DENTAL KAYGI VE AĞRI YÖNETİMİNDE NONFARMAKOLOJİK BİR YÖNTEM; AROMATERAPİ: DERLEME

Yıl 2023, , 124 - 129, 27.04.2023

Büşra Mutlu , Aysun Avşar

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.1228320

Öz

Aromaterapi, bitkilerden elde edilen esansiyel yağların kimyasal içeriklerine bağlı olarak
değişen terapötik özelliklerine göre, fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak iyileştirmek amacıyla
kullanılmasıdır. Uzun bir tarihsel geçmişe sahip olan ve günümüzde tamamlayıcı alternatif tıp
tedavilerinden biri olarak kullanılan aromaterapinin uygulaması kolaydır, maaliyeti düşüktür
ve yan etkisi yok denecek kadar azdır. Aromaterapi oral absorbsiyon, masaj ve inhalasyon
yoluyla uygulanabilir. Uçucu yağlar inhale edildiklerinde burundaki reseptörler kokuları
elektriksel impulslara çevirerek elektrokimyasal mesajları oluştururlar. Bu mesajlar olfaktör
yol ile limbik sisteme iletilir, hipotalamus aracılığıyla koku alma sisteminden beyne sinyaller
gönderilmesiyle seratonin ve dopamin gibi nörotransmitterler salgılanmasını gerçekleştirirler.
Bunun sonucunda depresyon ve anksiyeteyi düzenleyerek analjezik ve anksiyolitik etki
gösterirler. Aromaterapinin anksiyolitik ve analjezik etkisinden faydalanmak amacıyla tıp ve
diş hekimliği alanında kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Onkoloji tedavisi gören ve opere edilen
hastaların anksiyete ve ağrı yönetiminde sıklıkla tamamlayıcı ve alternatif bir yöntem olarak
tercih edilen aromaterapinin diş hekimliğinde tedavilerin karşısındaki en büyük küresel
engellerden biri olan dental kaygının yönetiminde kullanımı son yıllarda artmıştır. Dental kaygı
diş tedavileri konusunda anormal bir korku veya endişe olarak tanımlanmıştır ve çocuk
hastalarda görülme sıklığı % 5-20 arasında değişmektedir. Günümüze dek yapılan çalışmalarla
dental kaygıyı yönetmek amacıyla farmakolojik ve nonfarmakolojik çeşitli davranış
yönlendirme teknikleri literatüre kazandırılmıştır. Dental kaygının yönetimindeki
nonfarmakolojik güncel yaklaşımlardan biri olan aromaterapi kaygılı hastalarda ağrı duyarlılığı
daha fazla gözlendiği için ağrı kontrolünde de kullanılabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

aromaterapi, uçucu yağlar, dental kaygı

Kaynakça

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