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Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 19, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.909358

Öz

Bu makale, Ulubat Fayı boyunca yapılan ilk paleosismolojik çalışmaların sonuçlarını ve Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu (KAFZ) güney kolunun deprem davranışına ilişkin çıkarımları sunmaktadır. Ulubat Fayı geometrik karakteristik ve paleosismolojik davranışına göre 3 segmente ayrılmıştır. Paleosismoljik fay kazıları ile fay segmentlerinde son 16 bin yılda en az 6 eski deprem izi ayırt edilmiştir. Tarihsel kayıtlarla ilişkilendirilen yaş sonuçları Ulubat Fayı boyunca en son yüzey kırıklarının sırasıyla MS <161/170 (I=IX), MS 1143 (M=6.0) ve MS 1855 (M=7.3) depremleri ile oluştuğunu ve batıya göç ettiğini göstermektedir. Yeterli istatistiksel değerlendirme şansı sunmamakla birlikte, bu çalışmada ortaya konulan paleosismolojik veriler KAFZ güney kolunu oluşturan segmentlerin tekrarlanma periyodu anlamında karakteristik deprem davranışı sunmadığını ve bu düzensizliğin fay zonunun bölgedeki çok parçalı geometrisinden kaynaklı olabileceğini kanıtlamaktadır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı UDAP programı

