Araştırma Makalesi

FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA

Sayı: 37 22 Haziran 2017
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FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA

Öz

In Aspects of the Novel, Edward Morgan Forster introduces the critical concepts of flat and round to describe the nature of different types of fictional characters. According to Forster’s theoretical categorization, flat characters are constructed and exist in their fictional realm around a single feature or quality. As this is the key criterion, Forster argues that flat characters can easily be recognized and remembered by the reader. Flat characters remain mostly the same through circumstances. In other words, flat characters never surprise the reader. Contrary to the nature of flat characters, round characters operate in an opposite direction to their counterparts. Round characters never remain the same throughout events, and it is not easy to recognize them since they do not exist under the dominance of a single trait. In addition to these, round characters are those who surprise the reader. Although Forster’s categorisation of fictional characters has functioned well in most of the cases, some characters are not easily analysed under this formula. Franz Kafka’s Gregor Samsa, for example, seems neither a round nor a flat character. Throughout his story, he remains the same. At the same time, he surprises the reader, which is not expected from him since he is mostly the same character in the text. Samsa’s turning into an insect further complicates the definition of his roundness or flatness. Another example is Iris Murdoch’s Mister Mars. Mister Mars is an animal. But at the same time he is a movie star, a celebrity. He has a pivotal role for the protagonist of the text. Therefore, the aim of this study is first to introduce the theoretical background of the nature of fictional characters and then to display some difficulties present particularly in Forster’s classification through the characterisation of two non-human examples.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. ARISTOTLE (2007). “Poetics”. The Critical Tradition: Classic Texts and Contemporary Trends. ed. David H. Richter. New York: St. Martin’s. 59-81.
  2. BARRY, Peter (1995). Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. Manchester: Manchester UP.
  3. BARTHES, Roland (1974). S/Z. trans. Richard Miller. New York: Blackwell.
  4. BLOCKER, H. Gene (1974). “The Truth about Fictional Entities”. The Philosophical Quarterly XXIV (94): 27-36.
  5. CHATMAN, Seymour (1993). Reading Narrative Fiction. New York: Macmillan.
  6. CRITTENDEN, Charles (1966). “Fictional Existence”. American Philosophical Quarterly III (4): 317-321.
  7. EDER, JENS and JANNIDIS, FOTIS et al. (2010). “Characters in Fictional Worlds: An Introduction”. Characters in Fictional Worlds: Understanding Imaginary Beings in Literature, Film and Other Media. eds. Jens Eder, Fotis Jannidis and Ralf Schneider. New York: de Gruyter.
  8. FISHELOV, David (1990). “Types of Character, Characteristics of Types”. Style XXIV (3): 422-439.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

22 Haziran 2017

Gönderilme Tarihi

16 Şubat 2017

Kabul Tarihi

10 Nisan 2017

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2017 Sayı: 37

Kaynak Göster

APA
Mete, B. (2017). FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 37, 67-78. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328259
AMA
1.Mete B. FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA. SEFAD. 2017;(37):67-78. doi:10.21497/sefad.328259
Chicago
Mete, Barış. 2017. “FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, sy 37: 67-78. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328259.
EndNote
Mete B (01 Haziran 2017) FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 37 67–78.
IEEE
[1]B. Mete, “FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA”, SEFAD, sy 37, ss. 67–78, Haz. 2017, doi: 10.21497/sefad.328259.
ISNAD
Mete, Barış. “FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. 37 (01 Haziran 2017): 67-78. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.328259.
JAMA
1.Mete B. FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA. SEFAD. 2017;:67–78.
MLA
Mete, Barış. “FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, sy 37, Haziran 2017, ss. 67-78, doi:10.21497/sefad.328259.
Vancouver
1.Barış Mete. FORSTERIAN MODEL OF CHARACTERIZATION AND NON-HUMAN CHARACTERS IN NARRATIVE FICTION: IRIS MURDOCH’S MISTER MARS AND FRANZ KAFKA’S GREGOR SAMSA. SEFAD. 01 Haziran 2017;(37):67-78. doi:10.21497/sefad.328259

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