Desired Labour Supply of the Unemployed in Turkey

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 43, 277 - 294, 25.01.2020

İsmail Şentürk

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.01.16

Öz

This study examines factors affecting desired labour supply of unemployed individuals. Study relies on data obtained from survey that is conducted by face-to-face interview with unemployed people throughout Turkey. The survey has been carried out in minimum one city representative of each statistically designed twelve region. Number of this survey has been determined according to the unemployment rate of both men and women in each of these regions. Accessing 2162 unemployed people, survey has been implemented at Turkish Employment Agency, which is designated for enacting communication between employers and unemployed people. The results obtained from Ordered Probit method show that women, married men and older, disabled, high-educated people demand lower levels of working hours. On the other hand, higher levels of desired labour supply arise from increases in expected levels of wage, non-labour income and existence of a small child or a dependent person in the family. Therefore, the study explores the necessity of differentiating working hours according to sex, education, physical disability and age. It has been discovered that women recede from labour market in case of an increase in their unemployment duration. Besides, the study reveals the positive impact of government nursing services for dependent persons on the desired labour supply.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Labour Supply, Unemployed, Turkey

Türkiye’de İşsizlerin Emek Arzı İsteği

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de işsiz bireylerin arzu ettikleri emek arzını etkileyen faktörler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye genelinde işsiz bireylerle yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen anket çalışması ile elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel olarak oluşturulan 12 bölgenin her birinde, bölgeyi temsil edebilecek en az bir ilde, anket gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bölgedeki erkek ve kadın işsiz sayısına oranlanarak anket sayısı belirlenmiştir. Böylece toplam 2162 işsiz bireye ulaşılmıştır. Anket çalışması işsizlerle işverenlerin bağlantı kurması için kurulmuş olan Türkiye İş Kurumunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sıralı Probit yöntemi sonuçlarına göre; yaşlı bireyler, kadınlar, evli erkekler, fiziksel engeli olanlar, eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanlar daha düşük çalışma süresini arzu etmektedirler. Beklenen ücretteki artış, ücret dışı gelirdeki artış, küçük çocuk sahibi olma ve ailede bakıma muhtaç bireyin bulunması ise daha fazla emek arz etme isteği oluşturmaktadır. Cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, fiziksel engel ve yaşa göre farklı çalışma saatleri sunulması gerekliliği tespit edilmiştir. İşsizlik süresindeki artışın kadınları emek piyasasından uzaklaştırdığı belirlenmiştir. Devletin bakıma muhtaç bireylere bakım hizmeti vermesinin emek arzı isteğine olumlu etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emek Arzı, İşsiz, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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