Aklimatizasyon Aşamasında GA₃ ve AsA Uygulamalarının Vejetatif Gelişim Üzerindeki Etkileri

Öz

In vitro mikroçoğaltım, sağlıklı bitkiciklerin hızlı ve mevsimden bağımsız olarak üretilmesini mümkün kılmakla birlikte, uzun vadeli başarısı büyük ölçüde aklimatizasyon aşamasındaki kayıpların en aza indirilmesine bağlıdır. Kültür kaplarının yüksek nem ve serbest yüzey nemi içermesi nedeniyle bitkicikler yeterli kütikula geliştiremez ve dış koşullara aktarıldıklarında kurumaya karşı son derece duyarlı hâle gelirler. Bu nedenle, aklimatizasyon sırasında destekleyici eksojen uygulamaların yapılması, bitkiciklerin toleransını artırmak ve ölüm oranlarını azaltmak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, GA₃ (giberellik asit) ve AsA (askorbik asit) uygulamalarının aklimatizasyon sürecinde karşılaşılan kayıpları azaltmadaki ve in vitro koşullarda mikroçoğaltılmış bitkiciklerin adaptasyon başarısını artırmadaki etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada yaşama oranı (%), bitki boyu (cm), sürgün çapı (mm), yaprak sayısı (adet/bitkicik), boğum sayısı (adet/bitkicik) ve klorofil içeriği (SPAD) ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar, en yüksek yaşama oranının (%51,33) 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA uygulamasından elde edildiğini göstermiştir. En uzun sürgünler (18,40 cm) yine 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. En kalın sürgün çapı (1,88 mm) 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA uygulamasında görülmüştür. En yüksek yaprak sayısı (15,00 adet/bitkicik) 25 ppm GA₃ + 150 mg L⁻¹ AsA ve 50 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA uygulamalarından elde edilmiştir. En yüksek boğum sayısı (14 adet/bitkicik) 50 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. En yüksek klorofil içeriği (43,49 SPAD) ise 25 ppm GA₃ uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, GA₃ ve AsA kombinasyonlarının aklimatizasyon kayıplarını azaltmada etkili olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aklimatizasyon
• iyileştirici ajan
• in vitro

Proje Numarası

1919B012411190

The Effects of GA₃ and AsA Applications on Vegetative Growth During Acclimatization

Öz

In vitro micropropagation enables the rapid and season-independent production of healthy plantlets, yet its long-term success largely depends on minimizing losses during the acclimatization phase. Because the culture vessels contain high humidity and free surface moisture, plantlets develop insufficient cuticles, which makes them highly vulnerable to desiccation when transferred to external conditions. Therefore, implementing supportive exogenous treatments during acclimatization is essential to enhance plantlet tolerance and reduce mortality. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of gibberellic acid (GA₃) and ascorbic acid (AsA) applications on reducing losses encountered during the acclimatization process and improving the adaptation success of micropropagated plantlets under in vitro conditions. Survival rate (%), plant height (cm), shoot diameter (mm), number of leaves (pieces/plantlet), number of nodes (pieces/plantlet), and chlorophyll content (SPAD) were measured. The results revealed that the highest survival rate (51.33%) was obtained from 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA, the longest shoots (18.40 cm) from 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA, the thickest shoot diameter from 25 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA (1.88 mm), the highest number of leaves (15.00 pieces/plantlet) from 25 ppm GA₃ + 150 mg L⁻¹ AsA and 50 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA, the highest number of nodes (14 pieces/plantlet) from 50 ppm GA₃ + 300 mg L⁻¹ AsA, and the highest chlorophyll content (43.49 SPAD) from 25 ppm GA₃. The study demonstrates that combinations of GA₃ and AsA can be effective in reducing acclimatization losses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• acclimatization
• healing agent
• in vitro

Proje Numarası

1919B012411190

Teşekkür

This study was supported by the TÜBİTAK 2209-A (project number 1919B012411190) University Students Research Projects Support Program.

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