Effect of Shift Work on Mindful Eating: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 139 - 145, 09.06.2023

Murat Demirezen Şerife Büyükokudan Ali Rıza Coşkun Uğur Büyükokudan Yiğit Şenol

https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1121357

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine eating awareness and factors affecting it in shift workers.
Method: The study included 159 employees working in a hotel in Afyonkarahisar. Data were collected with a questionnaire form including sociodemographic and working characteristics of the workers and the Mindful Eating Questionnare (MEQ). Percentage distributions of categorical data between groups were evaluated by Chi-Square test and correlations between continuous data were evaluated by Spearman test.
Results: When the participants' scores from the sub-dimensions of the MEQ were analyzed, emotional eating was significantly higher in married employees (p=0.040) and mindfulness was significantly lower in shift workers (p=0.049). There was a positive correlation between age and emotional eating (r=0.302, p<0.01). Gender, chronic disease, sleep duration and working environment were not found to be effective variables on the sub-dimensions of MEQ.
Conclusion: Marital status was found to affect eating mindfulness and eating mindfulness was found to be low in shift workers. As a result, it was evaluated that more research on eating mindfulness in employees is necessary in terms of public health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Feeding behavior, Feeding and eating disorders, Mindfulness, Employees

Vardiyalı Çalışmanın Yeme Farkındalığı Üzerine Etkisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada vardiyalı çalışanlarda yeme farkındalığı ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya Afyonkarahisarda bir otel çalışanı olan 159 çalışan dahil edilmiştir. Veriler çalışanların sosyodemografik ve çalışma özelliklerini içeren anket formu ve Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği (YFÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Kategorik verilerin gruplar arası yüzde dağılımları Ki Kare testi ile sürekli veriler arasındaki korelasyonun Spearman testi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların YFÖ alt boyutlarından aldıkları puanlar incelendiğinde duygusal yeme evli çalışanlarda anlamlı derecede yüksek (p=0,040) ve farkındalık, vardiyalı çalışanlarda anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,049). Yaş ile duygusal yeme arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmaktadır (r=0,302, p<0,01). Cinsiyet, kronik hastalık, uyku süresi ve çalışma ortamı ile YFÖ alt boyutları üzerine etkili değişkenler olmadığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Medeni durumun yeme farkındalığını etkilediği ve vardiyalı çalışanlarda yeme farkındalığın düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışanlarda yeme farkındalığına yönelik daha fazla araştırma yapılmasının toplum sağlığı açısından gerekli olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beslenme Davranışı, Beslenme ve Yeme Bozuklukları, Farkındalık, Çalışanlar

