"Napoliten Organize Suç Örgütlerinde Kullanılan Küfürlü Kelimeler İngilizce ve İspanyolcaya Nasıl Çevrilir?"

Yıl 2025, Sayı: Çeviribilim Özel Sayısı II, 521 - 541, 25.03.2025

Heather Adams , Matias Vedaschi Ozzola

https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1600869

Öz

Bu yüzyılda görsel-işitsel içerik üretimindeki üstel artış, görselişitsel
metinlerin çevirisinde önemli bir artışa ve buna bağlı
olarak bu çevirilerin geniş bir yelpazede incelenmesine yol
açmıştır. Aynı şekilde, küfür etme olgusu da sosyal bir fenomen
olarak giderek daha fazla ilgi görmüş, farklı metin türlerinde
nasıl temsil edildiği ve bu tür bir dilin çeviride nasıl aktarıldığı
üzerine çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Son yirmi yılda, özellikle filmler
ve dizilerde kullanılan küfürlerin çevirisi üzerine yapılan
araştırmalar artış göstermiştir. Bu araştırmalar, genellikle,
İngilizce konuşan kurgusal karakterler tarafından söylenmiş,
bayağı, kaba, iğrenç, hakaretkar veya tabu olarak kabul edilen
ifadelerin diğer dillere nasıl aktarıldığı üzerinde
yoğunlaşmıştır. Daha yakın bir tarihte ise, yayın
platformlarının ortaya çıkışı ve hızlı büyümesiyle, görsel-işitsel
kurguların İngilizceye çevirisinin arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu
bağlamda, bu çalışma, İtalyan dizisi Gomorrah’nın orijinal
Napoli lehçesinde kullanılan küfürleri, kullanılan küfür türleri,
tabu ifadelerin gönderme yaptığı referans sistemleri ve bu
küfürlerin hangi işlevleri yerine getirdiği temelinde
tanımlamakta ve analiz etmektedir. İkinci aşamada ise, bu
unsurların İngilizce (altyazılı) versiyonu ve İspanyolca
(dublajlı) versiyonlarındaki çevirilerini, görsel-işitsel çeviri
2
türlerinin her birinde karşılaşılan kısıtlamalar ve kullanılan
çeviri teknikleri ışığında sunmakta; ayrıca her bir çevrilmiş
versiyonda kullanılan dilin gücünün yoğunlaştırılıp
yoğunlaştırılmadığını, korunup korunmadığını ya da
hafifletilip hafifletilmediğini belirtmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Görsel-işitsel çeviri, Gomorrah, tabu ifadeler, küfrün işlevleri, çeviri teknikleri, İngilizceye çeviri, yoğunlaştırma, zayıflatma.

How Does Neapolitan Organised Crime Swear in English and Spanish?

Öz

The exponential boom in audiovisual content creation this
century has led to a significant increase in the translation of
audiovisual texts, and, subsequently, in the study of these
translations from a wide range of perspectives. Likewise, an
increasing amount of attention has been paid to swearing as a
social phenomenon, its representation in different types of texts
and the ways in which this type of language is then rendered in
translation. The last twenty years have seen an upsurge in the
research carried out on the translation of swearing in films and
series, typically in the rendering in other languages of
expressions considered vulgar, rude, foul, blasphemous or
taboo that were originally uttered by fictional characters in
English. More recently, with the emergence and boom of
streaming platforms, an increased amount of audiovisual
fiction has been translated into English. In this context, this
study describes and analyses the swear words used in the
original Neapolitan dialect of the Italian series Gomorrah, based
on the type of swearing used, the systems of reference alluded
to by taboo expressions and the functions said instances of
swearing fulfill. In a second step, it also presents translations of
3
these elements in the English (subtitled) version and the
Spanish (dubbed) version, in the light of the constraints
involved in each of the modalities of audiovisual translation
and the translation techniques used, together with an indication
as to whether or not the strength of the language used has been
intensified, preserved or attenuated in each translated version.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Audiovisual translation, Gomorrah, taboo expressions, functions of swearing, translation techniques, translation into English, intensification, attenuation.

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