Transport Poverty and Social Exclusion

Öz

Although there is an emphasis on fighting against poverty in sustainable development goals (SDGs), poverty is still a problem for both developing and developed countries because of its multi-dimensionality. Transport poverty is a statement of a loss or lack of transportation means to enable individuals and households to meet their basic needs and daily activities. Access to transportation, the affordability of transportation, and the increase in mobility are gaining importance, especially with the existence of vulnerable groups, in the fight against both poverty and social exclusion. The social, economic, and environmental contexts must be considered while assessing sustainable transportation. In this regard, transportation helps to ensure that climate treaties and targets for sustainable development can be successfully met. In order to combat climate change and protect the environment, transportation must enhance mobility while decreasing the release of greenhouse gases. Transport policies, which are inclusive and integrated with other social policy areas such as education and health, are instruments for increasing social participation, reducing vulnerabilities, and sustaining economic growth. In this study, the factors affecting transport poverty and its impact on social exclusion are evaluated through sustainability, mobility, and the fight against climate change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Transport poverty
• social exclusion
• mobility
• sustainability

Ulaşım Yoksulluğu ve Toplumsal Dışlanma

Öz

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerinde yoksullukla mücadele vurgusu olsa da yoksulluk çok boyutluluğu ile hem gelişmekte olan hem de gelişmiş ülkelerde bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Ulaşım yoksulluğu, bireylerin ya da hanehalklarının temel ihtiyaçlarını ve faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirmelerini sağlayacak ulaşım olanaklarından yoksunluklarının bir ifadesidir. Ulaşıma erişim, ulaşımın karşılanabilirliği ve mobilitenin arttırılması hem yoksullukla hem de toplumsal dışlanma ile mücadelede özellikle kırılgan gruplar açısından önem kazanmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir ulaşım üzerinden değerlendirme yapıldığında sosyal, ekonomik ve çevresel bağlamın dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda ulaşım, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri ve iklim anlaşmalarının başarıyla gerçekleştirilmesinde de destekleyici rol üstlenmektedir. Ulaşım, mobiliteyi arttırırken sera gazı salımını azaltıcı yönde faaliyet gösterdiğinde iklim değişikliği ile mücadele ve çevrenin korunmasına ilişkin gereklilikler de sağlanmış olacaktır. Kapsayıcı ve diğer sosyal politika alanları ile bütünleşmiş ulaşım politikaları, toplumsal içerilmenin arttırılmasında, kırılganlıkların azaltılmasında ve iktisadi büyümenin sağlanmasında kullanılabilecek araçlar arasındadır. Çalışmada, ulaşım yoksulluğu üzerinde etkili olan faktörler ve toplumsal dışlanma üzerindeki etkisi sürdürülebilirlik, mobilite ve iklim değişikliği ile mücadele üzerinden değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ulaşım yoksulluğu
• toplumsal dışlanma
• mobilite
• sürdürülebilirlik

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