Determination of the Efficiency of Different Inoculation Methods for the Biological Control of Tomato Damping-Off Caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium deliense

Yıl 2018, , 19 - 30, 29.06.2018

Ayşe Aşkın Filiz Ünal Ercan Koca

https://doi.org/10.31019/tbmd.436855

Cited By: 2

Öz

Abstract: Rhizobacterial isolates can be applied with different inoculation methods in studies of the biological control of plant disease agents. These methods include mixing the suspension of bacteria with autoclaved soil, dipping the roots of seedlings in a bacterial suspension during transplanting or coating seeds with a bacterial suspension before sowing. In this study, the effect of the biocontrol agent Pseudomonads putida 10fp, which was isolated from a tomato rhizosphere, was evaluated for its biocontrol potential against the tomato damping-off disease agents, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium delicense, under in vivo conditions by using different inoculation methods (application dose and format). There was no difference in the disease incidence recorded for treatments in which P. putida fp10 was applied into the soil, seed or seed+soil and at different doses (108, 109 and 1011 cfu/ml ) against damping-off. However, plant growth was affected at different levels of inoculation. The best growth of both tomato varieties was observed after the application of a bacterial suspension into the soil at 108 cfu/ml .

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biological control, fluorescent Pseudomonads, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium deliense, , inoculation methods.

Domateste Rhizoctonia solani ve Pythium deliense Tarafından neden olunan Çökerten Hastalığının Biyolojik Mücadelesinde Farklı İnokulasyon Yöntemlerinin Etkinlikliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Rizosfer bakterileri ile bitki hastalık etmenlerinin biyolojik mücadelesi üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda kök bakteri izolatları farklı şekillerde uygulanabilmektedirler. Bu metodlar bakteri süspansiyonunun steril toprağa karıştırılması, şaşırtma esnasında fide köklerinin bakteri süspansiyonuna daldırılması veya ekimden önce yüksek sayıdaki bakteri ile tohumların kaplanmasını içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, domates rizosferinden izole edilen ve çökerten zararına yol açan Rhizoctonia solani ve Pythium deliense’ ye karşı in vivo koşullarda etkili olduğu daha önceki çalışmalarla belirlenen Pseudomonas putida 10fp izolatının, bu patojenlere karşı farklı uygulama dozu ve uygulama biçimindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar göstermiştir ki P. putida fp10’ nun çökertene karşı tohum, toprak ya da tohum+toprak şeklinde 108, 109 and 1011 cfu/ml gibi farklı konsantrasyon uygulanmaları hastalık şiddetinde farklılık yaratmazken, bitki gelişimini farklı şekillerde etkilemiştir. Her iki domates çeşidinde de en iyi fide gelişimi 108 cfu/ml konsantrasyonunda bakteri süspansiyonunun topraklara yapılan uygulama şeklinde görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyolojik mücadele, floresan Pseudomonas, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium deliense, , inokulasyon metodları

