Betonarme Prefabrik Endüstri Yapılarının 6 Şubat 2023 Depremleri Sonrası Hasarlarının İncelenmesi
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 291 - 300, 29.12.2023
Muhammed Atar
,
Ozan İnce
,
Ömer Faruk Taş
,
Alper Özmen
,
Erkut Sayın
Öz
6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş ilinde aynı gün içerisinde iki yıkıcı deprem meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Pazarcık (Mw 7.7) ve Elbistan (Mw 7.6) depremleri sonrasında iki betonarme prefabrik endüstri yapısında meydana gelen hasarlar incelenmiştir. Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliğinde (TBDY 2018) prefabrik yapılar için moment aktaran ve moment aktarmayan farklı bağlantı tipleri bulunmasına rağmen, uygulamada genellikle moment aktarmayan pimli bağlantılar tercih edilmektedir. Pimli bağlantılar hızlı ve pratik uygulama sağlamasına rağmen deprem sırasında gevrek hasarlar almaktadır. Ayrıca bu birleşimlerde makas kirişlerinin düzlem dışı devrilme riski de bulunmaktadır. Yapılan saha incelemelerinde pimli bağlantıya sahip birleşimlerde ciddi gevrek hasarlar gözlemlenmiştir. Deprem hasarları incelendiğinde betonarme prefabrik yapılarda sünek davranış sağlayacak birleşim yöntemlerinin tercih edilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir.
Kaynakça
- AFAD, 2023. 06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık-Elbistan Kahramanmaraş (Mw: 7.7 – Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu, AFAD Deprem ve Risk Azaltma Genel Müdürlüğü, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı, 02 Haziran 2023, Erişim adresi: https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/content/143.
- Akgül M., Etli S., 2023. 06 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık, Elbistan) Depremleri Sonrası Betonarme Binalarda Gözlenen Hasar Durumları. In International Conference on Scientific and Innovative Studies (ICSIS 2023 April 18-20, 2023 Konya- Türkiye), Vol. 1, No. 1, 309-318, Erişim adresi: https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/icsis.
- Ding C., Bai Y., Yang K., Zhang J., 2021. Cyclic behaviour of prefabricated connections for steel beam to concrete filled steel tube column, J. Constr. Steel Res., doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106422.
- Englekirk R.E., 1996. An innovative design solution for precast prestressed concrete buildings in high seismic zones, PCI Journal, 41(4), 44-53, doi: 10.15554/pcij.07011996.44.53.
- Guo W., Zhai Z., Cui Y., Yu Z., Wu X., 2019a. Seismic performance assessment of low-rise precast wall panel structure with bolt connections, Eng. Struct., 181, 562-578, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.060.
- Guo W., Zhai Z., Yu Z., Chen F., Gong Y., Tan T., 2019b. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Bolt Connections in a Low-Rise Precast Wall Panel Structure System, Adv. Civ. Eng., 2019, doi: 10.1155/2019/7594132.
- Kocaman İ., 2023. The effect of the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6) on historical masonry mosques and minarets. Engineering Failure Analysis, 149, 107225, 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107225
- Korkmaz H.H., Tankut T., 2005. Performance of a precast concrete beam-to-beam connection subject to reversed cyclic loading, Eng. Struct., 27(9), 1392-1407, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.04.004.
- Lacerda M.M.S,, da Silva T.J., Alva G.M.S., de Lima M.C.V., 2018. Influence of the vertical grouting in the interface between corbel and beam in beam-to-column connections of precast concrete structures – An experimental analysis, Eng. Struct., 172, 201-213, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.05.113.
- Ochs J.E., Ehsani M.R., 1993. Moment Resistant Connections in Precast Concrete Frames for Seismic Regions, PCI J., 1993, 64-75, doi: 10.15554/pcij.09011993.64.75.
- Özden Ş., Atalay H.M., Akpınar E., Doyranlı B., İmren Ö., 2012. Betonarme Prefabrik Yapıların 23 Ekim 2011 Van Depreminde Gözlenen Performansı. Beton Prefabrikasyon Dergisi, 103, 11-9.
- Park R., 2002. Seismic design and construction of precast concrete buildings in New Zealand, PCI J., 47(5), 60-75, doi: 10.15554/pcij.09012002.60.75.
- Qi Y., Teng J., Shan Q., Ding J., Li Z., Huang C., Xing H., Yi W., 2021. Seismic performance of a novel prefabricated beam-to-column steel joint considering buckling behaviour of dampers, Engineering Structures, 229, 111591, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111591.
- Sagbas G., Garjan R.S., Sarikaya K., Deniz D., 2023. Field reconnaissance on seismic performance and functionality of Turkish industrial facilities affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 1-28, doi: 10.1007/s10518-023-01741-8
- Tanaka Y., Murakoshi J., 2011. Reexamination of dowel behavior of steel bars embedded in concrete, ACI Struct. J., 108(6), 659-668, doi: 10.14359/51683364.
- TBDY, 2018. Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, 2018.
- Vidjeapriya R., Jaya K.P., 2013. Experimental Study on two Simple Mechanical Precast Beam-Column Connections under Reverse Cyclic Loading, J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 27(4), 402-414, doi: 10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000324.
