Development of Visual Search Processes from Game Period to Preadolescence

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 37, 929 - 958, 31.07.2019

Filiz Gürdil , Tevfik Alıcı

https://doi.org/10.21550/sosbilder.517866

Öz

One of the fundamental psychological processes
is visual search. Studies that focus on this aspect of attention commonly use a visual
search task. In this task, a target item in the display
screen is presented to the participants between various distractors. Search difficulty can
be manipulated by varying the number of distracters in the displays or varying
similarity of the target and distracters. The
aim of the present study is to examine the development of visual-spatial
attention from the play period to the pre-adolescence using different visual
search tasks (feature and conjunctive task). In the feature search, the target
is the same with a set distractor in color and does not share any property with
the other set distractor. In the conjunctive search, the target is the
same in terms of color with one set of distractors and shape with the other set
distractor. According to the results of the research, performance was particularly impaired on target-absent trials and with
increasing numbers of distracters in conjunctive search. All
age groups were affected by manipulations but age gradients were more
pronounced in conjunctive search than in feature search. The results of both conjunctive and feature
searches highlighted a development in visual search throughout childhood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

visual attention, visual search, feature search, conjunctive search, visual attention development

OYUN DÖNEMİNDEN ÖN ERGENLİĞE GÖRSEL ARAMA SÜREÇLERİNİN GELİŞİMİ

Öz

Temel
psikolojik süreçlerden biri görsel aramadır. Dikkatin bu yönüne odaklanan
araştırmalar genellikle bir görsel arama görevi kullanırlar. Bu görevde,
katılımcılara görüntü ekranında bir hedef madde çeşitli çeldiriciler arasında
sunulur. Arama
zorluğu görüntü ekranındaki çeldiricilerin sayısını değişimleyerek veya hedef
ve çeldiricilerin benzerliğini değişimleyerek manüpüle edilebilir. Mevcut
araştırmanın amacı, oyun döneminden ön ergenliğe doğru görsel-mekansal dikkatin
gelişimini farklı görsel arama görevleri kullanarak incelemektir (özellik ve
bağlantı görevi). Özellik aramada, hedef bir set çeldirici ile renk bakımından
aynıdır ve diğer set çeldirici ile hiçbir özelliğini paylaşmaz. Bağlantı
aramada, hedef bir set çeldirici ile renk bakımından ve diğer set çeldirici ile
şekil bakımından aynıdır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, performans, özellikle
hedef yok denemelerinde ve bağlantı aramada artan sayıdaki çeldiriciler ile
bozuldu. Tüm yaş grupları manipülasyonlardan etkilendi; ancak yaş gradyanları,
bağlantı aramada özellik aramada olduğundan daha belirgindi. Hem bağlantı hem
de özellik aramaların sonuçları, çocukluk boyunca görsel aramada bir gelişmenin
altını çizdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

görsel dikkat, görsel arama, özellik arama, bağlantı arama, görsel dikkatin gelişimi

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