A Comparative Analysis of Gypsies’ Access to Employment Opportunities and Health Services in Pakistan and Turkey

Muhammad Suliman; Reşat Açıkgöz

doi:10.21497/sefad.1218484

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 277 - 294, 25.12.2022

Muhammad Suliman Reşat Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

Öz

Kaynakça

Akkan, B. E., Deniz, M. B., & Ertan, M. (2011). Sosyal dışlanmanın roman halleri. Istanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Politika Formu.
Akkan, B., Deniz, M. B., & Ertan, M. (2017). The Romanization of poverty: Spatial stigmatization of Roma neighborhoods in Turkey. Romani Studies, 27(1), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.3828/rs.2017.4
Akkaya, Ö., & Yılgür, E. (2019). Locally Confined Territorial Stigmatization. The Case of “Gypsy” Stigma. Idealkent, 10(26), 214-25.
Ali, L., & Taieb, M. (2021). Patterns and cultural traditions of marriage among Khanabadosh of Mardan. The Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Peshawar, 29(2), 16-30.
Arayıcı, A. (2008). Gypsies: the forgotten people of Turkey. International Social Science Journal, 59(193), 527-538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2451.2009.01683.x
Avci, I. A., Cavusoglu, F., Aydin, M., & Altay, B. (2018). Attitude and practice of family planning methods among Roma women living in northern Turkey. International journal of nursing sciences, 5(1), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.01.002
Ayub, A., Khan, R. S., Khan, S. A., Hussain, H., Tabassum, A., Shehzad, J. A., & Shah, S. S. (2018). Progress of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) towards universal health coverage. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad: JAMC, 30(3), 482-485. https://jamc.ayubmed.edu.pk/jamc/index.php/jamc/issue/view/97
Bancroft, A. (2017). Roma and Gypsy-Travellers in Europe: Modernity, Race, Space and Exclusion. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/csqh8
Bartosovic I. (2016). Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia. Bratislavske lekarske listy, 117(1), 26–30. https://doi:10.4149/BLL_2016_006
Berland, J. C. (1983). Peripatetic strategies in South Asia: Skills as capital among nomadic artisans and entertainers (13). (Commission on Nomadic Peoples, Issue. Nomadic Peoples.
Berland, J. C. (1986). Pārytān:" Native" Models of Peripatetic Strategies in Pakistan (21/22). Commission on Nomadic Peoples.
Berland, J. C. (2021). Territorial activities among peripatetic peoples in Pakistan. In Mobility and Territoriality.Routledge.https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003135135-18/territorial-activities-among-peripatetic-peoples-pakistan-joseph-berland
Berland, J. C., & Berland, J. (1982). No five fingers are alike: Cognitive amplifiers in social context. Harvard University Press.
Brown, P. (2010). Review: social exclusion of Gypsies and Travellers: Health impact. Journal of Research in Nursing, 15(4), 329-329. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987110363236
Casa-Nova, M. J. (2007). Gypsies, ethnicity, and the labour market: An introduction. Romani Studies, 17(1), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.3828/rs.2007.4
Cemlyn, S., & Clark, C. (2005). The social exclusion of Gypsy and traveller children. In G. Preston (Ed.), At Greatest Risk: the Children Most Likely to be Poor (pp. 150-165). Child Poverty Action Group.
Cheema, A. R., Zaidi, S., Najmi, R., Khan, F. A., Kori, S. A., & Shah, N. A. (2020). Availability Does Not Mean Utilisation: Analysis of a large Micro Health Insurance Programme in Pakistan. Global Journal of Health Science, 12(10), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n10p14
Choudhry, F. R., & Bokharey, I. Z. (2013). Perception of mental health in Pakistani nomads: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3402/qhw.v8i0.22469
Ciaian, P. (2016). Causes of the Social and Economic Marginalisation: The Role of Social Mobility Barriers for Roma (No. EERI RP 2016/03): Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels. https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/eeirpaper/eeri_5frp_5f2016_5f03.htm
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Condon, L., Bedford, H., Ireland, L., Kerr, S., Mytton, J., Richardson, Z., & Jackson, C. (2019). Engaging Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller communities in research: maximizing opportunities and overcoming challenges. Qualitative Health Research, 29(9), 1324-1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318813558
Cook, B., Wayne, G. F., Valentine, A., Lessios, A., & Yeh, E. (2013). Revisiting the evidence on health and health care disparities among the Roma: a systematic review 2003–2012. International journal of public health, 58(6), 885-911. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-013-0518-6
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Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 277 - 294, 25.12.2022

