Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 38, 135 - 153, 01.01.2017

Muzaffer Demir

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aiskh.fr. (= Aiskhylos, Fragmenta) Agamemnon, Libation-Bearers, Eumenides, Fragments II. With an English translation by H. W. Smyth, London: William Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnams’ Sons 1926.
  • Ael.Arist.Ad Rom. (= P.Aelius Aristides, Ad Romanum) The Complete Works. With an English translation by C. A. Behr. Leiden vol. I 1981, II 1986.
  • App.Mithr. (= Appianus, Rhomaika) Mithr. (= Mithridateios) Appian’s Roman History I-IV. With an English translation by H. White. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1912-1913 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Apoll. Rhod. argon. (=Apollonios Rhodios, Argonautica) Apollonios Rhodios, The Argonautica. With an English translation by R. C. Seaton. Reprint. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1967 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Arist. fr. (=Aristoteles, Fragmenta) Aristotelis opera, III: Librorum deperditorum fragmenta, With an edition by O. Gigon, Berlin 1987.
  • Arr. Periplus (= Arrianus, Periplus Ponti Euxini) Arriani Periplus Ponti Euxini Arrianus'un Karadeniz Seyahati, Çev. ve Yor.: M. Arslan. İstanbul 2005.
  • Call.Aetia (=Callimachus, Aetia) Callimachus, Aetia, Iambi, Lyric Poems, Hecale, Minor Epic and Elegiac Poems, Fragments of Epigrams, Fragments of Uncertain Location. With an English translation by C. A. Trypanis. London: Heinemann, 1958 (The Loeb Classical Library.)
  • Diod. (=Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheke Historike) Diodorus of Sicily. With an English translation by R. M. Geer. London, New York 1947 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Hdt. (=Herodotos, Historiai) Herodotus. With an English translation by A. D. Godley. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1920 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Heracl.Lemb.Heraclidis Lembi, Excerpta Politiarum, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Monograph V. With an edition and English translation by M. R. Dilts, Durham 1971.
  • Hippokr. Aer. (=Hippokrates, Peri Aeron) Airs, Waters, Places I-IV. With an English translation by W. H. Jones. London, New York 1923 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Ksen. Anab. (=Ksenophon, Anabasis) Anabasis I-VII. With an English translation by C. L. Brownson. Cambridge, Mass-London 1968 (The Loeb Classical Library)
  • Luc.Nav. (=Lucianus, Navigium) The Works of Lucian of Samosata I-IV. With an English translation by H.W. Fowler-F G. Fowler, Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1905.
  • Mela (=Pomponius Mela, De Chorographia)Pomponius Mela’s Description of the World. With an English translation by F. E. Romer. Ann Arbor 1998.
  • Paus. (=Pausanias, Periegesis tes Hellados) Pausanian Description of Greece I-V. With an English translation by W. H. Jones. London; New York 1918-1935 (The Loeb Classical Library). Plat.Phaid. (=Platon, Phaidon) Phaedo. With an English translation by J. H. Vince. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1966 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Plin.nat. (=G. Plinus Secundus “Yaşlı”, Naturalis Historia)Pliny Natural History I-X. With an English translation by H. R. Rackham-W. H. S. Jones-D. E. Eichholz. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1938-1971 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • SEG XLIV (= Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum) Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (1994). With an edition by H. W. Pleket - R. S. Stroud- J. H. M. Strubbe, Leiden-Boston: Brill, 1997.
  • SEG L “Phasis. Dedication of a silver phiale to Apollo Hegemon, ca. 420-400 B.C.”, Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (50-1383). With an edition by A. Chaniotis-R. S. Stroud- J. H. M. Strubbe, Boston: Brill, 2014
  • Skyl. (= Skylaks, Periplous-Scylacis) “Pseudo-Skylaks: Periplous”, Çev. ve Yor.: M. Arslan, Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi 1, 2012, 239-257.
  • Strab. (=Strabon, Geographika) The Geography of Strabo I-VIII. With an English translation by H. L. Jones. London, New York 1917-1932 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Steph. Byz. Ethnika (=Stephanos Byzantios, Ethnika) Stephani Byzantii, Ethnikon. With an edition by A. Westermann. Libsae 1839. Val. Flac.Argon. (=C. Valerius Flaccus, Argonauticon) Argonautica. With an English translation by W. J. H. Mozley. Cambridge, Mass-London 1939 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Verg. Geor. (= Vergilius, Georgica) Virgil, Georgics. With an English translation by T. C. Williams. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1910.
  • Zos.Hist.Nov. (=Zosimos, Historia Nova) Zosime, Histoire nouvelle. With an edition by F. Paschoud. Paris 1971-1989. Zosimus, The Decline of Rome. With an English translation by J. J. Buchanan and H. T. Davis. Texas 1967.
  • Asheri, D. (1998), “The Achaeans and the Heniochi. Reflections on the Origins and History of a Greek Rhetorical Topos”, içinde: G. R. Tsetskhladze (ed.), The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: A Historical Interpretation of Archaeology, Stutgart, 265-286.
  • Apakidze, J. (2005), “Towards the study of Late Bronze and Early Iron Age settlements and settlement systems of the colchian Culture in Western Georgia”, Archaologische Mitteilungen aus Iran and Turan 37, 175-187.
  • Bacon, J.R. (1925), The Voyage of Argonauts, London: Menthuen.
  • Beall, E.F. (1991), “Hesiod’s Prometheus and Development in Myth”, Journal of History of Ideas 52.3, 355-371.
  • Braund, D. (1994), Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia 550 BC-AD 562, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Demir, M. (2009), “Antik Dönemde Bir Doğu Karadeniz Kavmi: Khalybler”, içinde: H. Çal ve diğerleri (ed.), Giresun ve Doğu Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Sempozyumu 09-11 Ekim 2008, Ankara, 67-85.
  • Dougherty, C. (2006), Prometheus, Taylor and Francis.
  • Grammenos, D. V.-Petropoulos, E.K. (ed.) (2001), Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea II, Oxford.
  • Hansen, M. H.-Nielsen, T.H. (ed.) (2004), An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis, Oxford.
  • Kacharava, D. (1995), “Greek Imports of Archaic and Classical Times in Colchis”, Archäologische Anzeiger 1, 63-73.
  • Köroğlu, K. (2001), “Urartu Krallığı’nın Kuzey Yayılımı ve Qulha Ülkesinin Tarihi Coğrafyası”, Belleten 64.241, 717-741. Kushnareva, K.Kh. (1997), The Southern Caucasus in Prehistory: Stages of Cultural and Socioeconomic Development from the Eighth to the Second Millennium B.C., Tercüme: H. N. Michael, Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.
  • Lordkipanizde, O. (2000), Phasis: River and City in Colchis, Steiner.
  • Regan, A. R. (2009), The Geography of Kingship in Apollonius of Rhodes (Doktora Tezi), University of Michigan.
  • Rothery, G. C. (1910), The Amazons in Antiquity and Modern Times, Francis Griffiths.
  • Shortland, A.J.-Schroeder, H. (2009), “Analysis of first millennium BC glass vessels and beads from the Pichvnari necropolis, Georgia”, Archaeometry 51.6, 947-965.
  • Suny, R. G. (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation, 2 nd ed., Indiana University Press.
  • Treister, M. Yu. (1996), The Role of Metals in Ancient Greek History, Leiden: Brill.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1994), “Colchians, Greeks and Achaemenids in the 7 th-5 th Centuries BC: a Crital Look”, Klio 76, 78-95.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1998), “Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: Stages, Models and Native Population”, içinde: G. R. Tsetskhladze (ed.), The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: A Historical Interpretation of Archaeology, Stutgart, 9-68.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1999), Pichvnari and Its Environs, Presses Universitaires Franc-Comtoises.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (2007), “Pots and Pandemonium: The Earliest East Greek Pottery from North Pontic Native Settlements”, Pontica 40, , 37-70.

HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 38, 135 - 153, 01.01.2017

Muzaffer Demir

Öz

Kolkhis (Gürcistan) ile Hellen ilişkilerinin başlangıcına işaret eden kaynaklar yetersizdir. Bölgeye geldiklerinde Hellenlerin hayat tarzları ve onların yerel nüfusla olan ilişkilerine ışık tutan arkeolojik buluntuların çoğunluğu bize sadece bu yerleşimlerin başlangıçlarıyla bağlantılı öneriler sağlayan seramiklerden oluşmaktadır. Bölgede koloni öncesi ilişkiler MÖ VI. yüzyıl itibariyle sürekli yerleşimler şekline dönüşmüştür. Günümüze kadar Kolkhis’te dört yerleşim yeri kesin olarak tanımlanabilmiştir: Dioskurias-Eshera, Gyenos, Phasis ve Antik ismi hala bilinmeyen Pitchvnari. Biz bu çalışmamızda özellikle nüfus sayıları, tecrübe ve doğal kaynaklara ulaşma bağlamında bu Hellen kolonileri içindeki yerel unsurların da baskın ve diğer bir ifadeyle kültürel etkileşimin karşılıklı, benzer materyallerin kullanımı sonucunda ortak bir kültürün ortaya çıktığı varsayımı üzerine odaklanmaktayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kolkhis Gürcistan Hellen (Yunan) koloni

