RASYONEL KURUMSALCILIK VE SOSYOLOJİK KURUMSALCILIK AÇISINDAN AVRUPALILAŞMA YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

ÖZ

Avrupa Birliği Soğuk Savaşın sona ermesinden sonra Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerini üyeliğe kabul ederek genişleme sürecine girdi. Bu süreçte Avrupa Birliği üye ve aday ülkelerin siyasi ve ekonomik yapılarını kendi müktesebatına uygun olarak dönüştürürken, AB’nin bu dönüştürücü etkisi Avrupalılaşma (Europeanization) kavramı ile ifade edilmeye başlanmıştır. Avrupa Birliği aday ülkelerde demokratikleşmeye ne şekilde etkide bulunmaktadır ve bu etki mekanizmasını açıklayan kuramsal yaklaşımlar nelerdir, özellikle adaylık sürecinde Avrupa Birliği etkisiyle ortaya çıkan demokratik değişim hangi kuramsal çerçeve ile açıklanabilir gibi sorulara Avrupalılaşma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde cevap aranmaktadır. Bu anlamda AB genişleme politikası bağlamında tartışılmaya başlanan Avrupalılaşma kavramı üye veya aday ülkelerde Avrupa Birliği etkisi ile ortaya çıkan iç değişime işaret eder. Avrupalılaşma çalışmalarında ülkelerin demokratik dönüşümünü kuramsal olarak açıklamak üzere kurumsalcı temelde, dış teşvik modeli ve sosyal öğrenme modellerinden faydalanılır. Bu modeller bir dış etken olarak AB’nin özelikle aday ülkelerin demokratik değişimindeki etkisini açıklamak üzere yararlı bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı Avrupalılaşma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde sosyal öğrenme ve dış teşvik modellerinin varsayımları doğrultusunda AB’nin aday ülkeler üzerindeki demokratikleştirici etkisini kuramsal açıdan açıklamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Avrupalılaşma, Kurumsalcılık, Dış Teşvik Modeli, Sosyal Öğrenme, Demokratikleşme

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupalılaşma,Kurumsalcılık,Dış Teşvik Modeli,Sosyal Öğrenme,Demokratikleşme

THE APPROACH OF EUROPENIZATION IN TERMS OF RATIONAL AND SOCIOLOGIC INSTITUTIONALISM

Öz

ABSTRACT

After the end of the Cold War, the European Union entered the process of enlargement by accepting Central and Eastern European countries membership. In this process, the European Union has transformed the political and economic structures of its member and candidate countries in accordance with its acquis. This transformative effect of the EU has begun to be expressed by the concept of Europeanization. How the European Union is influencing democratization in candidate countries and what are the theoretical approaches that explain this mechanism of influence? Which theoretical framework explain the democratic change that emerged under the influence of the European Union, especially in the process of nomination? The answer to such questions is sought within the framework of the Europeanization approach. In this sense, the notion of Europeanisation, which has begun to be discussed in the context of the EU enlargement policy, points to the internal change resulting from the influence of the European Union in the member or candidate Countries.Europeanization studies use external incentive models and social learning models to explain countries' democratic transformation.These models provides a useful framework for explaining the influence of the EU as an external factor, especially in the democratic transformation of candidate countries.The aim of this article is to theoretically explain the democratizing effect of the EU on the candidate Countries, in the context of Europeanization Approach that is based on social learning and external incentives models.

Keywords: Europeanization, Institutionalism, External Incentives, Social Learning Model, Democratization.

JEL Codes:

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Europeanization,Institutionalism,External Incentives,Social Learning Model,Democratization

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