Parkinson Hastalarına Uygulanan Egzersiz Programının Reaksiyon Zamanı ve Denge Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı 8 haftalık kuvvet ve kuvvet-stabilite egzersiz programının Parkinson hastalarında denge ve reaksiyon zamanı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırmamızda 30 parkinson hastası, kuvvet grubu (n=10, 61.90±7.89 yıl), kuvvet-stabilite grubu (n=10, 64.60±6.97 yıl) ve kontrol grubu (n=10, 65.70±11.24 yıl) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Katılımcılara egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası parkinson modifiye Hoehn-Yahr Evreleme testi, mini mental test, berg denge ölçeği ve reaksiyon testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Grupların berg denge ölçeği ön-test ve son-test karşılaştırılmasında kuvvet (p= 0.005) ve kuvvet-stabilite (p=0.005) gruplarında farklılık tespit edildi. Reaksiyon testi değerlerinde ise farklılığa rastlanmadı. Gruplar arası fark karşılaştırıldığında berg denge ölçeği değerinde (X2= 19.71, p= 0.00) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edildi. Gruplar arası değişim (son-test – ön-test) farkları karşılaştırıldığında, kuvvet ve kuvvet-stabilite gruplarının, kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişim gösterdiği tespit edildi. Sonuç: Parkinson hastalarına uygulanan kuvvet ve kuvvet-stabilite egzersiz programlarının denge parametresi üzerinde gelişim sağladığı tespit edildi. Bu nedenle kuvvet ve kuvvet-stabilite egzersiz programının erken evre parkinson hastalarına düzenli bir şekilde uygulandığında denge performansının geliştirilebileceği öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denge
• Kuvvet
• Stabilite
• Parkinson
• Reaksiyon Zamanı
• Balance

The Effect of Exercise Program Applied on Patients with Parkinson's Disease on Reaction Time and Balance

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of 8-week strength and strength-stability exercise program on balance and reaction time in Parkinson's Disease patients. Method: In our study, 30 Parkinson's Disease patients were divided into three groups as strength (n=10, 61.90±7.89years), strength-stability (n=10, 64.60±6.97years) and control (n=10, 65.70±11.24years) groups. Parkinson's modified Hoehn-Yahr staging test, mini mental test, berg balance scale and reaction test were applied to the participants before and after the exercise. Results: In the berg balance scale pre-test and post-test comparison of the groups, a difference was found in the strength (p=0.005) and strength-stability (p=0.005) groups. There was no difference in reaction test values. When the difference between the groups was compared, a statistically significant difference was found in the berg balance scale value (X2=19.71, p=0.00). When the differences between the groups (post-test- pre-test) were compared, a statistically significant improvement was found in the strength and strength-stability groups compared to the control group. Conclusion: It was determined that the strength and strength-stability exercise programs applied to Parkinson's Disease patients were effective on the balance parameter. It is predicted that balance performance can be improved when the strength and strength-stability exercise program is applied regularly to early stage Parkinson's Disease patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Balance
• Parkinson
• Reaction Time
• Stability
• Strength

Kaynakça

1. Alavi, K., Sheikh, M., ve Baqerzadeh, F. (2021). Effect of 12-Week Pilates Exercises on Reaction Time of Male Patients with Parkinson's disease. Nveo-Natural Volatıles & Essentıal Oıls Journal Nveo, 13133-13143.
2. Berg, K., Wood-Dauphine, S., Williams, J. I., ve Gayton, D. (1989). Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiotherapy Canada, 41(6), 304-311.
3. Bouquiaux, O., Thibaut, A., Beaudart, C., Dorban, G., Bertrand, S., Yildiz, E., ve Kaux, J. F. (2022). Dance training and performance in patients with Parkinson disease: Effects on motor functions and patients’ well-being. Science & Sports, 37(1), 45-50.
4. Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing—predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 64(1), 88-90.
5. Claesson, I. (2018). Better Balance with Somatosensory Exercises: A Parkinson Perspective. Karolinska Institutet (Sweden).
6. Comerford, M. J., ve Mottram, S. L. (2001). Movement and stability dysfunction--contemporary developments. Manual Therapy, 6(1), 15–26. https://doi.org/10.1054/math.2000.0388.
7. Domingos, J., Dean, J., Cruickshank, T. M., Śmiłowska, K., Fernandes, J. B., ve Godinho, C. (2021). A novel boot camp program to help guide personalized exercise in people with Parkinson disease. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(9), 938.
8. Goetz, C. G., Poewe, W., Rascol, O., Sampaio, C., Stebbins, G. T., Counsell, C., Giladi, N., Holloway, R. G., Moore, C. G., Wenning, G. K., Yahr, M. D., ve Seidl, L. (2004). Movement Disorder Society Task Force report on the Hoehn and Yahr staging scale: status and recommendations. Movement Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 19(9), 1020–1028. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.20213.