Muhammad Suliman Reşat Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

Öz

Kaynakça

Akkan, B. E., Deniz, M. B., & Ertan, M. (2011). Sosyal dışlanmanın roman halleri. Istanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Politika Formu.
Akkan, B., Deniz, M. B., & Ertan, M. (2017). The Romanization of poverty: Spatial stigmatization of Roma neighborhoods in Turkey. Romani Studies, 27(1), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.3828/rs.2017.4
Akkaya, Ö., & Yılgür, E. (2019). Locally Confined Territorial Stigmatization. The Case of “Gypsy” Stigma. Idealkent, 10(26), 214-25.
Ali, L., & Taieb, M. (2021). Patterns and cultural traditions of marriage among Khanabadosh of Mardan. The Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Peshawar, 29(2), 16-30.
Arayıcı, A. (2008). Gypsies: the forgotten people of Turkey. International Social Science Journal, 59(193), 527-538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2451.2009.01683.x
Avci, I. A., Cavusoglu, F., Aydin, M., & Altay, B. (2018). Attitude and practice of family planning methods among Roma women living in northern Turkey. International journal of nursing sciences, 5(1), 33-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.01.002
Ayub, A., Khan, R. S., Khan, S. A., Hussain, H., Tabassum, A., Shehzad, J. A., & Shah, S. S. (2018). Progress of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) towards universal health coverage. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad: JAMC, 30(3), 482-485. https://jamc.ayubmed.edu.pk/jamc/index.php/jamc/issue/view/97
Bancroft, A. (2017). Roma and Gypsy-Travellers in Europe: Modernity, Race, Space and Exclusion. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/csqh8
Bartosovic I. (2016). Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia. Bratislavske lekarske listy, 117(1), 26–30. https://doi:10.4149/BLL_2016_006
Berland, J. C. (1983). Peripatetic strategies in South Asia: Skills as capital among nomadic artisans and entertainers (13). (Commission on Nomadic Peoples, Issue. Nomadic Peoples.
Berland, J. C. (1986). Pārytān:" Native" Models of Peripatetic Strategies in Pakistan (21/22). Commission on Nomadic Peoples.
Berland, J. C. (2021). Territorial activities among peripatetic peoples in Pakistan. In Mobility and Territoriality.Routledge.https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003135135-18/territorial-activities-among-peripatetic-peoples-pakistan-joseph-berland
Berland, J. C., & Berland, J. (1982). No five fingers are alike: Cognitive amplifiers in social context. Harvard University Press.
Brown, P. (2010). Review: social exclusion of Gypsies and Travellers: Health impact. Journal of Research in Nursing, 15(4), 329-329. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987110363236
Casa-Nova, M. J. (2007). Gypsies, ethnicity, and the labour market: An introduction. Romani Studies, 17(1), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.3828/rs.2007.4
Cemlyn, S., & Clark, C. (2005). The social exclusion of Gypsy and traveller children. In G. Preston (Ed.), At Greatest Risk: the Children Most Likely to be Poor (pp. 150-165). Child Poverty Action Group.
Cheema, A. R., Zaidi, S., Najmi, R., Khan, F. A., Kori, S. A., & Shah, N. A. (2020). Availability Does Not Mean Utilisation: Analysis of a large Micro Health Insurance Programme in Pakistan. Global Journal of Health Science, 12(10), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n10p14
Choudhry, F. R., & Bokharey, I. Z. (2013). Perception of mental health in Pakistani nomads: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3402/qhw.v8i0.22469
Ciaian, P. (2016). Causes of the Social and Economic Marginalisation: The Role of Social Mobility Barriers for Roma (No. EERI RP 2016/03): Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels. https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/eeirpaper/eeri_5frp_5f2016_5f03.htm
Ciaian, P., & Kancs, d. A. (2018). Marginalisation of Roma: Root Causes and Possible Policy Actions. European Review, 27, 115 - 130. https://doi:10.1017/S106279871800056X
Condon, L., Bedford, H., Ireland, L., Kerr, S., Mytton, J., Richardson, Z., & Jackson, C. (2019). Engaging Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller communities in research: maximizing opportunities and overcoming challenges. Qualitative Health Research, 29(9), 1324-1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318813558
Cook, B., Wayne, G. F., Valentine, A., Lessios, A., & Yeh, E. (2013). Revisiting the evidence on health and health care disparities among the Roma: a systematic review 2003–2012. International journal of public health, 58(6), 885-911. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-013-0518-6
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David, S., Margaret, G. (2012). Housed Gypsies and travellers in the UK: work, exclusion and adaptation. Race & Class, 53(3), 48-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306396811425985
Drakakis, S. A. (2007). Nomadism a moving myth? Policies of exclusion and the Gypsy/Traveller response. Mobilities, 2(3), 463-487. https://doi:10.1080/17450100701597467
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Fırat, M., & Açıkgöz, R. (2020). Elazığ’da yaşayan çingenelerin değişen/dönüşen meslekleri üzerine nitel bir araştırma. Journal of Economy Culture and Society(Özel Sayı 1/Supplement 1), 229-248.
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Hajioff, S., & McKee, M. (2000). The health of the Roma people: a review of the published literature. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 54(11), 864-869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.54.11.864
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Hancock, I. (2010). Mind the doors! The contribution of linguistics. In All Change: Romani Studies through Romani Eyes. University of Hertfordshire Press
Hancock, I. F. (1987). The pariah syndrome: An account of Gypsy slavery and persecution. Karoma Pub.
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Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 277 - 294, 25.12.2022

