Babalarda Doğum Korkusu: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, babalarda doğum korkusu yaşama durumu ve etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Yöntem: Çalışmada veriler, Ekim 2024-Kasım 2024 tarihleri arasında Google Akademik, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science ve Cochrane veri tabanlarından Türkçe ve İngilizce dizinler taranarak elde edilmiştir. 2014-2024 yılları arasında yayımlanan, tam metnine ulaşılan, babalarda veya çiftlerde doğum korkusunu araştıran çalışmalar dahil edilmiştir. Literatür taramasında İngilizce "tocophobia" OR "fear of childbirth" OR "childbirth fear" AND "father's fear of childbirth" ile Türkçe "tokofobi" VEYA "doğum korkusu" VE "babanın doğum korkusu" anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. İlk taramada 1.875 makale bulunmuş, başlıklar incelenerek tekrarlayan ve kriterleri karşılamayan makaleler çıkarılmış, son olarak uygun olan 10 makale araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler öyküsel anlatım yöntemiyle sentezlenmiştir. Bulgular: İncelenen çalışmaların toplam örneklem hacmi 6.488’dir. Sonuçlar, babalarda doğum korkusu prevalansının %5,0 ile %54,3 arasında değiştiğini göstermektedir. İlk kez baba olan, göç eden ve olumsuz duygular yaşayan babaların doğum korkusu düzeyi yüksektir. Olumsuz doğum deneyimi yaşayan erkeklerin korku puanları daha yüksektir. Ayrıca, babaların doğum korkusu, tercih edilen doğum yöntemini etkilemekte ve partner/eşin sezaryenle doğum yapmasını isteyen erkeklerin korku düzeyi artmaktadır. Sonuç: Babalar ve annelerin doğum korkuları arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Sağlık profesyonellerinin, doğum korkusunu detaylı bir şekilde ele alması ve doğum öncesi eğitim programlarının annenin yanı sıra baba adaylarının da ihtiyaçlarına göre düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anksiyete
• babalık davranışı
• doğum eylemi
• korku

Fear of Childbirth in Fathers: A Systematic Review

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the fear of childbirth in fathers and the factors affecting it. Methods: The data for this study were obtained by searching Turkish and English indexes in the Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases between October 2024 and November 2024. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 that investigated fear of childbirth in fathers or couples and whose full text was available were included. The literature search used the English keywords “tocophobia” OR “fear of childbirth” OR “childbirth fear” AND “father's fear of childbirth” and the Turkish keywords ‘tokofobi’ OR “doğum korkusu” AND “babanın doğum korkusu.” The initial search yielded 1,875 articles. Titles were reviewed, and duplicate and non-compliant articles were excluded. Finally, 10 suitable articles were included in the study. Data were synthesized using a narrative synthesis method. Results: The total sample size of the studies reviewed is 6,488. The results show that the prevalence of birth fear in fathers ranges from 5.0% to 54.3%. Fathers who are first-time fathers, who have migrated, and who experience negative emotions have high levels of fear of childbirth. Men who have had a negative birth experience have higher fear scores. Furthermore, fathers' fear of childbirth affects their preferred method of delivery, and men who want their partner/spouse to have a cesarean delivery have increased levels of fear. Conclusion: A positive relationship has been found between fathers' and mothers' fears of childbirth. It is recommended that healthcare professionals address fears of childbirth in detail and that prenatal education programs be tailored to the needs of both mothers and fathers-to-be.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anxiety
• paternal behavior
• labor
• fear

Kaynakça

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