Reform Initiatives in the Field of Information and Communication Technologies in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Öz

With its closed economy, Iran has been trying to develop its capacity in many areas within its possibilities and to maintain its power against the outside world. Developments in information and communication technologies in Iran can be cited as an example of this effort. Iran carried out a planned infrastructure development policy in the IT sector after the 1970s. The reflex to combat systematically imposed sanctions and protect the security of the regime has supported national-scale web-based implementation initiatives in Iran. The Information and Communication Technologies Plan (TAKFA), which aims to expand e-government applications in every sector, is the most comprehensive reform initiative. In the process following this program, the National Internet Network Project (SHOMA) was started. In Iran, alternative domestic applications developed on a national scale are used instead of platforms such as Facebook and Twitter, which are widely used internationally. In this study, the reforms made in the field of information and communication technologies in Iran will be analyzed based on the country's unique political conditions and social reflexes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• The Islamic Republic of Iran
• e-government
• information and communication technology
• TAKFA
• SHOMA

İRAN İSLAM CUMHURİYETİ’NDE BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ ALANINDAKİ REFORM GİRİŞİMLERİ

Öz

Kapalı ekonomiye sahip İran, birçok alanda kendi olanakları ölçüsünde kapasitesini geliştirmeye ve dış dünyaya karşı gücünü pekiştirmeye çalışmaktadır. İran’da bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler bu çabaya örnek gösterilebilir. İran, 1970’lerden itibaren bilişim sektöründe planlı bir altyapı geliştirme politikası izlemiştir. Sistematik olarak uygulanan yaptırımlara karşı mücadele etme ve rejimin güvenliğini koruma güdüsü, İran’da ağ tabanlı uygulamaların ulusal ölçekte kurulması girişimlerini desteklemiştir. E- devlet uygulamalarını her sektörde yaygınlaştırmayı hedefleyen Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri Planı (TAKFA), reform girişimlerinden en kapsamlı olanıdır. Bu programı takip eden süreçte Milli İnternet Ağı Projesi (SHOMA) başlatılmıştır. Bugün İran’da uluslararası alanda yaygın kullanılan Facebook, Twitter gibi platformlar yerine ulusal ölçekte geliştirilen alternatif yerli uygulamalar kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada İran’da bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri alanında yapılan reformlar, ülkenin kendine özgü politik koşulları ve toplumsal refleksler temelinde analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İran İslam Cumhuriyeti
• e-devlet
• bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri
• TAKFA
• SHOMA

Kaynakça

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