Kaynakça

• 1. Mohd Azmi NAS, Juliana N, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Azmani S, Das S, Effendy N. Consequences of circadian disruption in shift workers on chrononutrition and their psychosocial well-being. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 2020;17(6):2043.
• 2. Sun M, Feng W, Wang F, Li P, Li Z, Li M, et al. Meta‐analysis on shift work and risks of specific obesity types. Obesity Reviews. 2018;19(1):28-40.
• 3. Guerrero-Vargas NN, Espitia-Bautista E, Buijs RM, Escobar C. Shift-work: is time of eating determining metabolic health? Evidence from animal models. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2018;77(3):199-215.
• 4.Kelly RM, Healy U, Sreenan S, McDermott JH, Coogan AN. Clocks in the clinic: circadian rhythms in health and disease. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2018;94(1117):653-8.
• 5.Souza RV, Sarmento RA, de Almeida JC, Canuto R. The effect of shift work on eating habits: a systematic review. Scandinavian Journal Of Work, Environment & Health. 2019;45(1):7-21.
• 6. D’Annibale M, Hornzee N, Whelan M, Guess N, Hall W, Gibson R. Eating on the night shift: A need for evidence‐based dietary guidelines? Nutrition Bulletin. 2021;46(3):339-49.
• 7. Caldwell AE, Sayer RD. Evolutionary considerations on social status, eating behavior, and obesity. Appetite. 2019;132:238-48.
• 8. Böber E. Obezite Fizyopatolojisi. Turkiye Klinikleri Pediatric Sciences. 2015;11(3):1-6.
• 9. Bryant EJ, Rehman J, Pepper LB, Walters ER. Obesity and eating disturbance: the role of TFEQ restraint and disinhibition. Current Obesity Reports. 2019;8(4):363-72.
• 10. Carrière K, Khoury B, Günak MM, Knäuper B. Mindfulness‐based interventions for weight loss: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Obesity Reviews. 2018;19(2):164-77.
• 11. Hernando A, Pallás R, Cebolla A, García-Campayo J, Hoogendoorn CJ, Roy JF. Mindfulness, rumination, and coping skills in young women with Eating Disorders: A comparative study with healthy controls. Plos One. 2019;14(3):e0213985.
• 12. Köse G, Tayfur M, Birincioğlu İ, Dönmez A. Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği’ni Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2016;3(1):125-34.
• 13. Dunn C, Haubenreiser M, Johnson M, Nordby K, Aggarwal S, Myer S, et al. Mindfulness approaches and weight loss, weight maintenance, and weight regain. Current Obesity Reports. 2018;7(1):37-49.
• 14. Arslan M, Aydemir İ. Relationship between emotional appetite, eating attitudes, sleep quality, and body mass index in healthcare workers: a multi-centre study. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 2019;29(3):346-53.
• 15. Hulsegge G, Proper KI, Loef B, Paagman H, Anema JR, van Mechelen W. The mediating role of lifestyle in the relationship between shift work, obesity and diabetes. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2021;94(6):1287-95.
• 16. Almajwal AM. Stress, shift duty, and eating behavior among nurses in Central Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal. 2016;37(2):191.
• 17. Abdul Basir SM, Abdul Manaf Z, Ahmad M, Abdul Kadir NBy, Ismail WNK, Mat Ludin AF, et al. Reliability and Validity of the Malay Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ-M) among Overweight and Obese Adults. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health. 2021;18(3):1021.
• 18. Ayaz A. 18-65 Yaş arası bireylerin yeme tutumu ve farkındalığının araştırılması. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Medipol Üniversitesi, 2021.
• 19. Bilici S, Ayhan B, Karabudak E, Koksal E. Factors affecting emotional eating and eating palatable food in adults. Nutrition Research And Practice. 2020;14(1):70-5.
• 20. Samuel L, Cohen M. Expressive suppression and emotional eating in older and younger adults: An exploratory study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2018;78:127-31.
• 21. Bozoklu G. Edirne kent nüfusunda yeme davranışı ve etkileyen faktörler. Tıp Fakültesi,Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı, Uzmanlık Tezi, Edirne: Trakya Üniversitesi,2014.
• 22. Talbot LS, Maguen S, Epel ES, Metzler TJ, Neylan TC. Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with emotional eating. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2013;26(4):521-5.
• 23. Schnettler B, Robinovich J, Orellana L, Miranda-Zapata E, Oda-Montecinos C, Hueche C, et al. Eating styles profiles in Chilean women: A latent Profile analysis. Appetite. 2021;163:105211.
• 24. Gürkan KP, Aydoğdu NG, Dokuzcan DA, Yalçinkaya A. The effects of nurses' perceived stress and life satisfaction on their emotional eating behaviors. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2021.
• 25. López-Cepero A, Frisard C, Lemon SC, Rosal MC. Emotional eating mediates the relationship between food insecurity and obesity in Latina women. Journal Of Nutrition Education And Behavior. 2020;52(11):995-1000.
• 26. Braden A, Musher-Eizenman D, Watford T, Emley E. Eating when depressed, anxious, bored, or happy: are emotional eating types associated with unique psychological and physical health correlates? Appetite. 2018;125:410-7.
• 27. Freitas EdSd, Canuto R, Henn RL, Olinto BA, Macagnan JBA, Pattussi MP, et al. Alteration in eating habits among shift workers of a poultry processing plant in southern Brazil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 2015;20:2401-10.
• 28. Wong H, Wong MC, Wong SY, Lee A. The association between shift duty and abnormal eating behavior among nurses working in a major hospital: a cross-sectional study. International Journal Of Nursing Studies. 2010;47(8):1021-7.
• 29. Balieiro LCT, Rossato LT, Waterhouse J, Paim SL, Mota MC, Crispim CA. Nutritional status and eating habits of bus drivers during the day and night. Chronobiology İnternational. 2014;31(10):1123-9.
• 30. Strzemecka J, Bojar I, Strzemecka E, Owoc A. Dietary habits among persons hired on shift work. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2014;21(1).