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Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb

Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3 26 Eylül 2026
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Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb

Öz

Placement predicates are often described as if a single broad caused-putting verb occupied the centre of the field and finer contrasts were supplied only by context, posture, or constructional enrichment. Drawing on the author’s own field materials, this paper gives an elicitation-based analysis of how the Southern Altai (Altay-kizhi) placement field is internally organised. The central observation concerns the uneven strength of the lexical boundaries in the field. Broad sal- covers surface placement and ordinary containment, yet containment is internally differentiated, since suk- is available when placement is construed as insertion into an enclosed or concealment-prone ground. Under restricted access and resistance the encoding shifts, on the evidence of a single elicited token (kiydire sug-up sal-), to heavier converbial chaining. A further, categorial step appears with the denominal locatum verb sapta- ‘furnish (a tool) with a handle’, which entails a fitted, usable result and contrasts with sap et- ‘make a handle’ and sap kiydir- ‘fit the handle physically’. Posture causatives such as turgus- act as a cross-cutting override when the ground supports the figure’s canonical orientation, and analytic auxiliaries (-p sal-, -p al-) package result and completion over an already chosen lexical frame. These contrasts rest on a small elicited sample; the wider claim — that the field is divided by lexical boundaries of differing strength, rather than served by a single broad caused-motion verb — is advanced as a hypothesis for further testing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Altay-kizhi, Southern Altai, placement verbs, figure-ground coupling, event structure, denominal verbs, functional assembly, spatial semantics

Destekleyen Kurum

Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey

Etik Beyan

No data requiring ethics committee approval were included.

Kaynakça

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  3. Bacanlı, Eyüp (2009). “Altay Türkçesindeki -p al- Artfiiline Dair Notlar” [Notes on the -p al- postverb in Altay Turkic]. Türkbilig / Türkoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi 10(17), 33-46.
  4. Bacanlı, Eyüp (2014). Kılınış Kategorisi ve Altaycada Kılınış Belirleyicisi Olarak Art Fiiller [The category of actionality and postverbs as actionality markers in Altai]. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu.
  5. Baskakov, Nikolaj A. (1958). Altajskij jazyk: vvedenie v izučenie altajskogo jazyka i ego dialektov [The Altai language: an introduction to the study of Altai and its dialects]. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR.
  6. Bowerman, Melissa et al. (2004). “Put Project: The Cross-Linguistic Encoding of Placement Events”. Field Manual Volume 9. (Ed. Asifa Majid). Nijmegen: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics. 10-24.
  7. Chumakaev, A. E. (Ed.) (2018). Altajsko-russkij slovar’ [Altai-Russian dictionary]. Gorno-Altaisk: NII Altaistiki im. S. S. Surazakova.
  8. Clark, Eve V. and Herbert H. Clark (1979). “When Nouns Surface as Verbs”. Language 55(4), 767-811.
  9. Dyrenkova, N. P. (1940). Grammatika ojrotskogo jazyka [A grammar of the Oirot language]. (Ed. S. E. Malov). Moscow and Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR.
  10. Johanson, Lars (2021). Turkic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Başbuğ, F. (2026). Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb. Söylem Filoloji Dergisi, 11(3), 2054-2077. https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047
AMA
1.Başbuğ F. Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb. Söylem. 2026;11(3):2054-2077. doi:10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047
Chicago
Başbuğ, Fırat. 2026. “Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb”. Söylem Filoloji Dergisi 11 (3): 2054-77. https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047.
EndNote
Başbuğ F (01 Eylül 2026) Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb. Söylem Filoloji Dergisi 11 3 2054–2077.
IEEE
[1]F. Başbuğ, “Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb”, Söylem, c. 11, sy 3, ss. 2054–2077, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047.
ISNAD
Başbuğ, Fırat. “Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb”. Söylem Filoloji Dergisi 11/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 2054-2077. https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047.
JAMA
1.Başbuğ F. Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb. Söylem. 2026;11:2054–2077.
MLA
Başbuğ, Fırat. “Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb”. Söylem Filoloji Dergisi, c. 11, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 2054-77, doi:10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047.
Vancouver
1.Fırat Başbuğ. Placement Verbs in Southern Altai: Lexical Boundaries and a Denominal Locatum Verb. Söylem. 01 Eylül 2026;11(3):2054-77. doi:10.29110/soylemdergi.1983047