Kaynakça

  • Aiskh.fr. (= Aiskhylos, Fragmenta) Agamemnon, Libation-Bearers, Eumenides, Fragments II. With an English translation by H. W. Smyth, London: William Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnams’ Sons 1926.
  • Ael.Arist.Ad Rom. (= P.Aelius Aristides, Ad Romanum) The Complete Works. With an English translation by C. A. Behr. Leiden vol. I 1981, II 1986.
  • App.Mithr. (= Appianus, Rhomaika) Mithr. (= Mithridateios) Appian’s Roman History I-IV. With an English translation by H. White. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1912-1913 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Apoll. Rhod. argon. (=Apollonios Rhodios, Argonautica) Apollonios Rhodios, The Argonautica. With an English translation by R. C. Seaton. Reprint. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1967 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Arist. fr. (=Aristoteles, Fragmenta) Aristotelis opera, III: Librorum deperditorum fragmenta, With an edition by O. Gigon, Berlin 1987.
  • Arr. Periplus (= Arrianus, Periplus Ponti Euxini) Arriani Periplus Ponti Euxini Arrianus'un Karadeniz Seyahati, Çev. ve Yor.: M. Arslan. İstanbul 2005.
  • Call.Aetia (=Callimachus, Aetia) Callimachus, Aetia, Iambi, Lyric Poems, Hecale, Minor Epic and Elegiac Poems, Fragments of Epigrams, Fragments of Uncertain Location. With an English translation by C. A. Trypanis. London: Heinemann, 1958 (The Loeb Classical Library.)
  • Diod. (=Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheke Historike) Diodorus of Sicily. With an English translation by R. M. Geer. London, New York 1947 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Hdt. (=Herodotos, Historiai) Herodotus. With an English translation by A. D. Godley. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1920 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Heracl.Lemb.Heraclidis Lembi, Excerpta Politiarum, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Monograph V. With an edition and English translation by M. R. Dilts, Durham 1971.
  • Hippokr. Aer. (=Hippokrates, Peri Aeron) Airs, Waters, Places I-IV. With an English translation by W. H. Jones. London, New York 1923 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Ksen. Anab. (=Ksenophon, Anabasis) Anabasis I-VII. With an English translation by C. L. Brownson. Cambridge, Mass-London 1968 (The Loeb Classical Library)
  • Luc.Nav. (=Lucianus, Navigium) The Works of Lucian of Samosata I-IV. With an English translation by H.W. Fowler-F G. Fowler, Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1905.
  • Mela (=Pomponius Mela, De Chorographia)Pomponius Mela’s Description of the World. With an English translation by F. E. Romer. Ann Arbor 1998.
  • Paus. (=Pausanias, Periegesis tes Hellados) Pausanian Description of Greece I-V. With an English translation by W. H. Jones. London; New York 1918-1935 (The Loeb Classical Library). Plat.Phaid. (=Platon, Phaidon) Phaedo. With an English translation by J. H. Vince. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1966 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Plin.nat. (=G. Plinus Secundus “Yaşlı”, Naturalis Historia)Pliny Natural History I-X. With an English translation by H. R. Rackham-W. H. S. Jones-D. E. Eichholz. Cambridge, Mass.-London 1938-1971 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • SEG XLIV (= Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum) Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (1994). With an edition by H. W. Pleket - R. S. Stroud- J. H. M. Strubbe, Leiden-Boston: Brill, 1997.
  • SEG L “Phasis. Dedication of a silver phiale to Apollo Hegemon, ca. 420-400 B.C.”, Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum (50-1383). With an edition by A. Chaniotis-R. S. Stroud- J. H. M. Strubbe, Boston: Brill, 2014
  • Skyl. (= Skylaks, Periplous-Scylacis) “Pseudo-Skylaks: Periplous”, Çev. ve Yor.: M. Arslan, Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi 1, 2012, 239-257.
  • Strab. (=Strabon, Geographika) The Geography of Strabo I-VIII. With an English translation by H. L. Jones. London, New York 1917-1932 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Steph. Byz. Ethnika (=Stephanos Byzantios, Ethnika) Stephani Byzantii, Ethnikon. With an edition by A. Westermann. Libsae 1839. Val. Flac.Argon. (=C. Valerius Flaccus, Argonauticon) Argonautica. With an English translation by W. J. H. Mozley. Cambridge, Mass-London 1939 (The Loeb Classical Library).
  • Verg. Geor. (= Vergilius, Georgica) Virgil, Georgics. With an English translation by T. C. Williams. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co., 1910.
  • Zos.Hist.Nov. (=Zosimos, Historia Nova) Zosime, Histoire nouvelle. With an edition by F. Paschoud. Paris 1971-1989. Zosimus, The Decline of Rome. With an English translation by J. J. Buchanan and H. T. Davis. Texas 1967.
