Araştırma Makalesi

The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis

Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 31 Mayıs 2022
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The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis

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ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of human capital on equality of income distribution. To this end, we use cross-sectional data analysis on a sample consisting of 89 countries with data in 2018. We construct an equation of income equality and next empirically estimate that equation. Human capital is proxied by gross enrolment rate of tertiary education whereas income equality is proxy by the ratio of the income share held by the lowest 10% (of the population) to the income share held by the highest 10% (of the population). In order to control the development level of countries, we added per capita income and its squared term into the equation. Moreover, the variables of technological development, openness and unemployment were added into the equation to control other factors such as demand- and supply-side. The results suggest strong evidence towards significant and positive effect of human capital on income equality. As policy implication, it is strongly recommended to encourage individuals to invest their education level, as the results indicate that countries with a high stock of human capital experience higher level of income equality. In addition, raising the trade volume, increasing the share of research and development expenditures in GDP, and promoting policies to reduce the unemployment rate are other substantial outputs of our empirical analysis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Journal of political economy, 70(5, Part 2), 9-49.
  2. Becker, G. S., & Chiswick, B. R. (1966). Education and the Distribution of Earnings. The American Economic Review, 56(1/2), 358-369.
  3. Chakraborty, S., & Das, M. (2005). Mortality, Human Capital and Persistent Inequality. Journal of Economic Growth, 159-192.
  4. Chiu, W. H. (1998). Income inequality, human capital accumulation and economic performance. The Economic Journal, 108(446), 44-59.
  5. Eckstein, Z., & Zilcha, I. (1994). The effects of compulsory schooling on growth, income distribution and welfare. Journal of Public Economics, 54(3), 339-359.
  6. Eicher, T. S., & Garcia-Penalosa, C. (2001). Inequality and growth: the dual role of human capital in development. Journal of Development Economics, 66(1), 173-197.
  7. Fields, G. S. (1980). Education and income distribution in developing countries: A review of the literature. Washigton, DC: The World Bank, 231-315.
  8. Galor, O. (2011, May). Equality, human capital formation and the process of development. NBER Working Paper Series, 1-62.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Mayıs 2022

Gönderilme Tarihi

25 Mart 2022

Kabul Tarihi

24 Mayıs 2022

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Taş, B. (2022). The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(1), 183-199. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1085223
AMA
1.Taş B. The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis. sinopusd. 2022;6(1):183-199. doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1085223
Chicago
Taş, Bahar. 2022. “The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 6 (1): 183-99. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1085223.
EndNote
Taş B (01 Mayıs 2022) The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 6 1 183–199.
IEEE
[1]B. Taş, “The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis”, sinopusd, c. 6, sy 1, ss. 183–199, May. 2022, doi: 10.30561/sinopusd.1085223.
ISNAD
Taş, Bahar. “The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 6/1 (01 Mayıs 2022): 183-199. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1085223.
JAMA
1.Taş B. The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis. sinopusd. 2022;6:183–199.
MLA
Taş, Bahar. “The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 6, sy 1, Mayıs 2022, ss. 183-99, doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1085223.
Vancouver
1.Bahar Taş. The Effect of Human Capital on Income Equality: Cross-sectional Analysis. sinopusd. 01 Mayıs 2022;6(1):183-99. doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1085223

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