Proje Numarası

UDAP G-18-01 nolu proje

Kaynakça

  • Aktug B., Nocquet, J.M., Cingoz A., Parsons A., Erkan Y., England P., Lenk O., Gurdal M.A., Kilicoglu A., Akdeniz H., Tekgul A., 2009. Deformation of western Turkey from a combination of permanent and campaign GPS data: limits to block-like behaviour, J Geophys Res. 114, 1-22.
  • Ambraseys N.N., 2009. Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and middle East (A Multidisciplinary Study of Seismicity up to 1900). Cambridge University Press Cambridge 2009.
  • Ambraseys N.N., Finkel C.F., 1991. Long-term seismicity of Istanbul and the Marmara Sea region, Terra Nova 3, 527-39.
  • Barka A.A., 1997. Neotectonics of the Marmara Region, Active Tectonics of the northernwestern Anotolia-the Marmara poly-project, ETH, Zurich, 55-87.
  • Barka A.A., Kadinsky-Cade K., 1988. Strike-slip fault geometry in Turkey and its influence on earthquake activity, Tectonics 7, 663-684.
  • Doğan A., Emre Ö., Yıldırım C., 2005. Uluabat Fayı: Kuzeybatı Anadolu’nun güncel kinematiğinde sıkışmalı bir doğrultu atımlı fay örneği. Eskişehir Fay Zonu ve İlişkili Sistemlerin Depremselliği Çalıştayı, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, 28-30 Nisan 2005, Eskişehir.
  • Emre Ö., Doğan A., Duman T.Y., Özalp S., 2011a. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Serisi, Bursa (NK 35-12) Paftası. Seri No: 9, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Emre Ö., Doğan A., Özalp S., Yıldırım C., 2011b. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Bandırma (NK 35-11b) Paftası. MTA 1:250.000 Ölçekli Diri Fay Haritaları Serisi, Seri No: 3, 55 s., Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Emre Ö., Duman T.Y., Özalp S., 2011c. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Serisi, Kütahya (NJ 35-4) Paftası. Seri No: 10, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Ergin K., Güçlü U., Uz Z., 1967. Earthquake Catalogue of Turkey and Nearby Regions (from 11 AD to 1964 BC). ITU Mine Faculty Press, İstanbul.
  • Eyidogan H., Akinci A., Polat O., 1997. The characteristics of site, source and regional attenuation in the vicinity of Bursa city, northwestern Turkey. In: Cakmak A.S., Erdik M., Durukal E. (eds) Proceedings of 8th international conference on soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, İstanbul, 32-33.
  • Fraser J.G., 2009. Four new paleoseismic investigations on the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey, in the context of existing data, PhD thesis. Belgium, Brussels: Univ. Libre de Bruxelles. 284 pp.
  • Fraser J.G., Vanneste K., Hubert‐Ferrari A., 2010. Recent behavior of the North Anatolian Fault: Insights from an integrated paleoseismological data set, Journal of Geophysical Research 115, B09316.
  • Guidoboni E., Comastri A., Traina G., 1994. Catalogue of ancient earthquakes in the Mediterranean area up to the 10th century. IIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica. Rome 1994.
  • Hartleb R.D., Dolan J.F., Kozaci O., Akyuz H.S., Seitz G.G., 2006. A 2500‐yr‐long paleoseismologic record of large, infrequent earthquakes on the North Anatolian fault at Cukurcimen, Turkey, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 118(7‐8), 823-840.
  • Karabacak V., Uysal I.T., Mutlu H., Unal-Imer E., Dirik R.K., Feng Y.-X., Akiska S., Aydogdu I., Zhao J.-X., 2019. Are U-Th dates correlated with historical records of earthquakes? Constraints from co-seismic carbonate veins within the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Tectonics 38 (7), 2431-2448.
  • Klinger Y., Sieh K., Altunel E., Akoglu A., Barka A.A., Dawson T., 2003. Paleoseismic evidence of characteristic slip on the western segment of the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 93(6), 2317-2332.
  • Kop A., Ozalp S., Elmaci H., Kara M., Duman T.Y., 2016. Active Tectonic and Paleoseismological Features of the Western Section of Mustafakemalpaşa Fault; Bursa, NW Anatolia, Geodinamica Acta 28 (4), 363-378.
  • Kozacı Ö., 2008. Constancy of strain release rates along the North Anatolian Fault, PhD thesis, 174 pp. Los Angeles: Univ. of South. Calif.
  • Kurçer A., Chatzipetros A., Tutkun S.Z., Pavlides S., Ates O., Valkaniotis, S., 2008. The Yenice-Gönen active fault (NW Turkey): Active tectonics and palaeoseismology, Tectonophysics 453, 263-275.
  • Kurcer A., Ozaksoy V., Ozalp S., Uygun-Guldoğan C., Ozdemir E., Duman T.Y., 2017. The Manyas Fault Zone (Southern Marmara Region, NW Turkey): Active Tectonics and Paleoseismology, Geodinamica Acta 29 (1), 42-61.
  • Meade B.J., Hager B.H., McClusky S.C., Reilinger R.E., Ergintav S., Lenk O., Barka A., Ozener H., 2002. Estimates of seismic potential in the Marmara region from block models of secular deformation constrained by GPS measurements, Bull Seismol Soc Am. 92(1), 208-215.