9. Güngen, C., Ertan, T., Eker, E., Yaşar, R., ve Engin, F. (2002). Standardize mini mental test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(4), 273-281.
10. Li, X., Gao, Z., Yu, H., Gu, Y., ve Yang, G. (2022). Effect of Long-term Exercise Therapy on Motor Symptoms in Parkinson Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 101(10), 905-912.
11. Lök, N., Bademli, K., ve Selçuk‐Tosun, A. (2019). The effect of reminiscence therapy on cognitive functions, depression, and quality of life in Alzheimer patients: Randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 34(1), 47-53.
12. Mafra, M., Lenzi, O. M. W., Silveira, F. S., Schmitt, M. V., Oliveira, J. F. D., ve Sousa, C. A. D. (2022). Multimodal exercise program contributes to balance and motor functions in men and women with Parkinson's disease differently: an intervention study. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 28.
13. Mehta, S., Kapoor, G., ve Thukral, G. (2020). Effectiveness of Home-based Physiotherapy on Berg Balance Scale Scores in Parkinson’s Disease in India: An Observational Study. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy, 14(3), 239-244.
14. Mehta, S., Kapoor, G., ve Thukral, G. (2020). Effectiveness of Home-based Physiotherapy on Berg Balance Scale Scores in Parkinson’s Disease in India: An Observational Study. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy, 14(3), 239-244.
15. Myers, L. R., Toonstra, J. L., ve Cripps, A. E. (2022). The test–retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the FitLight Trainer™. International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training, 1, 1-5.
16. Rajbanshi, S. K., Chandrika, P. C., ve Joshi, D. D. (2021). Effect of Highly Challenging Balance Training on Balance in Subjects with Chronic Parkinson’s Disease. Editorial Advisory Board, 15(4), 76.
17. Rosenfeldt, A. B., Koop, M. M., Fernandez, H. H., ve Alberts, J. L. (2021). High intensity aerobic exercise improves information processing and motor performance in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Experimental Brain Research, 239(3), 777-786.
18. Saphira, C. D. R., Widodo, S., Wati, A. P., ve Sumekar, T. A. (2021). The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Reaction Time Study Among Medical Student in Semarang. Dıponegoro Medıcal Journal, 10(3).
19. Schootemeijer, S., van der Kolk, N. M., Bloem, B. R., ve de Vries, N. M. (2020). Current perspectives on aerobic exercise in people with Parkinson’s disease. Neurotherapeutics, 17(4), 1418-1433.
20. Spina, S., Facciorusso, S., Cinone, N., Armiento, R., Picelli, A., Avvantaggiato, C., ... ve Santamato, A. (2021). Effectiveness of robotic balance training on postural instability in patients with mild parkinson’s disease: A pilot, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 53(2).
21. Theofilou, G., Ladakis, I., Mavroidi, C., Kilintzis, V., Mirachtsis, T., Chouvarda, I., ve Kouidi, E. (2022). The Effects of a Visual Stimuli Training Program on Reaction Time, Cognitive Function, and Fitness in Young Soccer Players. Sensors, 22(17), 6680.
22. Viveiro, L. A. P., Gomes, G. C. V., Bacha, J. M. R., Junior, N. C., Kallas, M. E., Reis, M., ... ve Pompeu, J. E. (2019). Reliability, validity, and ability to identity fall status of the Berg Balance Scale, Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), Mini-BESTest, and Brief-BESTest in older adults who live in nursing homes. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 42(4), E45-E54.