ppm kekik ve 500 ppm lavanta uygulamasının, hasat sonrası kayıpları azaltmak maksadı ile 1-MCP’ye alternatif olabilecekleri söylenebilir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi (BAP)
Proje Numarası
201723A124
Teşekkür
Çalışma, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu tarafından 201723A124 numaralı proje ile desteklenmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Aktepe, B. P., Mertoğlu, K., Evrenosoğlu, Y., & Aysan, Y. (2019). Farklı bitki uçucu yağların Erwinia amylovora’ya karşı antibakteriyel etkisinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 34-41.
- Ansarifar, E., & Moradinezhad, F. (2021). Preservation of strawberry fruit quality via the use of active packaging with encapsulated thyme essential oil in zein nanofiber film. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(9), 4239-4247.
- Antunes, M. D. C. & Cavaco, A. M. (2010). The use of essential oils for postharvest decay control: A review. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 25, 351-366.
- Espitia, P. J. P., Soares, N. D. F. F., Botti, L. C. M., Melo, N. R. D., Pereira, O. L., & Silva, W. A. D. (2012). Assessment of the efficiency of essential oils in the preservation of postharvest papaya in an antimicrobial packaging system. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 15, 333-342.
- İnanlı, A. G. & Kuzgun, N.K. (2012). Uçucu Yağlarla zenginleştirilmiş kitosan filmlerin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Gıda Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 7(1), 28-35.
- İşcan, G. (2002). Umbelliferae familyasına ait bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 74.
- Karaçalı, İ. (2012). Bahçe ürünlerinin muhafaza ve pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494.
- Kurubaş, M. S. & Erkan, M. (2018). Impacts of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of 'Ankara' pears during long-term storage. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 42(2), 88-96.
- Li, C. X., Zhao, X. H., Zuo, W. F., Zhang, T. L., Zhang, Z. Y., & Chen, X. S. (2020). Phytochemical profiles, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities of four red‐fleshed apple varieties in China. Journal of Food Science, 85(3), 718-726.
- Maria, A., Avena-Bustillos, J., Olsen, C., Friedman, M., Henika, P.R., Martin-Belloso, O., Pan, Z. & Mchugh, T.H. (2007). Effects of plant essential oils and oil compounds on mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of alginate-apple puree edible films. Journal of Food Engineering, 81, 634-641.
- Mertoğlu, K., Eskimez, I., Polat, M., Okatan, V., Korkmaz, N., Gülbandılar, A., & Bulduk, I. (2021). Determination of anti-microbial and phyto-chemical characteristics of some blackberry cultivars. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30(2A), 1789-1795.
- Mohammed, E. T. & Mustafa, Y. F. (2020). Coumarins from Red Delicious apple seeds: Extraction, phytochemical analysis, and evaluation as antimicrobial agents. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 11(2), 64-70.
- Öz, A.T. & Süfer, Ö. (2012). Meyve ve sebzelerde hasat sonrası kalite üzerine yenilebilir film ve kaplamaların etkisi. Akademik Gıda, 10(1), 85-91.
- Peng, Y. & Li, Y. (2014). Combined effects of two kinds of essential oils on physical, mechanical and structural properties of chitosan films. Food Hydrocolloids, 36, 287-293.
- Polat, M., Mertoglu, K., Eskimez, I. & Okatan, V. (2020). Effects of the fruiting period and growing seasons on market quality in goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.). Folia Horticulturae, 32(2), 1-11.
- Rabiei, V., Shirzadeh, E., Angourani, R.H. & Sharafi, Y. (2011). Effect of thyme and lavender essential oils on the qualitative and quantitative traits and storage life of apple ‘Jonagold’ cultivar. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(23), 5522-5527.
- Sakar E., Ünver H., Taş A. & Ak B. E. (2014). Meyvelerde 1-MCP(1-methlylcyclopropene)’nin kullanım olanakları. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 46-52.
Sangsuwan, J., Pongsapakworawat, T., Bangmo, P. & Sutthasupa, S. (2016). Effect of chitosan beads incorporated with lavender or red thyme essential oils in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and their application in strawberry packaging system. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 74, 14-20.
- Selcuk, N. & Erkan, M. (2015). The effects of 1-MCP treatment on fruit quality of medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L. cv. Istanbul) during long term storage in the palliflex storage system. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 100, 81-90.
- Shirzadeh E. & Kazemi M. (2012). Effect of essential oils treatments on quality characteristic of apple (Malus domestica var. Gala) During Storage. Trends in Applied Sciences Reserarch, 7(7): 584-589.