  • Okay A.I., Satir M., Zattin M.,Cavazza W., Topuz G., 2008. An Oligocene ductile strike-slip shear zone: The Uludağ Massif, northwest Turkey—Implications for the westward translation of Anatolia, GSA Bulletin 120, 893-911.
  • Ozaksoy V., 2018. On the distinction of tectonic and nontectonic faulting in palaeoseismological research: a case study from the southern Marmara region of Turkey, International Journal of Earth Sciences 107, 1777-1788.
  • Ozaksoy V., Elmaci H., Ozalp S., Kara M., Duman T.Y., 2018. Holocene activity of the Orhaneli Fault based on palaoseismological data, Bursa, NW Anatolia. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 156, 1-16.
  • Ozalp S., Emre O., Dogan, A., 2013. The segment structure of Southern Branch of the North Anatolian Fault and paleoseismological behaviour of the Gemlik Fault, NW Anatolia. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 147, 1-17.
  • Ozalp S., Kurcer A., Ozdemir E., Duman T.Y., 2016. The Bekten Fault: The paleoseismic behaviour and kinematic characteristics of an intervening segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Southern Marmara Region, Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28 (4), 347-362.
  • Öztin F., Bayülke N., 1990. Historical earthquakes of İstanbul, Kayseri and Elazığ, Earthquake Research Department, General Directorate of Disaster Affairs, Ministry of Public Works and Settlement Report, Ankara, 22 s.
  • Ramsey B.C., 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon, 51(1), 337-360.
  • Reilinger R., McClusky S., Vernant P., Lawrence S., Ergintav S., Cakmak R., Ozener H., Kadirov F., Guliev I., Stepanyan R., Nadariya M., Hahubia G., Mahmoud S., Sakr K., ArRajehi A., Paradissis D., Al-Aydrus A., Prilepin M., Guseva T., Evren E., Dmitrotsa A., Filikov S.V., Gomez F., Al-Ghazzi R., Karam G., 2006. GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions, J. Geophys. Res. 111, B5, B05411.
  • Reimer P.J., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Blackwell P.G., Ramsey B.C., Buck C.E., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes P.M., Guilderson T.P., Haflidason H., Hajdas I., Hatté C., Heaton T.J., Hoffmann D.L., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kaiser K.F., Kromer B., Manning S.W., Niu M., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Scott E.M., Southon J.R., Staff R.A., Turney C.S.M., van der Plicht J., 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0-50,000 years cal BP, Radiocarbon 55(4),1869-1887.
  • Rockwell T., Ragona D., Seitz G., Langridge R., Aksoy M. E., Ucarkus G., 2009. Palaeoseismology of the North Anatolian Fault near the Marmara Sea: Implications for fault segmentation and seismic hazard. In K. Reicherter, A.M. Michetti, & P.G. Silva (Eds.), Palaeoseismology: Historical and prehistorical records of earthquake ground effects for seismic hazard assessment, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 316, 31-54.
  • Selim H.H., Tuysuz O., 2013. The Bursa-Gönen Depression, NW Turkey: a complex basin developed on the North Anatolian Fault, Geological Magazine 150 (5), 801-821.
  • Selim H.H., Tuysuz O., Karakas A., Tas K.O., 2013. Morphotectonic evidence from the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) and basins of the south Marmara sub-region, NW Turkey, Quaternary International 292, 176-192.
  • Sengor A.M.C., Tuysuz O., Imren C., Sakınc M., Eyidogan H., Gorur N., Le Pichon X., Rangin C., 2005. The North Anatolian Fault: A New Look. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 33, 37-112.
  • Seyitoglu G., Kaypak B., Aktug B., Gurbuz E., Esat K., Gurbuz A., 2016. An alternative route for the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, NW Turkey. Geological Bulletin of Turkey 59 (2), 115- 130.
  • Sieberg A., 1932. Untersuchungen über Erdbeben und Bruchschollenbau im östlichen Mittelmeer, G. Fischer Verlag, Jena.
  • Soysal H., Sipahioğlu S., Kolçak D., Altınok Y., 1981. Türkiye ve çevresinin deprem katalogu, MÖ 2100-MS 1900 (Earthquake catalogue of Turkey and surroundings, 2100 BC-1900 AD). TUBITAK Yayınları (TBAG 341), 99 s.
  • Sozbilir H., Ozkaymak C., Uzel B., Sumer O., Eski S., Tepe C., 2016a. Palaeoseismology of the Havran-Balıkesir Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the strike-slip-dominated contractional deformation along the southern branches of the NorthAnatolian fault in northwest Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28, 4, 254-272.
  • Sozbilir H., Sumer O., Ozkaymak C., Uzel B., Guler T., Eski S., 2016b. Kinematic analysis and palaeoseismology of the Edremit Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28, 4, 273-294.
  • Wells D., Coppersmith K., 1994. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 84, 974-1002.