Kaynakça

• Aşkın A. ve Katırcıoğlu Y.Z., 2008. Ankara İli Ayaş, Beypazarı ve Nallıhan İlçelerinde Domates Fideliklerindeki Çökerten etmenlerinin Tespiti ve Patojenisite Durumları. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 48.
• Bitki Koruma Ürünleri, http://www.bku.gov.tr. Erişim Tarihi. 20.09.2017
• Barret, T. 1975. Preparation of bacterial vaccine. In Proceeding of the first work shop of phytobacteriology. R. N. Goodman (ed.). Columbia. University of Missouri, p. 1-6.
• Chandler, J.M and Santelman, P.W. 1968. Interaction of four herbicides with Rhizoctonia solani on seedling cotton. Weed Science, (16); 453-454.
• Clemente, G., Quadrelli, A.M., Melegari, A. and Escande, A. 2000b. Inoculation methods of fluorescent Pseudomonas to control tomato damping off (Rhizoctonia solani AG-4). Fifth International PGPR Workshop. Organizator: APS, Argentina. http://www.inta.gov.ar/balcarce/info/documentos/posters/ant22/AliciaMeleg.htm. Erişim tarihi:2008
• Ellis, R.J., Timms Wilson, T.M., Beringer, J.E., Rhodes, D. Renwick, A., Stevenson, L and Bailey, M. J. 1999. Ecological basis for biocontrol of damping-off disease by Pseudomonas fluorescens 54/96. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 87, 454-463.
• Haas, D and Keel, C. 2003. Regulation of antibiotic production in root colonizing Pseudomonas spp. and relevance for biological control of plant diseases. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 41, 1117-1153.
• Hendrix, J. and Campbell, W. A. 1983. Some phytiaceous fungi. In Zoosporic Plant Pathogens (ed. BUczacki, S.t.), pp. 123-160. London Academin pres.
• Howell, C. R. and Stiponavic, R. D. 1980. Suspension of Pythium ultimum induced damping-off of cotton seedlings by Pseudomonas fluorescens and its antibiotics, pyoluteorin. Phytopathology, 70 (8); 712-715.
• İbrahim, G. H. and Al- Mihanna, A. A. 2002. The use of some plant oils and antagonistic bacteria to reduce the incidence of damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in eggplant. Arab- Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10 (1); 351-361.
• Karahan, O. 1965. Muhtelif Sebzelerde Zararlı Hastalık Amilleri ve Mücadele T.B.A.Z.M. E.Müdürlüğü Sayı:42.
• Kloepper, J. W. and Schroth, M. N. 1981a. Plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria and plant growth under sinotobiotic conditions. Phytopathology. 71, 642-644.
• Kloepper, J. W. and Schroth, M. N. 1981b. Relationship of in vitro antibiosis of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to plant growth and the displacement of root microflora. Phytopathology, 72, 33-36.
• Kluepfel, D. A. 1993. The behavior and tracking of bacteria in the rhizosphere. Annu. Rev. Phytopath, 31, 441-72.
• Papavizas, G. C. and Davey, C. B. 1962. Activity of Rhizoctonia in soil as affected by carbon dioxide. Phytopathology, 52, 759-766.
• Raaijmakers, J. M. and Weller, D.M. 1998. Natural plant protection by 2,4-Diacetyl-phlorıglucinol-producing Pseudomonas spp in take-all decline soils. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact, 11, 144-152.
• Raaijmakers, J., M. and Weller, D., M. 2001. Exploting genotypic diversity of 2,4- Diacetyl-phlorıglucinol- producing Pseudomonas spp.: characterization of superior root-colonizing P. fluorescens strain Q8r1-96. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, pp. 2545-2554.
• Ramamoorthy, V., Raguchander, T. and Samiyappan, R. 2002. Enhancing resisitance of tomato and hot pepper to Pythium diseases by seed treatment with fluorescent Pseudomonas. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 108, 429-441.
• Rovira, A., Ryder, M. and Haris, A. 1992. Biological control of root diseases with pseudomonas, 175-183, Tjamas, E. S. Et al. (Eds), Plenum pres, New York.
• Schmidt, C. S., Agostini, F., Leifent, G., Killham, K. and Mullins, C. E. 2004. Influence of inoculum density of the antagonistic bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas corrugata on sugar beet seedling colonisation and suppression of Pythium damping off. Plant and Soil, 265 (1-2); 111-122.
• Shah-Smıth D. A. and Burns, R. G. 1996. Biological control of damping-off of sugar beet by Pseudomonas putida applied to seed pellets. Plant Pathology, 45, 572-582.
• Soylu, S., Soylu, E.M., Kurt, Ş. and Ekici, Ö.K. 2005. Antagonistic potentials of rhizosphere-associated bacterial isolates against soil-borne diseases of tomato and pepper caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 8, 43-48.
• Stephens, C. T., Herr, L. J., Schmitthenner, A. F., and Powell, C. C. 1982.Characterization of Rhizoctonia isolates associated with damping-off of bedding plants. Plant Dis. 66:700-703
• Stephens, C. T., and Powell, C. C. 1982. Pythium species causing damping-off of seedling bedding plants in Ohio greenhouses. Plant Dis. 66:731-733.
• Stephens, P. M., Crowley, J. J. and O’ Connell, C. 1993. Selection of Pseudomonads strains inhibiting Pythium ultimum on sugarbeet seeds in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25, 1283-1288.
• Walker, J. C. 1952.Diseases of vegetable crops. McGraw-Hill Book Campany. Inc. New York, 529 pp.
• Williams, G. E. and Asher, M. J. C. 1996. Selection of rhizobacteriafor the control of Pythium ultimum and Aphanomyces cochlioides on sugar-beet seedlings. Crop Protection, 15(5); 479-486.