Aydın ili tarım işletmelerinde sürdürülebilir kalkınma için yeter gelirli işletme büyüklüğünün belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 149 - 160

Fırat Aslan , Göksel Armağan

https://doi.org/10.24181/tarekoder.1533809

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, tarımsal üretimin yoğun ve ürün çeşitliliği ile bilinen Aydın ilindeki tarımsal işletmelerin ekonomik özelliklerini, yeter gelirli işletme büyüklüğünü ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma durumlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Tasarım/Metodoloji /Yaklaşım: Veriler, 2022 yılında 17 ilçe ve 46 köydeki 389 çiftlikten orantılı örnekleme kullanılarak yüz yüze anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Sosyo-ekonomik özellikler analiz edilmiş ve ekonomik büyüklükler ESU kriterleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Gelir yeterliliği, TÜİK göreli yoksulluk sınırına göre değerlendirilmiştir. Çiftlik gruplarını karşılaştırmak için ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis ve Ki-Kare testleri dahil olmak üzere istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: ESU kriterlerine göre, işletmelerin %30,85'i ekonomik olarak büyük, %51,16'sı orta ve %18'i küçüktür. 2022 gelir bazlı yoksulluk sınırı eşik olarak kullanılarak işletmeler gelir düzeylerine göre kategorize edilmiştir. Tarımsal gelirleri yoksulluk sınırının %15 altında olan işletmeler yeterli gelir sınırının altında kabul edilirken, yoksulluk sınırında olanlar yeterli gelire sahip kabul edilmiştir. Yeter gelirli işletmeler için 2022 yılında brüt marj 380 €/da/yıl, tarımsal gelir ise 299 €/da/yıl olmuştur. Bu değerler 2024 yılında sırasıyla 13.300 TL/da/yıl ve 10.465 TL/da/yıl olmuştur. Yeterli gelire sahip işletmelerin ekonomik büyüklük, tarımsal gelir, brüt kar marjı ve sürdürülebilirlik düzeyleri, yeterli gelir sınırının altındaki işletmelere göre daha yüksektir. Yeterli gelir seviyesinin altındaki işletmeler, yetersiz tasarruf, yatırım ve kendi kendine yeterlilik nedeniyle sürdürülebilir kalkınma fırsatlarından yoksundur.
Özgünlük/Değer: Bu araştırma, yüksek tarımsal potansiyele sahip bir bölgedeki işletmelerin ekonomik büyüklüğünü, yeterli gelirli işletme büyüklüğünü ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma durumunu benzersiz bir şekilde bütünleştirmekte ve bu boyutların kapsamlı bir analizini sunarak literatürdeki bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeter gelir, ekonomik büyüklük, sürdürülebilir kalkınma, sürdürülebilir tarım, Aydın

Etik Beyan

The ethical approval for these forms was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of Aydın Adnan Menderes Social and Human Sciences University on 31.01.2002.

Determination of sufficient income farm size for sustainable development in agricultural enterprises in Aydın province

Öz

Purpose: This study investigates the economic size, sufficient income farm size, and sustainability of agricultural farms in Aydın Province, known for its diverse and intensive agricultural production.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected via face-to-face surveys from 389 farms in 17 districts and 46 villages in 2022, using proportional sampling. Socio-economic characteristics were analyzed, and economic sizes were determined using ESU criteria. Income adequacy was assessed against the TURKSAT relative poverty line. Statistical methods, including ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi-Square tests, were employed to compare farm groups.
Findings: Based on ESU, 30.85% of farms were large, 51.16% medium, and 18% small. Farms with agricultural incomes 15% below the poverty line were classified as insufficient. Sufficient income farms recorded a gross margin of 380 €/da/year and agricultural income of 299 €/da/year in 2022, while in 2024, these values were 13,300 TL/da/year and 10,465 TL/da/year, respectively. Farms with sufficient income exhibited greater economic size, income, and sustainability, while those below the threshold faced challenges in savings, investments, and self-sufficiency, limiting sustainable development.
Originality/Value: This research uniquely integrates economic size, income adequacy, and sustainability in a high-potential agricultural region, addressing a gap in the literature by offering a comprehensive analysis of these dimensions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sufficient income, economic size, sustainable development, sustainable agriculture, Aydın

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