Paleoseismicity of the Ulubat Fault: Inferences on Seismic Behaviour of the Southern Branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, South Marmara

Yıl 2021, , 1 - 19, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.909358

Öz

This article presents the results of the first paleoseismological studies conducted along the Ulubat Fault and their inferences on the earthquake behavior of the south branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). The Ulubat Fault is divided into 3 segments according to its geometric characteristics and paleoseismological behavior. Along the fault segments, at least 6 paleo-earthquake event have been distinguished in the last 16 thousand years with paleoseismolgic fault excavations. The dating results correlated with the historical records show that the latest surface ruptures along the Ulubat Fault occurred with the earthquakes of <161/170 AD (I=IX), 1143 AD (M=6.0) and 1855 AD (M=7.3), respectively, and migrated to the west. Although it does not provide sufficient statistical evaluation opportunity, the paleoseismological data presented in this study proves that the segments of the NAFZ south branch do not present characteristic earthquake behavior in terms of recurrence period and this irregularity may be due to the multi-fragment geometry of the fault zone in the region.

Proje Numarası

UDAP G-18-01 nolu proje

Kaynakça

  • Aktug B., Nocquet, J.M., Cingoz A., Parsons A., Erkan Y., England P., Lenk O., Gurdal M.A., Kilicoglu A., Akdeniz H., Tekgul A., 2009. Deformation of western Turkey from a combination of permanent and campaign GPS data: limits to block-like behaviour, J Geophys Res. 114, 1-22.
  • Ambraseys N.N., 2009. Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and middle East (A Multidisciplinary Study of Seismicity up to 1900). Cambridge University Press Cambridge 2009.
  • Ambraseys N.N., Finkel C.F., 1991. Long-term seismicity of Istanbul and the Marmara Sea region, Terra Nova 3, 527-39.
  • Barka A.A., 1997. Neotectonics of the Marmara Region, Active Tectonics of the northernwestern Anotolia-the Marmara poly-project, ETH, Zurich, 55-87.
  • Barka A.A., Kadinsky-Cade K., 1988. Strike-slip fault geometry in Turkey and its influence on earthquake activity, Tectonics 7, 663-684.
  • Doğan A., Emre Ö., Yıldırım C., 2005. Uluabat Fayı: Kuzeybatı Anadolu’nun güncel kinematiğinde sıkışmalı bir doğrultu atımlı fay örneği. Eskişehir Fay Zonu ve İlişkili Sistemlerin Depremselliği Çalıştayı, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, 28-30 Nisan 2005, Eskişehir.
  • Emre Ö., Doğan A., Duman T.Y., Özalp S., 2011a. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Serisi, Bursa (NK 35-12) Paftası. Seri No: 9, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Emre Ö., Doğan A., Özalp S., Yıldırım C., 2011b. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Bandırma (NK 35-11b) Paftası. MTA 1:250.000 Ölçekli Diri Fay Haritaları Serisi, Seri No: 3, 55 s., Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Emre Ö., Duman T.Y., Özalp S., 2011c. 1:250.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Diri Fay Haritası Serisi, Kütahya (NJ 35-4) Paftası. Seri No: 10, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Ergin K., Güçlü U., Uz Z., 1967. Earthquake Catalogue of Turkey and Nearby Regions (from 11 AD to 1964 BC). ITU Mine Faculty Press, İstanbul.
  • Eyidogan H., Akinci A., Polat O., 1997. The characteristics of site, source and regional attenuation in the vicinity of Bursa city, northwestern Turkey. In: Cakmak A.S., Erdik M., Durukal E. (eds) Proceedings of 8th international conference on soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, İstanbul, 32-33.
  • Fraser J.G., 2009. Four new paleoseismic investigations on the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey, in the context of existing data, PhD thesis. Belgium, Brussels: Univ. Libre de Bruxelles. 284 pp.
  • Fraser J.G., Vanneste K., Hubert‐Ferrari A., 2010. Recent behavior of the North Anatolian Fault: Insights from an integrated paleoseismological data set, Journal of Geophysical Research 115, B09316.
  • Guidoboni E., Comastri A., Traina G., 1994. Catalogue of ancient earthquakes in the Mediterranean area up to the 10th century. IIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica. Rome 1994.
  • Hartleb R.D., Dolan J.F., Kozaci O., Akyuz H.S., Seitz G.G., 2006. A 2500‐yr‐long paleoseismologic record of large, infrequent earthquakes on the North Anatolian fault at Cukurcimen, Turkey, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 118(7‐8), 823-840.
  • Karabacak V., Uysal I.T., Mutlu H., Unal-Imer E., Dirik R.K., Feng Y.-X., Akiska S., Aydogdu I., Zhao J.-X., 2019. Are U-Th dates correlated with historical records of earthquakes? Constraints from co-seismic carbonate veins within the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Tectonics 38 (7), 2431-2448.
  • Klinger Y., Sieh K., Altunel E., Akoglu A., Barka A.A., Dawson T., 2003. Paleoseismic evidence of characteristic slip on the western segment of the North Anatolian Fault, Turkey, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 93(6), 2317-2332.
  • Kop A., Ozalp S., Elmaci H., Kara M., Duman T.Y., 2016. Active Tectonic and Paleoseismological Features of the Western Section of Mustafakemalpaşa Fault; Bursa, NW Anatolia, Geodinamica Acta 28 (4), 363-378.
  • Kozacı Ö., 2008. Constancy of strain release rates along the North Anatolian Fault, PhD thesis, 174 pp. Los Angeles: Univ. of South. Calif.
