Sporcu ergen kızların spora katılımının sosyo-ekolojik model ve toplumsal cinsiyet yaklaşımı bağlamında analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ergenlik dönemindeki sporcu kızların spor deneyimlerinin sosyo-ekolojik model çerçevesinde toplumsal cinsiyet yaklaşımıyla incelenmesidir. Eleştirel ve feminist paradigmalar bağlamında tasarladığımız bu nitel araştırmada, Türkiye’nin 6 farklı ilinde toplam 27 sporcu kız (9-17 yaş) ile derinlemesine bireysel görüşmeler gerçekleştirildi. İçerik analizi sonucunda, kızların spor deneyimlerinin sosyo-ekolojik model kapsamında bireysel, sosyal, fiziksel ve politik faktörlerden etkilendiği ortaya çıktı. Ergen kızların spora katılımını ve spora devam etmelerini sağlayan faktörler şu şekilde sınıflandırıldı: Bireysel: motivasyon, özgüven ve eğlence; Sosyal: aile bireylerinin spora katılımı ve kızlarını desteklemesi, beden eğitimi öğretmenleri, takım arkadaşlarıyla ilişkilendirilen kardeşlik duygusu ve Fiziksel: okulların spor olanaklarının olması. Bununla birlikte eğitim ve spor politikaları temelinde kızların sporcu ve öğrenci kimliği arasında gerilim yaşadıkları görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın ergen kızların spora katılımları ve devam etme süreçlerini destekleyici politikaların üretilmesinde önemli bir kaynak oluşturacağı düşünülmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ergen sporcu kızlar, spora katılım, toplumsal cinsiyet

ANALYSIS OF SPORT PARTICIPATION OF ADOLESCENT FEMALE ATHLETES WITH SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL MODEL AND GENDER PERSPECTIVE

Öz

The purpose of this study is to analyze the sport experiences of adolescent female athletes based on the socio-ecological model and gender perspective. We grounded the study on qualitative methodology and critical and feminist paradigms. We collected the data with individual interviews from 27 female athletes who live in different (six) cities in Turkey, with differing socioeconomic backgrounds. Content analysis showed that sport experiences of adolescent female athletes were shaped by various and frequently overlapping socio-ecological dimensions, such as individual factors; motivation, self-confidence and fun; social factors; sport involvement of family, family support, and sisterhood that is associated with physical education teachers and teammates, and physical factors; sport facilities provided by school. However, in terms of political factors, we found out that adolescent female athletes swing between studentships and athletics on account of educational policies and non-existing state support. We presume that this study, by emphasizing the importance of gender and the socio-ecological factors, will contribute to the state policies that would aim to improve the participation and maintenance of girls in sport in Turkey

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolescent female athletes, sport participation, gender

Kaynakça

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