BREXIT’İN AB’NİN TARAF OLDUĞU ULUSLARARASI HUKUK ANLAŞMALARI ÜZERİNDE DOĞURACAĞI ETKİLER

Öz

AB üyesi bir devlet olarak İngiltere çok sayıda uluslararası anlaşmanın tarafı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. AB’nin Çalışma Usulleri Hakkındaki Sözleşme’nin AB’den çıkmaya ilişkin 50. maddesi AB’den çıkmanın taraf olunan anlaşmalar üzerinde doğuracağı etkileri düzenlememektedir. Ekseri uluslararası hukuk anlaşması da bu tür düzenlemeler içermemektedir. Bu nedenle Brexit’in uluslararası anlaşmalar üzerinde doğuracağı etkilerin genel uluslararası hukuka, özellikle Viyana Anlaşmalar Hukuku Sözleşmesinde kısmen kodifiye edilen teamül hukukuna göre cevaplandırılması gerekmektedir. Şüphesiz tüm anlaşmalar için aynı cevapların verilmesini mümkün kılan, genel geçerliliğe sahip kurallar bulunmamaktadır. Bu cevapların anlaşma taraflarına ve anlaşmanın içeriğine göre farklılık gösterdiği görülmektedir. AB’nin özellikle münhasır yetkileri alanında yapmış olduğu anlaşmalardan Brexit ertesinde İngiltere bakımından hak ve yükümlülük doğması mümkün değildir. Buna karşılık AB’nin ve üye devletlerin birlikte taraf olduğu karma anlaşmaların prensip olarak İngiltere bakımından bağlayıcılığı prensip olarak devam edecektir. Makalede Brexit’in bir taraftan İngiltere’nin, diğer taraftan AB’nin uluslararası hukuk anlaşmalarından doğan hakları ve yükümlülükleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AB’nin münhasır yetkileri
• AB’nin paylaşılmış yetkileri
• Karma Anlaşmalar
• clausula rebus sic stantibus
• anlaşmaların sona ermesi

The Effects of Brexit on Treaties Under International Law Which the EU is a Party to These Treaties

Öz

The United Kingdom is the party to several international treaties as a EU member. The Article 50 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union about the withdrawal from EU membership does not regulate the effects of the withdrawal on international treaties. The greater part of international treaties does not involve such effects too. It is necessary to answer the effects of Brexit on international treaties pursuant to general international law, especially customary law codified partly in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Undoubtedly, there are no rules about such effects in international law for all treaties. Such effects may differ from each other in terms of parties and the content of treaties. It is impossible that the treaties the EU concluded especially within its exclusive competence may impose rights and responsibilities for the United Kingdom after the Brexit. On the other hand, the mixed treaties to which the EU and member states are parties together will continue to bind the United Kingdom. In the article, the effects of Brexit on the rights and responsibilities of the United Kingdom and the EU deriving from international treaties will be assessed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• EU’s exclusive competences
• EU’s shared competences
• Mixed Treaties
• clausula rebus sic stantibus
• termination of treaties.

Kaynakça

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