- Sumalan, R. M., Kuganov, R., Obistioiu, D., Popescu, I., Radulov, I., Alexa, E., Negrea, M., Salimzode, A. F., Sumalan, R. L., & Cocan, I. (2020). Assessment of mint, basil, and lavender essential oil vapor-phase in antifungal protection and lemon fruit quality. Molecules, 25(8), 1831.
- Tural, S. & Turhan, S. (2017). Properties and antioxidant capacity of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) by-product protein films containing thyme essential oil. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 55(1), 77-85.
- Vilaplana, R., Pérez-Revelo, K. & Valencia-Chamorro, S. (2018). Essential oils as an alternative postharvest treatment to control fusariosis, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, in fresh pineapples (Ananas comosus). Scientia Horticulturae, 238, 255-263.
- Vu, K. D., Hollingsworth, R. G., Leroux, E., Salmieri, S., & Lacroix, M. (2011). Development of edible bioactive coating based on modified chitosan for increasing the shelf life of strawberries. Food Research International, 44(1), 198-203.
- Wandjou, J. G. N., Lancioni, L., Barbalace, M. C., Hrelia, S., Papa, F., Sagratini, G., Vittori, S., Dall'Acqua, S., Caprioli, G., Beghelli, D., Angeloni, C., Lupidi, G., & Maggi, F. (2020). Comprehensive characterization of phytochemicals and biological activities of the Italian ancient apple ‘Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini’. Food Research International, 137, 109422.
The Effects of Different Doses of Thyme and Lavender Oil on Quality Preservation in Apple (cv. Fuji) After Harvest
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 64 - 69, 06.12.2022
Elif Güner
,
Yasemin Evrenosoğlu
,
Kerem Mertoğlu
Öz
Contrary to the shrinking agricultural lands, it becomes very important to minimize the pre-harvest and post-harvest losses in agricultural production due to the constantly increasing population. In this study, thyme and lavender oil were applied to the fruits of the 'Fuji' variety of apple species with high ethylene production, with the aim of minimizing post-harvest losses, and the possibilities of being an alternative to 1-MCP, which is the most widely used commercially, were investigated in terms of results. Although promising results were obtained in the short and medium term in terms of weight loss, the effectiveness of the applications decreased with the increase in storage time. At the end of the 9-month storage period, it was determined that approximately 34.6% of fruit weight loss occurred in the control group, while these values were determined as 23.6%, 26.4% and 27.5% in the promising 400 ppm thyme, 500 and 600 ppm lavender applications, and similar results were obtained with 1-MCP (27.5%). Titratable acidity (TEA), which was determined as 0.33% before storage, showed a regular decrease during the storage period and was measured as 0.13% at the end of the storage period in the control group. As expected, the water-soluble dry matter increased in the early period of storage and decreased continuously afterwards. In line with the nine-month storage results, it was concluded that 400 ppm thyme and 500 ppm lavender applications are promising in minimizing the loss of SÇKM and TEA. In terms of all the properties examined, it can be said that 400 ppm thyme and 500 ppm lavender applications can be alternatives to 1-MCP in order to reduce post-harvest losses.
Proje Numarası
201723A124
Kaynakça
- Aktepe, B. P., Mertoğlu, K., Evrenosoğlu, Y., & Aysan, Y. (2019). Farklı bitki uçucu yağların Erwinia amylovora’ya karşı antibakteriyel etkisinin belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 34-41.
- Ansarifar, E., & Moradinezhad, F. (2021). Preservation of strawberry fruit quality via the use of active packaging with encapsulated thyme essential oil in zein nanofiber film. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 56(9), 4239-4247.
- Antunes, M. D. C. & Cavaco, A. M. (2010). The use of essential oils for postharvest decay control: A review. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 25, 351-366.
- Espitia, P. J. P., Soares, N. D. F. F., Botti, L. C. M., Melo, N. R. D., Pereira, O. L., & Silva, W. A. D. (2012). Assessment of the efficiency of essential oils in the preservation of postharvest papaya in an antimicrobial packaging system. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 15, 333-342.
- İnanlı, A. G. & Kuzgun, N.K. (2012). Uçucu Yağlarla zenginleştirilmiş kitosan filmlerin antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Gıda Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 7(1), 28-35.
- İşcan, G. (2002). Umbelliferae familyasına ait bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Anadolu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 74.
- Karaçalı, İ. (2012). Bahçe ürünlerinin muhafaza ve pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494.