  • Kurçer A., Chatzipetros A., Tutkun S.Z., Pavlides S., Ates O., Valkaniotis, S., 2008. The Yenice-Gönen active fault (NW Turkey): Active tectonics and palaeoseismology, Tectonophysics 453, 263-275.
  • Kurcer A., Ozaksoy V., Ozalp S., Uygun-Guldoğan C., Ozdemir E., Duman T.Y., 2017. The Manyas Fault Zone (Southern Marmara Region, NW Turkey): Active Tectonics and Paleoseismology, Geodinamica Acta 29 (1), 42-61.
  • Meade B.J., Hager B.H., McClusky S.C., Reilinger R.E., Ergintav S., Lenk O., Barka A., Ozener H., 2002. Estimates of seismic potential in the Marmara region from block models of secular deformation constrained by GPS measurements, Bull Seismol Soc Am. 92(1), 208-215.
  • Okay A.I., Satir M., Zattin M.,Cavazza W., Topuz G., 2008. An Oligocene ductile strike-slip shear zone: The Uludağ Massif, northwest Turkey—Implications for the westward translation of Anatolia, GSA Bulletin 120, 893-911.
  • Ozaksoy V., 2018. On the distinction of tectonic and nontectonic faulting in palaeoseismological research: a case study from the southern Marmara region of Turkey, International Journal of Earth Sciences 107, 1777-1788.
  • Ozaksoy V., Elmaci H., Ozalp S., Kara M., Duman T.Y., 2018. Holocene activity of the Orhaneli Fault based on palaoseismological data, Bursa, NW Anatolia. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 156, 1-16.
  • Ozalp S., Emre O., Dogan, A., 2013. The segment structure of Southern Branch of the North Anatolian Fault and paleoseismological behaviour of the Gemlik Fault, NW Anatolia. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 147, 1-17.
  • Ozalp S., Kurcer A., Ozdemir E., Duman T.Y., 2016. The Bekten Fault: The paleoseismic behaviour and kinematic characteristics of an intervening segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Southern Marmara Region, Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28 (4), 347-362.
  • Öztin F., Bayülke N., 1990. Historical earthquakes of İstanbul, Kayseri and Elazığ, Earthquake Research Department, General Directorate of Disaster Affairs, Ministry of Public Works and Settlement Report, Ankara, 22 s.
  • Ramsey B.C., 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon, 51(1), 337-360.
  • Reilinger R., McClusky S., Vernant P., Lawrence S., Ergintav S., Cakmak R., Ozener H., Kadirov F., Guliev I., Stepanyan R., Nadariya M., Hahubia G., Mahmoud S., Sakr K., ArRajehi A., Paradissis D., Al-Aydrus A., Prilepin M., Guseva T., Evren E., Dmitrotsa A., Filikov S.V., Gomez F., Al-Ghazzi R., Karam G., 2006. GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions, J. Geophys. Res. 111, B5, B05411.
  • Reimer P.J., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Blackwell P.G., Ramsey B.C., Buck C.E., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes P.M., Guilderson T.P., Haflidason H., Hajdas I., Hatté C., Heaton T.J., Hoffmann D.L., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kaiser K.F., Kromer B., Manning S.W., Niu M., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Scott E.M., Southon J.R., Staff R.A., Turney C.S.M., van der Plicht J., 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0-50,000 years cal BP, Radiocarbon 55(4),1869-1887.
  • Rockwell T., Ragona D., Seitz G., Langridge R., Aksoy M. E., Ucarkus G., 2009. Palaeoseismology of the North Anatolian Fault near the Marmara Sea: Implications for fault segmentation and seismic hazard. In K. Reicherter, A.M. Michetti, & P.G. Silva (Eds.), Palaeoseismology: Historical and prehistorical records of earthquake ground effects for seismic hazard assessment, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 316, 31-54.
  • Selim H.H., Tuysuz O., 2013. The Bursa-Gönen Depression, NW Turkey: a complex basin developed on the North Anatolian Fault, Geological Magazine 150 (5), 801-821.
  • Selim H.H., Tuysuz O., Karakas A., Tas K.O., 2013. Morphotectonic evidence from the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) and basins of the south Marmara sub-region, NW Turkey, Quaternary International 292, 176-192.
  • Sengor A.M.C., Tuysuz O., Imren C., Sakınc M., Eyidogan H., Gorur N., Le Pichon X., Rangin C., 2005. The North Anatolian Fault: A New Look. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 33, 37-112.
  • Seyitoglu G., Kaypak B., Aktug B., Gurbuz E., Esat K., Gurbuz A., 2016. An alternative route for the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, NW Turkey. Geological Bulletin of Turkey 59 (2), 115- 130.
  • Sieberg A., 1932. Untersuchungen über Erdbeben und Bruchschollenbau im östlichen Mittelmeer, G. Fischer Verlag, Jena.
  • Soysal H., Sipahioğlu S., Kolçak D., Altınok Y., 1981. Türkiye ve çevresinin deprem katalogu, MÖ 2100-MS 1900 (Earthquake catalogue of Turkey and surroundings, 2100 BC-1900 AD). TUBITAK Yayınları (TBAG 341), 99 s.
  • Sozbilir H., Ozkaymak C., Uzel B., Sumer O., Eski S., Tepe C., 2016a. Palaeoseismology of the Havran-Balıkesir Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the strike-slip-dominated contractional deformation along the southern branches of the NorthAnatolian fault in northwest Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28, 4, 254-272.
  • Sozbilir H., Sumer O., Ozkaymak C., Uzel B., Guler T., Eski S., 2016b. Kinematic analysis and palaeoseismology of the Edremit Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey, Geodinamica Acta 28, 4, 273-294.
  • Wells D., Coppersmith K., 1994. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area and surface displacement, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 84, 974-1002.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Volkan Karabacak 0000-0003-2581-7984

