Telif Hukuku Kapsamında Metin ve Veri Madenciliğine İlişkin Mukayeseli Bir Analiz ve Türk Hukuku İçin Model Önerisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, dijital dönüşümün ve büyük veri olgusunun merkezinde yer alan metin ve veri madenciliği faaliyetlerini telif hukuku perspektifinden analiz ederek Türk hukuku için bir model önerisi sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. TDM teknikleri, özellikle bilimsel araştırmalar ve yapay zekâ sistemlerinin eğitimi süreçlerinde veri setlerinden örüntü ve korelasyonlar elde edilmesini sağlayan temel bir araç niteliğindedir. Ancak bu süreçte gerçekleştirilen teknik kopyalama işlemleri, eser sahiplerinin çoğaltma hakkı ile TDM’nin ifadesel olmayan kullanım niteliği arasında yapısal bir gerilime yol açmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, ABD’deki adil kullanım doktrini, Avrupa Birliği’ndeki CDSM Direktifi istisnaları ve Japonya’daki esnek istisna modeli mukayeseli bir biçimde incelenerek, bu sistemlerin teknolojik inovasyon ile telif hakları arasında kurduğu denge değerlendirilmiştir. Türk telif hukukundaki mevcut durum ve yasal düzenleme girişimlerinin TDM tabanlı teknolojiler karşısında yetersiz kalabileceği tespit edilerek, uluslararası telif hukukundan kaynaklanan yükümlülükleri ile uyumlu, hem hukuki öngörülebilirliği sağlayan hem de bilişim çağında rekabetçiliği destekleyen özgün bir yasal sınırlama hükmü önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Metin ve veri madenciliği (TDM)
• Yapay zekâ eğitimi
• Telif hakkı
• Çoğaltma hakkı
• İstisna ve sınırlamalar

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEXT AND DATA MINING WITHIN THE SCOPE OF COPYRIGHT LAW AND A MODEL PROPOSAL FOR TURKISH LAW

Öz

This study aims to analyze text and data mining activities, which lie at the center of digital transformation and the phenomenon of big data, from a copyright law perspective and to propose a model for Turkish law. TDM techniques constitute a fundamental tool that enables the extraction of patterns and correlations from datasets, particularly in scientific research and in the training processes of artificial intelligence systems. However, the technical copying operations carried out in this process give rise to a structural tension between authors’ reproduction right and the non-expressive nature of TDM. Within the scope of the study, the fair use doctrine in the United States, the exceptions under the EU CDSM Directive, and the flexible exception model in Japan are examined comparatively, and the balance these systems establish between technological innovation and copyright is assessed. By identifying that the current situation in Turkish copyright law and legislative initiatives may remain inadequate in the face of TDM-based technologies, a unique legal limitation provision has been proposed that is compatible with obligations arising from international copyright law, provides legal predictability, and supports competitiveness in the information age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Text and data mining (TDM)
• AI training
• Copyright law
• Right of reproduction
• Limitations and exceptions

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