Sosyal Dışlanma Riski Açısından Sağlığın Dijital Belirleyicilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: Global Academic Perspective in Social Sciences, 176 - 194, 28.10.2025

Erman Gedikli

Öz

Dijitalleşmenin sağlık sistemlerine entegrasyonu, bir yandan sağlık hizmetlerine erişimi kolaylaştırırken, diğer yandan sosyal dışlanmayı tetikleyici bir unsur haline gelmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, sağlığın dijital belirleyicilerini (SDB) ile sosyal dışlanma riski arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, literatürde yer alan SDB bileşenleri kavramsal olarak incelenmiş; ardından DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) tekniğiyle bu bileşenler arasındaki karşılıklı etkiler uzman görüşleri ile değelendirilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde algoritmik önyargı, dijital maliyet uygunluğu, dijital okuryazarlık ve kişiselleştirilmiş teknoloji, sistem üzerinde en güçlü nedensel etkileri oluşturan bileşenler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Buna karşılık, veri yetersizliği ve bilgi asimetrisi, dijital erişilebilirlik, kullanım kolaylığı gibi bileşenlerin ise sonuç niteliğinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, dijital sağlık sistemlerinin yalnızca teknolojik erişim perspektifiyle değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal kapsayıcılık ve etik bütünlük çerçevesinde tasarlanması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle yaşlılar, düşük gelir grupları ve dijital beceri eksikliği yaşayan bireyler açısından dijital sağlık uygulamaları yeni dışlanma biçimleri üretebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, sosyal dışlanmayı azaltıcı, kapsayıcı ve adil dijital sağlık politikalarının geliştirilmesi önemli bir gereklilik olarak görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

dijital belirleyiciler , sağlık , sosyal dışlanma , dijital sağlık eşitliği

Evaluating the Digital Determinants of Health from the Perspective Social Exclusion Risk

Öz

The integration of digitalization into healthcare systems, while facilitating access to healthcare services, also contributes to social exclusion. This study aims to investigate the relationship between digital determinants of health (DDoH) and the risk of social exclusion. The DDoH components identified in the literature were conceptually examined, and then the interactions between these components were assessed using expert opinions using the DEMATEL technique. The analysis identified algorithmic bias, digital cost-effectiveness, digital literacy, and personalized technology as the components with the strongest causal effects on the system. Conversely, components such as data insufficiency and information asymmetry, digital accessibility, and ease of use were identified as consequential. These findings suggest that digital health systems should be designed not only from a technological access perspective but also within a framework of social inclusiveness and ethical integrity. Digital health practices can create new forms of exclusion, particularly for the elderly, low-income groups, and individuals lacking digital skills. Therefore, developing inclusive and fair digital health policies that reduce social exclusion is seen as an important necessity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

social exclusion , health , digital determinants , digital health equity

Kaynakça

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