İSKOÇ SAVCISININ CEZAİ UYUŞMAZLIĞI SORUŞTURMA EVRESİNDE SONLANDIRMA YETKİLERİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 267 - 318, 12.03.2024

Rahime Erbaş

https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1404184

Öz

İskoç ceza muhakemesinde savcının cezai uyuşmazlığı soruşturma evresinde sonlandırmaya ilişkin yetkileri, oldukça kapsamlıdır. Savcı, bu hukuk sisteminde adeta soruşturma evresindeki hâkim konumundadır. İskoç ceza muhakemesi örneğinde savcının cezai uyuşmazlığı sonlandırma yetkilerinin incelenmesini konu alan bu çalışma ile yargının olağanüstü iş yükünün güncel bir mesele olduğu Türk hukukuna katkı sunabilmek hedeflenmiştir. Birçok ülkede olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de yargının iş yüküne çözüm üretilmesinde genellikle yetkileri gözden geçirilen ilk basamak, savcılık makamı olmaktadır. Türk hukukunda savcıların artan yetkileri karşısında, itham- tahkik skalasında Türk ceza muhakemesi ile taban tabana zıt bir anlayışı temsil eden İskoç ceza muhakemesinin örnek olarak incelenmesinde fayda görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada sırasıyla; İskoçya’da ceza muhakemesinin “bir sistem” değil; “otonom birimler” tarafından yürütülen faaliyetler alanı olarak görülmesi şeklindeki metodoloji ortaya koyduktan sonra (I) İskoç savcısının İngiltere ve Galler’den farklılıklarını göstereceğiz (II) ve İskoçya’daki savcı ve savcılık teşkilatına (III) yer vereceğiz. Sonrasında bazı dava örnekleriyle savcının geniş yetkilere sahip oluşu (IV) ele alındıktan sonra savcının soruşturmayı nihayetlendirmesinde ilk aşama (delilleri değerlendirme) (V) ile maslahata uygunluk (kamusal menfaat) incelemesi ve değerlendirmesi aşamasını (VI) ortaya koyacağız. Son olarak savcının, kamu davasının alternatiflerini (direct measures) uygulama yetkisi ile onarıcı adalet gibi diversiyonlara yönlendirme yetkilerinden (VII) bahsedeceğiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İskoç savcısı, kamu menfaati, maslahata uygunluk ilkesi, yargının iş yükü, alternatif tedbirler

The Power of the Scottish Prosecutor to Conclude the Case at the Pre-trial

Öz

Scottish criminal procedure represents a broad range of power of the prosecutor to conclude cases at the pre-trial stage. The Scottish prosecutors act literally as a judge of the pre-trial. This study displays the Scottish prosecutor's powers to conclude cases. As such the study, aims to contribute to Turkish law dealing with the extraordinary workload of the judiciary as a current issue. In Turkey, as in many countries, the first step whose powers are generally reviewed in finding a solution to the workload of the judiciary is the prosecutor. In the face of the increasing powers of prosecutors in Turkish law, it was deemed useful to show the Scottish criminal procedure, which represents a completely opposite approach to the Turkish criminal procedure in the adversarial-inquisitorial scale, as an example. In so doing, the study figures out the methodology that criminal procedure in Scotland, which is not seen as “a system” but as a field of activities carried out by “autonomous units” (I). Secondly it brings to the attention the differences of the Scottish prosecutor from England and Wales (II). Then it shows the history of the Scottish prosecutor and the prosecution service in Scotland (III). Afterwards, after discussing the prosecutor's broad powers through some famous examples (IV), the study discusses the first step which is taken by the prosecutor to decide for charge (V) and assessments criteria of the public interest by the prosecutor (VI). Finally, it briefly presents alternative disposal which is also known as direct measures applied as well as diversion programs such as restorative justice programs and medical measures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Scottish prosecutor, public interest, principle of expediency (opportunity), workload of the judiciary, alternative measures, criminal procedure in Scotland

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