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Mary Julia Young’ın “Kaygı” Sonesinde Nevrotik Zihnin Temsili

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 45, 209 - 222, 07.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.944036

Öz

18. yüzyıl şair ve roman yazarı Mary Julia Young yazarak geçimini sağlayan üretken yazarlarından biriydi. Yaşamı hakkında çok az şey bilinse de öznel nevroz deneyimini konu edinen şiirsel söylemi ve anlatısıyla dikkat çekmiştir. Edebiyattan geçimini kazanan Young dönemin edebi modasının taleplerine bağlı olmak zorunda kalmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, yazarın gerçek deneyiminin izlerini ve işaretlerini araştırmayı ve Young'ın sonesi “Kaygı”yı nevrotik zihnin ve kaygının temsili açısından analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, öznel bir deneyim olarak kaygıyı duygudurum bozukluğu ve ruh hali olarak sınıflandırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tarihsel yazarın durum nevrozundan mustaripken örtük yazarın nevrozunu daha ziyade karakter nevrozu biçiminde deneyimlediğini ileri sürmektedir. Bu sebepten şair örtük yazar olarak temel kaygıdan ve tarihsel yazar olarak, kadın bir yazar olmanın yol açtığı yazarlık kaygsı da dâhil olmak üzere, basit kaygıdan mustariptir. Tarihsel yazarın dış ikilemi ve örtük yazarın iç ikilemi arasındaki çatışma yaratma eylemi üzerinde derin bir ketlenmeye yol açar ve böylece karakter şiirini kaygının en üst seviyesinde sona erdirir. Edebi bir dünyada her geçen gün daha ticari hale gelen zorluklara karşı mücadele eden bir kadın yazar olarak Young göz önüne alındığında bu çalışma, Karen Horney ve Julia Kristeva’nın terminolojisini kullanarak, şairin endişeli ruh halinin şiirdeki karakterin sadece kendi kaygısını ve nevrozunu değil, aynı zamanda bir kadın yazar olarak şairin de yaşadığı problemleri gözler önüne seren söylemi aracılığıyla temsil edildiğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Altındiş, H. (2017). Dialogic text: metaphors in Their Eyes Were Watching God. Hacettepe Journal of Faculty of Letters, 34 (1), 27-37.
  • Backscheider. P. & Ingrassia, C. (2005). A companion to the eighteenth-century English novel and culture. London: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Brodey, K. & Malgaretti, F. (2002). Focus on English and American literature. Milan: Modern Languages.
  • Brunello, A. & Borşan, F. E. (2015). Views of women in the 18th century British literature: Richardson vs. Fielding. International Journal of Communication Research, 5(4), 323-328.
  • Çıraklı, M. Z. (2017). A modest proposal for reading: four-aspect critical taxonomy for students. Journal of Narrative and Language Studies, 5(9), IV-X.
  • Cuddon, J. A. (1999). The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. New York: Penguin Books.
  • Feldman, P. R. & Robinson, D. (1999). A century of sonnets: the romantic era revival 1750-1850. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Freud, S. (2016). Cinsellik üzerine üç deneme: bekaret tabusu, kadın cinselliği, fetişizm ve diğer konular (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Öteki Yayınevi.
  • Horney, K. (2007). The neurotic personality of our time. Milton Park: Routledge.
  • Horney, K. (2017a). Psikanalizde yeni yollar (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Totem Yayınları.
  • Horney, K. (2017b). Kendi kendine psikanaliz (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Totem Yayınları.
  • Kristeva, J. (1989). Black sun. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Lloyd, N. (2008). Romantic textualities: literature and print culture, 1780-1840. Oxford: Cardiff University. Retrieved from: http://sites.cardiff.ac.uk/romtextv2/files/2013/01/rt18_n04.pdf
  • Maclean, N. (1956). Personification not poetry. English Literary History, 23(2), 163-170.
  • Rimmon-Kenan, S. (2002). Narrative fiction. New York: Routledge.
  • Schmidgen, W. (2014). Undividing the subject of literary history: From James Thomson’s poetry to Daniel Defoe’s novels. K. Parker and C. W. Smith (Eds.), in Eighteenth century poetry and the rise of the novel reconsidered (pp. 87-105). Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press.
  • Sontag, S. (1978). Illness as metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Thornley, G. C. & Roberts, G. (1984). An outline of English history. Essex: Longman.
  • Turner, C. (1994). Living by the pen: women writers in the eighteenth century. New York: Routledge.
  • Yemez, Ö. (2018). Aesthetic transformation and functional displacement of melancholy: the analysis of melancholic persona in the selected works of eighteenth-century poets. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Trabzon.
  • Young, M. J. (1798). Anxiety. P. R. Feldman and D. Robinson (Eds), in A century of sonnets: the romantic era revival 1750-1850 (pp. 68-69). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