Taylan Sançar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2500-9787

Azad Sağlam Selçuk 0000-0003-4943-3870

Yusuf Büyükdeniz Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-7078-7281

Proje Numarası UDAP G-18-01 nolu proje
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Karabacak, V., Sançar, T., Selçuk, A. S., Büyükdeniz, Y. (2021). Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, 3(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.909358
AMA Karabacak V, Sançar T, Selçuk AS, Büyükdeniz Y. Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara. TDAD. Haziran 2021;3(1):1-19. doi:10.46464/tdad.909358
Chicago Karabacak, Volkan, Taylan Sançar, Azad Sağlam Selçuk, ve Yusuf Büyükdeniz. “Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara”. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi 3, sy. 1 (Haziran 2021): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.909358.
EndNote Karabacak V, Sançar T, Selçuk AS, Büyükdeniz Y (01 Haziran 2021) Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi 3 1 1–19.
IEEE V. Karabacak, T. Sançar, A. S. Selçuk, ve Y. Büyükdeniz, “Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara”, TDAD, c. 3, sy. 1, ss. 1–19, 2021, doi: 10.46464/tdad.909358.
ISNAD Karabacak, Volkan vd. “Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara”. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi 3/1 (Haziran 2021), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.46464/tdad.909358.
JAMA Karabacak V, Sançar T, Selçuk AS, Büyükdeniz Y. Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara. TDAD. 2021;3:1–19.
MLA Karabacak, Volkan vd. “Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara”. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, c. 3, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 1-19, doi:10.46464/tdad.909358.
Vancouver Karabacak V, Sançar T, Selçuk AS, Büyükdeniz Y. Ulubat Fayı’nın Paleosismisitesi: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu Güney Kolunun Deprem Davranışı Üzerine Çıkarımlar, Güney Marmara. TDAD. 2021;3(1):1-19.

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