  • Asheri, D. (1998), “The Achaeans and the Heniochi. Reflections on the Origins and History of a Greek Rhetorical Topos”, içinde: G. R. Tsetskhladze (ed.), The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: A Historical Interpretation of Archaeology, Stutgart, 265-286.
  • Apakidze, J. (2005), “Towards the study of Late Bronze and Early Iron Age settlements and settlement systems of the colchian Culture in Western Georgia”, Archaologische Mitteilungen aus Iran and Turan 37, 175-187.
  • Bacon, J.R. (1925), The Voyage of Argonauts, London: Menthuen.
  • Beall, E.F. (1991), “Hesiod’s Prometheus and Development in Myth”, Journal of History of Ideas 52.3, 355-371.
  • Braund, D. (1994), Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia 550 BC-AD 562, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Demir, M. (2009), “Antik Dönemde Bir Doğu Karadeniz Kavmi: Khalybler”, içinde: H. Çal ve diğerleri (ed.), Giresun ve Doğu Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Sempozyumu 09-11 Ekim 2008, Ankara, 67-85.
  • Dougherty, C. (2006), Prometheus, Taylor and Francis.
  • Grammenos, D. V.-Petropoulos, E.K. (ed.) (2001), Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea II, Oxford.
  • Hansen, M. H.-Nielsen, T.H. (ed.) (2004), An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis, Oxford.
  • Kacharava, D. (1995), “Greek Imports of Archaic and Classical Times in Colchis”, Archäologische Anzeiger 1, 63-73.
  • Köroğlu, K. (2001), “Urartu Krallığı’nın Kuzey Yayılımı ve Qulha Ülkesinin Tarihi Coğrafyası”, Belleten 64.241, 717-741. Kushnareva, K.Kh. (1997), The Southern Caucasus in Prehistory: Stages of Cultural and Socioeconomic Development from the Eighth to the Second Millennium B.C., Tercüme: H. N. Michael, Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.
  • Lordkipanizde, O. (2000), Phasis: River and City in Colchis, Steiner.
  • Regan, A. R. (2009), The Geography of Kingship in Apollonius of Rhodes (Doktora Tezi), University of Michigan.
  • Rothery, G. C. (1910), The Amazons in Antiquity and Modern Times, Francis Griffiths.
  • Shortland, A.J.-Schroeder, H. (2009), “Analysis of first millennium BC glass vessels and beads from the Pichvnari necropolis, Georgia”, Archaeometry 51.6, 947-965.
  • Suny, R. G. (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation, 2 nd ed., Indiana University Press.
  • Treister, M. Yu. (1996), The Role of Metals in Ancient Greek History, Leiden: Brill.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1994), “Colchians, Greeks and Achaemenids in the 7 th-5 th Centuries BC: a Crital Look”, Klio 76, 78-95.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1998), “Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: Stages, Models and Native Population”, içinde: G. R. Tsetskhladze (ed.), The Greek Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: A Historical Interpretation of Archaeology, Stutgart, 9-68.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (1999), Pichvnari and Its Environs, Presses Universitaires Franc-Comtoises.
  • Tsetskhladze, G. R. (2007), “Pots and Pandemonium: The Earliest East Greek Pottery from North Pontic Native Settlements”, Pontica 40, , 37-70.
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm 2016
Yazarlar

Muzaffer Demir

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Sayı: 38

Kaynak Göster

APA Demir, M. (2017). HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER. Sosyal Ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17(38), 135-153.
AMA Demir M. HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER. SOBBİAD. Ocak 2017;17(38):135-153.
Chicago Demir, Muzaffer. “HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER”. Sosyal Ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 17, sy. 38 (Ocak 2017): 135-53.
EndNote Demir M (01 Ocak 2017) HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 17 38 135–153.
IEEE M. Demir, “HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER”, SOBBİAD, c. 17, sy. 38, ss. 135–153, 2017.
ISNAD Demir, Muzaffer. “HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER”. Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi 17/38 (Ocak 2017), 135-153.
JAMA Demir M. HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER. SOBBİAD. 2017;17:135–153.
MLA Demir, Muzaffer. “HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER”. Sosyal Ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 17, sy. 38, 2017, ss. 135-53.
Vancouver Demir M. HELLEN (YUNAN) KOLONİZASYON DÖNEMİ ESNASINDA HELLEN-KOLKHİS (GÜRCİSTAN) İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI VE SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER. SOBBİAD. 2017;17(38):135-53.

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