- Kurubaş, M. S. & Erkan, M. (2018). Impacts of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on postharvest quality of 'Ankara' pears during long-term storage. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 42(2), 88-96.
- Li, C. X., Zhao, X. H., Zuo, W. F., Zhang, T. L., Zhang, Z. Y., & Chen, X. S. (2020). Phytochemical profiles, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activities of four red‐fleshed apple varieties in China. Journal of Food Science, 85(3), 718-726.
- Maria, A., Avena-Bustillos, J., Olsen, C., Friedman, M., Henika, P.R., Martin-Belloso, O., Pan, Z. & Mchugh, T.H. (2007). Effects of plant essential oils and oil compounds on mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties of alginate-apple puree edible films. Journal of Food Engineering, 81, 634-641.
- Mertoğlu, K., Eskimez, I., Polat, M., Okatan, V., Korkmaz, N., Gülbandılar, A., & Bulduk, I. (2021). Determination of anti-microbial and phyto-chemical characteristics of some blackberry cultivars. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30(2A), 1789-1795.
- Mohammed, E. T. & Mustafa, Y. F. (2020). Coumarins from Red Delicious apple seeds: Extraction, phytochemical analysis, and evaluation as antimicrobial agents. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 11(2), 64-70.
- Öz, A.T. & Süfer, Ö. (2012). Meyve ve sebzelerde hasat sonrası kalite üzerine yenilebilir film ve kaplamaların etkisi. Akademik Gıda, 10(1), 85-91.
- Peng, Y. & Li, Y. (2014). Combined effects of two kinds of essential oils on physical, mechanical and structural properties of chitosan films. Food Hydrocolloids, 36, 287-293.
- Polat, M., Mertoglu, K., Eskimez, I. & Okatan, V. (2020). Effects of the fruiting period and growing seasons on market quality in goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.). Folia Horticulturae, 32(2), 1-11.
- Rabiei, V., Shirzadeh, E., Angourani, R.H. & Sharafi, Y. (2011). Effect of thyme and lavender essential oils on the qualitative and quantitative traits and storage life of apple ‘Jonagold’ cultivar. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(23), 5522-5527.
- Sakar E., Ünver H., Taş A. & Ak B. E. (2014). Meyvelerde 1-MCP(1-methlylcyclopropene)’nin kullanım olanakları. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 46-52.
Sangsuwan, J., Pongsapakworawat, T., Bangmo, P. & Sutthasupa, S. (2016). Effect of chitosan beads incorporated with lavender or red thyme essential oils in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea and their application in strawberry packaging system. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 74, 14-20.
- Selcuk, N. & Erkan, M. (2015). The effects of 1-MCP treatment on fruit quality of medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L. cv. Istanbul) during long term storage in the palliflex storage system. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 100, 81-90.
- Shirzadeh E. & Kazemi M. (2012). Effect of essential oils treatments on quality characteristic of apple (Malus domestica var. Gala) During Storage. Trends in Applied Sciences Reserarch, 7(7): 584-589.
- Sumalan, R. M., Kuganov, R., Obistioiu, D., Popescu, I., Radulov, I., Alexa, E., Negrea, M., Salimzode, A. F., Sumalan, R. L., & Cocan, I. (2020). Assessment of mint, basil, and lavender essential oil vapor-phase in antifungal protection and lemon fruit quality. Molecules, 25(8), 1831.
- Tural, S. & Turhan, S. (2017). Properties and antioxidant capacity of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) by-product protein films containing thyme essential oil. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 55(1), 77-85.
- Vilaplana, R., Pérez-Revelo, K. & Valencia-Chamorro, S. (2018). Essential oils as an alternative postharvest treatment to control fusariosis, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, in fresh pineapples (Ananas comosus). Scientia Horticulturae, 238, 255-263.
- Vu, K. D., Hollingsworth, R. G., Leroux, E., Salmieri, S., & Lacroix, M. (2011). Development of edible bioactive coating based on modified chitosan for increasing the shelf life of strawberries. Food Research International, 44(1), 198-203.
- Wandjou, J. G. N., Lancioni, L., Barbalace, M. C., Hrelia, S., Papa, F., Sagratini, G., Vittori, S., Dall'Acqua, S., Caprioli, G., Beghelli, D., Angeloni, C., Lupidi, G., & Maggi, F. (2020). Comprehensive characterization of phytochemicals and biological activities of the Italian ancient apple ‘Mela Rosa dei Monti Sibillini’. Food Research International, 137, 109422.