Investigation of Damages of Reinforced Concrete Precast Industrial Structures After 6 February 2023 Earthquakes
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 291 - 300, 29.12.2023
Muhammed Atar
,
Ozan İnce
,
Ömer Faruk Taş
,
Alper Özmen
,
Erkut Sayın
Öz
On February 6, 2023, two devastating earthquakes occurred in Kahramanmaraş on the same day. In this study, the damages occurred in two reinforced concrete precast industrial structures after the Pazarcık (Mw 7.7) and Elbistan (Mw 7.6) earthquakes were investigated. There are different types of moment-transmitting and non-moment-transmitting connection types for precast structures in the Türkiye Building Earthquake Code (TBDY 2018), non-moment-transferring pinned connections are generally preferred in practice. Although pinned connections provide fast and practical application, they suffer brittle damages during earthquakes. In addition, there is a risk of out-of-plane collapse of the beams in these joints. In the field investigations, serious brittle damages were observed in the joints with pinned connections. When the earthquake damages are examined, it is seen that the joining methods that will provide ductile behaviour should be preferred in reinforced concrete precast structures.
Kaynakça
- AFAD, 2023. 06 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık-Elbistan Kahramanmaraş (Mw: 7.7 – Mw: 7.6) Depremleri Raporu, AFAD Deprem ve Risk Azaltma Genel Müdürlüğü, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı, 02 Haziran 2023, Erişim adresi: https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/content/143.
- Akgül M., Etli S., 2023. 06 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Pazarcık, Elbistan) Depremleri Sonrası Betonarme Binalarda Gözlenen Hasar Durumları. In International Conference on Scientific and Innovative Studies (ICSIS 2023 April 18-20, 2023 Konya- Türkiye), Vol. 1, No. 1, 309-318, Erişim adresi: https://as-proceeding.com/index.php/icsis.
- Ding C., Bai Y., Yang K., Zhang J., 2021. Cyclic behaviour of prefabricated connections for steel beam to concrete filled steel tube column, J. Constr. Steel Res., doi: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106422.
- Englekirk R.E., 1996. An innovative design solution for precast prestressed concrete buildings in high seismic zones, PCI Journal, 41(4), 44-53, doi: 10.15554/pcij.07011996.44.53.
- Guo W., Zhai Z., Cui Y., Yu Z., Wu X., 2019a. Seismic performance assessment of low-rise precast wall panel structure with bolt connections, Eng. Struct., 181, 562-578, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.060.
- Guo W., Zhai Z., Yu Z., Chen F., Gong Y., Tan T., 2019b. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Bolt Connections in a Low-Rise Precast Wall Panel Structure System, Adv. Civ. Eng., 2019, doi: 10.1155/2019/7594132.
- Kocaman İ., 2023. The effect of the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes (Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6) on historical masonry mosques and minarets. Engineering Failure Analysis, 149, 107225, 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2023.107225
- Korkmaz H.H., Tankut T., 2005. Performance of a precast concrete beam-to-beam connection subject to reversed cyclic loading, Eng. Struct., 27(9), 1392-1407, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.04.004.
- Lacerda M.M.S,, da Silva T.J., Alva G.M.S., de Lima M.C.V., 2018. Influence of the vertical grouting in the interface between corbel and beam in beam-to-column connections of precast concrete structures – An experimental analysis, Eng. Struct., 172, 201-213, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.05.113.
- Ochs J.E., Ehsani M.R., 1993. Moment Resistant Connections in Precast Concrete Frames for Seismic Regions, PCI J., 1993, 64-75, doi: 10.15554/pcij.09011993.64.75.
- Özden Ş., Atalay H.M., Akpınar E., Doyranlı B., İmren Ö., 2012. Betonarme Prefabrik Yapıların 23 Ekim 2011 Van Depreminde Gözlenen Performansı. Beton Prefabrikasyon Dergisi, 103, 11-9.
- Park R., 2002. Seismic design and construction of precast concrete buildings in New Zealand, PCI J., 47(5), 60-75, doi: 10.15554/pcij.09012002.60.75.
- Qi Y., Teng J., Shan Q., Ding J., Li Z., Huang C., Xing H., Yi W., 2021. Seismic performance of a novel prefabricated beam-to-column steel joint considering buckling behaviour of dampers, Engineering Structures, 229, 111591, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111591.
- Sagbas G., Garjan R.S., Sarikaya K., Deniz D., 2023. Field reconnaissance on seismic performance and functionality of Turkish industrial facilities affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 1-28, doi: 10.1007/s10518-023-01741-8
- Tanaka Y., Murakoshi J., 2011. Reexamination of dowel behavior of steel bars embedded in concrete, ACI Struct. J., 108(6), 659-668, doi: 10.14359/51683364.
- TBDY, 2018. Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, 2018.
- Vidjeapriya R., Jaya K.P., 2013. Experimental Study on two Simple Mechanical Precast Beam-Column Connections under Reverse Cyclic Loading, J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 27(4), 402-414, doi: 10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000324.