The Representation of the Neurotic Mind in Mary Julia Young’s Sonnet “Anxiety”

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 45, 209 - 222, 07.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.944036

Öz

18th-century poet and novelist Mary Julia Young was a prolific writer supporting herself by writing. She remained a biographically obscure literary figure, yet her remarkable life with the experience of anxiety drew attention through her poetic discourse and narrative. Hence, having earned her living from literature, Young had to stick to the demands of the era's literary fashions. Therefore, this paper investigates the clues and signs of the author's real experience and analyses Young's sonnet "Anxiety" in terms of the representation of the neurotic mind and anxiety. The paper categorizes the type of anxiety and the subjective experience of the poetic persona as mood and disorder. The study suggests that the implied author experiences neurosis as character neurosis whereas the historical author suffers from situational neurosis. The authorial persona is afflicted with basic anxiety as the implied author and with simple anxiety as the historical author and anxiety of authorship as a female writer. The conflict between the historical author's external dilemma and the implied author's internal dilemma leads to a profound inhibition against the very act of creating, and thus, the persona ends the poem at its peak of anxiety. Considering Young as a female writer who struggled against hardships in a literary world getting more commercial each day, the paper, using the terminology of Karen Horney and Julia Kristeva, argues that the anxious mood of the poet is represented through the discourse of the poetic persona, who not only reveals her anxiety and neurosis but also the problems of the poet herself.

Kaynakça

  • Altındiş, H. (2017). Dialogic text: metaphors in Their Eyes Were Watching God. Hacettepe Journal of Faculty of Letters, 34 (1), 27-37.
  • Backscheider. P. & Ingrassia, C. (2005). A companion to the eighteenth-century English novel and culture. London: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Brodey, K. & Malgaretti, F. (2002). Focus on English and American literature. Milan: Modern Languages.
  • Brunello, A. & Borşan, F. E. (2015). Views of women in the 18th century British literature: Richardson vs. Fielding. International Journal of Communication Research, 5(4), 323-328.
  • Çıraklı, M. Z. (2017). A modest proposal for reading: four-aspect critical taxonomy for students. Journal of Narrative and Language Studies, 5(9), IV-X.
  • Cuddon, J. A. (1999). The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. New York: Penguin Books.
  • Feldman, P. R. & Robinson, D. (1999). A century of sonnets: the romantic era revival 1750-1850. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Freud, S. (2016). Cinsellik üzerine üç deneme: bekaret tabusu, kadın cinselliği, fetişizm ve diğer konular (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Öteki Yayınevi.
  • Horney, K. (2007). The neurotic personality of our time. Milton Park: Routledge.
  • Horney, K. (2017a). Psikanalizde yeni yollar (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Totem Yayınları.
  • Horney, K. (2017b). Kendi kendine psikanaliz (S. Budak, Çev.). İstanbul: Totem Yayınları.
  • Kristeva, J. (1989). Black sun. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Lloyd, N. (2008). Romantic textualities: literature and print culture, 1780-1840. Oxford: Cardiff University. Retrieved from: http://sites.cardiff.ac.uk/romtextv2/files/2013/01/rt18_n04.pdf
  • Maclean, N. (1956). Personification not poetry. English Literary History, 23(2), 163-170.
  • Rimmon-Kenan, S. (2002). Narrative fiction. New York: Routledge.
  • Schmidgen, W. (2014). Undividing the subject of literary history: From James Thomson’s poetry to Daniel Defoe’s novels. K. Parker and C. W. Smith (Eds.), in Eighteenth century poetry and the rise of the novel reconsidered (pp. 87-105). Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press.
  • Sontag, S. (1978). Illness as metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Thornley, G. C. & Roberts, G. (1984). An outline of English history. Essex: Longman.
  • Turner, C. (1994). Living by the pen: women writers in the eighteenth century. New York: Routledge.
  • Yemez, Ö. (2018). Aesthetic transformation and functional displacement of melancholy: the analysis of melancholic persona in the selected works of eighteenth-century poets. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Trabzon.
  • Young, M. J. (1798). Anxiety. P. R. Feldman and D. Robinson (Eds), in A century of sonnets: the romantic era revival 1750-1850 (pp. 68-69). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sanat ve Edebiyat
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Öznur Yemez

Yayımlanma Tarihi 7 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 45

Kaynak Göster

APA Yemez, Ö. (2021). The Representation of the Neurotic Mind in Mary Julia Young’s Sonnet “Anxiety”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(45), 209-222. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.944036

Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Letters will start accepting articles for 2025 issues on Dergipark as of September 15, 2024.