The Future of Humanoid Robot Technologies and Digital Transformation: An Examination of Businesses, the Workforce and the Economy

Öz

With advancements in robotic systems, artificial intelligence, digitalization, and data processing technologies, these technologies have moved beyond manufacturing processes and are now widely used in various fields such as healthcare, education, defense, the service sector, and everyday life. In this transformation process, humanoid robots stand out as advanced systems capable of mimicking human behavior, adapting to environmental conditions, and engaging in social interaction. The rapid development of humanoid robot technologies brings significant transformations not only in terms of technological innovations but also in terms of businesses, labor markets, economic structures, and global competitive dynamics. This study aims to evaluate the historical development of humanoid robot technologies, their fundamental technical characteristics, and their role in the digital transformation process from the perspectives of businesses, labor markets, and the global economy. The research was conducted using a narrative/conceptual review approach based on an analysis of national and international academic studies, reports, and publications released between 2010 and 2025. The studies in the literature were evaluated thematically, and the multidimensional impacts of humanoid robot technologies were analyzed within a holistic framework. The review concluded that humanoid robots enhance productivity, quality, and operational flexibility in businesses, while in labor markets, they bring about new skill requirements and occupational transformations. Furthermore, it is evident that the intensifying technological competition among the United States, China, Japan, and the European Union has transformed humanoid robot technologies into a strategic economic and technological power factor. The findings reveal that humanoid robots are not merely a technical innovation but present a multidimensional structure that influences economic, managerial, and social transformation processes. In this regard, the study integrates the scattered literature on humanoid robot technologies with the perspectives of digital transformation and business management to offer a conceptual evaluation and establish a theoretical foundation for future research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Humanoid Robots
• Digital Transformation
• Global Competition
• The Transformation of the Workforce

İnsansı Robot Teknolojileri ve Dijital Dönüşümün Geleceği: İşletmeler, İş Gücü ve Küresel Ekonomi Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Robotik sistemler, yapay zekâ, dijitalleşme ve veri işleme teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte üretim süreçlerinin ötesine geçerek sağlık, eğitim, savunma, hizmet sektörü ve günlük yaşamın çeşitli alanlarında yaygın biçimde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu dönüşüm sürecinde insansı robotlar, insan davranışlarını taklit edebilen, çevresel koşullara uyum sağlayabilen ve sosyal etkileşim kurabilen gelişmiş sistemler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. İnsansı robot teknolojilerinin hızla gelişmesi, yalnızca teknolojik yenilikler açısından değil; işletmeler, iş gücü piyasaları, ekonomik yapılar ve küresel rekabet dinamikleri açısından da önemli dönüşümleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışma, insansı robot teknolojilerinin tarihsel gelişimini, temel teknik özelliklerini ve dijital dönüşüm sürecindeki rolünü işletmeler, iş gücü piyasaları ve küresel ekonomi perspektiflerinden değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, 2010–2025 yılları arasında yayımlanan ulusal ve uluslararası akademik çalışmalar ile ilgili rapor ve yayınların incelenmesine dayanan anlatı/kavramsal derleme yaklaşımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürde yer alan çalışmalar tematik olarak değerlendirilmiş ve insansı robot teknolojilerinin çok boyutlu etkileri bütüncül bir çerçevede analiz edilmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda insansı robotların işletmelerde verimlilik, kalite ve operasyonel esneklik sağladığı; iş gücü piyasalarında ise yeni beceri gereksinimlerini ve mesleki dönüşümleri beraberinde getirdiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ABD, Çin, Japonya ve Avrupa Birliği arasında yoğunlaşan teknolojik rekabetin, insansı robot teknolojilerini stratejik bir ekonomik ve teknolojik güç unsuru hâline getirdiği görülmektedir. Bulgular, insansı robotların yalnızca teknik bir yenilik değil; ekonomik, yönetsel ve toplumsal dönüşüm süreçlerini etkileyen çok boyutlu bir yapı sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, insansı robot teknolojilerine ilişkin dağınık literatürü dijital dönüşüm ve işletme perspektifiyle bütünleştirerek kavramsal bir değerlendirme sunmakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için teorik bir tartışma zemini oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnsansı Robotlar
• Dijital Dönüşüm
• Küresel Rekabet
• İş Gücü Dönüşümü

Kaynakça

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