Evaluation of organic agriculture performance of some European Union countries by TOPSIS Method

Öz

Purpose: Similar to all countries of the world, organic agriculture is given importance and organic agriculture is supported in the European Union. There are significant differences between the organic farming potentials of the European Union countries. Therefore, the aim of the research is to compare the organic farming performance of some European Union countries according to the criteria set. Design/Methodology/Approach: The organic agriculture performances of the European Union countries were evaluated in terms of various criteria (organic agriculture area, number of producers engaged in organic production, etc.). In the research, TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the organic agriculture performances of the countries. Findings: According to the results of the TOPSIS analysis, it has been determined that France is the country with the highest organic agriculture performance in terms of the criteria considered for the period 2017-2021. Originality/Value: Organic agriculture is a very important agricultural system for the European Union countries due to its low environmental impact on the one hand and its focus on quality food on the other. Within the scope of the “Farm to fork” strategy of the Green Deal, the European Commission has set a target of organic farming on at least 25% of the European Union's agricultural land by 2030. Each Member State has prepared its National Common Agricultural Policy Strategy in line with the objectives of the European Green Deal for the agricultural sector. The Common Agricultural Policy Strategic Plans have started to be implemented as of January 2023. The development in the organic agriculture production areas of the countries and their performances in this regard have an important place in the plans. In this research, it is considered important to calculate and compare the performances of EU countries on agriculture and rural areas and organic agriculture, which are important in terms of the objectives before the strategic plans they have prepared, and to reveal their development between 2017 and 2021.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organic agriculture
• green deal
• TOPSIS

Bazı Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin organik tarım performanslarının TOPSIS yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Tüm dünya ülkelerine benzer şekilde Avrupa Birliğinde de organik tarıma önem verilmekte ve organik tarım desteklenmektedir. Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin organik tarım potansiyelleri arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle araştırmanın amacı, bazı Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin belirlenen kriterler itibariyle organik tarım performanslarını karşılaştırmaktır. Tasarım/Metodoloji /Yaklaşım: Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin organik tarım performansları çeşitli kriterler itibariyle (organik tarım alanı, organik üretim yapan üretici sayısı vb.) değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada ülkelerin organik tarım performansları değerlendirilirken TOPSIS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan TOPSIS analizi sonuçlarına göre 2017-2021 dönemi itibariyle ele alınan kriterler itibariyle organik tarım performansı en yüksek ülkenin Fransa olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özgünlük/Değer: Organik tarımın bir taraftan düşük çevresel etkiye sahip olması diğer taraftan kaliteli gıdaya odaklanması gibi özellikleri nedeniyle Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri için oldukça önemli bir tarım sistemidir. Yeşil Mutabakatın “Çiftlikten çatala” stratejisi kapsamında Avrupa Komisyonu, 2030 yılına kadar Avrupa Birliği tarım alanlarının en az %25'inde organik tarım yapılması hedefini belirlenmiştir. Her üye devlet Avrupa Yeşil Mutabakatının tarım sektörüne yönelik hedefleri çerçevesinde Ulusal Ortak Tarım Politikası Stratejisini hazırlamıştır. Ortak Tarım Politikası Stratejik Planları Ocak 2023 itibariyle uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Planlar içinde ülkelerin organik tarım üretim alanlarındaki gelişme ve bu konudaki performansları önemli bir yer almaktadır. Bu araştırmada AB ülkelerinin hazırladıkları stratejik planlar öncesinde hedefler açısından önemli olan tarım ve kırsal alanlar ve organik tarım konusundaki performanslarının hesaplanması, karşılaştırılması ve 2017- 2021 yılları arasındaki gelişimlerinin ortaya konması önemli görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organik tarım
• yeşil mutabakat
• TOPSIS

Kaynakça

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