Muhammad Suliman Reşat Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

Öz

Kaynakça

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Fırat, M., & Açıkgöz, R. (2020). Elazığ’da yaşayan çingenelerin değişen/dönüşen meslekleri üzerine nitel bir araştırma. Journal of Economy Culture and Society(Özel Sayı 1/Supplement 1), 229-248.
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Hancock, I. (2010). Mind the doors! The contribution of linguistics. In All Change: Romani Studies through Romani Eyes. University of Hertfordshire Press
Hancock, I. F. (1987). The pariah syndrome: An account of Gypsy slavery and persecution. Karoma Pub.
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İlhan, S., & Fırat, M. (2017). Bir inşa süreci olarak çingenelik: Kuramsal bir çözümleme. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 27(2), 265-276. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.346534
Imre, A. (2005). Whiteness in post-socialist Eastern Europe: The time of the Gypsies, the end of race (Vol. 10): State University of New York Press Albany.
Javed, K. (2017). To reveal the emotional value of Khanabadosh and spirit of huts. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 8(10), 618-622.
Johnson, M. (1984). Ethnic minorities and health. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 18(4), 228-230.
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A Comparative Analysis of Gypsies’ Access to Employment Opportunities and Health Services in Pakistan and Turkey

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 277 - 294, 25.12.2022

Muhammad Suliman Reşat Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

Öz

Gypsies are an important ethnic group both in Pakistan and Turkey. They are in a more disadvantaged position as compared to other segments of society in areas such as housing, work, health, and education. In this study, employment opportunities and access to health services of gypsies living in Pakistan and Turkey are explored. The researchers delimited the study only to areas of employment and health sectors in both countries, with the aim to comparatively analyze the situation of Gypsies’ access to these services. In the study, qualitative research design and in-depth interview technique were used to collect data from respondents. The interviews were conducted with a total of 14 people (7 participants from Pakistan and 7 from Turkey respectively) including both male and female. According to the findings of the study, Gypsies both in Pakistan and Turkey are mostly excluded from employment opportunities and are pushed to work in informal sectors. Their access to health services is also very limited due to their housing conditions and active lifestyle. However, it has been observed that the conditions of Gypsies in Turkey were found better than the Pakistani ones in terms of employment opportunities and access to health services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gypsies, employment, health, Pakistan, Turkey

Kaynakça

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Pakistan ve Türkiye’deki Çingenelerin İstihdam Olanakları ve Sağlık Hizmetlerine Erişimi Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 48, 277 - 294, 25.12.2022

Muhammad Suliman Reşat Açıkgöz

https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

Öz

Çingeneler hem Pakistan hem de Türkiye’de önemli bir etnik gruptur; barınma, çalışma, sağlık ve eğitim gibi alanlarda toplumun diğer kesimlerine göre daha dezavantajlı bir konumda bulunurlar. Bu çalışmada, Pakistan ve Türkiye’de yaşayan Çingenelerin istihdam olanakları ve sağlık hizmetlerine erişimleri incelenmektedir. Araştırmacılar, istihdam ve sağlık hizmetleri alanlarıyla sınırlı kalmak kaydıyla her iki ülkedeki Çingenelerin durumunu istihdam ve sağlık hizmetlerine erişim fırsatları bağlamında karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadırlar. Çalışmada, araştırma yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma, araştırma tekniği olarak da derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler, erkek ve kadın katılımcılardan toplam 14 kişi (Pakistan ve Türkiye’de 7’şer kişi) üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre hem Pakistan hem de Türkiye’de Çingeneler, çoğu durumda istihdam fırsatlarının dışında kalmakta ve enformel sektördeki işlerde çalışmaya itilmektedirler. Barınma koşulları ve hareketli yaşam biçimlerinden dolayı sağlık hizmetlerine erişimleri de oldukça sınırlıdır. Ancak hem istihdam olanakları hem de sağlık hizmetlerine erişimle ilgili olarak Türkiye’deki Çingenelerin Pakistan’daki Çingenelere oranla daha avantajlı bir konumda oldukları görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çingeneler, istihdam, sağlık, Pakistan, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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Toplam 104 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Sosyoloji
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Muhammad Suliman Bu kişi benim Reşat Açıkgöz Bu kişi benim
Yayımlanma Tarihi	25 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi	27 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2022 Sayı: 48

Kaynak Göster

APA	Suliman, M., & Açıkgöz, R. (2022). A Comparative Analysis of Gypsies’ Access to Employment Opportunities and Health Services in Pakistan and Turkey. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(48), 277-294. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1218484

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