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Türkiye Sığır Eti Piyasasının Değerlendirilmesi: Mevcut Durum ve Gelecek Tahmini

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 253 - 265, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1176269

Öz

Türkiye’de sığır eti üretimi son yirmi yıl içinde ciddi miktarda artmakla birlikte piyasa dengesi sağlanamamakta ve fiyatlar sürekli olarak artmaktadır. Sektöre sağlanan destekler ve ithalat ise, ülkenin üretimde kendine yeterliğini sağlamada yeterince etkili olamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2000 yılı sonrası Türkiye’nin sığır eti piyasasının üretim, fiyat, ithalat ve politikalar açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Derleme olan bu çalışmada ilgili literatür, resmi dokümanlar ve zaman serilerinden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre Türkiye’de son yirmi yılda sığır eti üretimi artmış ve sığır etinin toplam kırmızı et üretimi içindeki payı %63’ten %78.3’e yükselmiştir. Üretim maliyetlerini azaltmak amacıyla verilen besi materyali ve yem desteklerine rağmen, yüksek üretim maliyetleri ve fiyat artışı önlenememiştir. Ayrıca, sığır eti-süt paritesi süt sığırcılığındaki karlılığın besi sığırcılığına göre azaldığını ve üreticilerin uzun dönemde besi materyali sıkıntısı yaşayacağını göstermektedir. Hayvancılık desteklerinin karma üretimi teşvik edecek şekilde revize edilmesi ve kooperatifleşmenin maliyetleri azaltıcı ve pazarlama kanallarını iyileştirecek biçimde geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Agus, A., Widi, T.S.M. (2018). Current situation and future prospects for beef cattle production in Indonesia—A review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 976-983. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0233.
  • Akin, A.C., Arikan, M.S., Cevrimli, M.B. (2020). Effect of import decisions in Turkey between 2010-2017 on the red meat sector. MAE Vet Fak Derg, 5(2), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.725022.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N. (2017). Samsun İlinde Hayvancılık Desteklerinin Besi İşletmelerinin Üretim ve Gelirlerine Etkileri. Doktora Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M., Bilgic, A., Kılıc-Topuz, B., Baser, U. (2021). Structural Break Analysis in Beef Production of Turkey. KSU J. Agric Nat, 24 (5), 1111-1117.https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.812961.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M. (2019). The Effects of Livestock Supports and External Input Use on Profitability of Beef Cattle Farming: The Case of Samsun Province, Turkey. Cust Agronegocio, 15(3), 368-383.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M., Bilgic, A. (2020). The impact of livestock supports on production and income of the beef cattle farms: A case of Samsun province, Turkey. J of Agric Sci, 26(1), 117-129. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.487493.
  • Anonymous (2018). Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 11. Kalkınma Planı 2019-2023. Tarım ve Gıdada Rekabetçi Üretim Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu.
  • Aydin, E., Sakarya, E. (2012). Economic analysis of intensive cattle breeding enterprises in the provinces of Kars and Erzurum. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak, 18(6), 997-1005.
  • Bunmee, T., Chaiwang, N., Kaewkot, C., Jaturasitha, S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Thailand—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7),968-975. https://doi.org/10. 5713/ajas.18.0201.
  • Celik, C., Sarıozkan, S. (2017). Economic Analysis of Cattle Fattening Enterprises in the Centre of Kırşehir Province. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg, 6(1), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325720.
  • Chung, K.Y., Lee, S.H., Cho, S.H., Kwon, E.G., Lee, J.H. (2018). Current situation and future prospects for beef production in South Korea—A review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 951-960. https://doi.org/ 10.5713/ajas.18.0187.
  • Drouillard, J.S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Trends for Beef Production in the United States of America—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 1007-1016. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas. 18.0428.
  • FAO (2020). Meat Market Review, Overview of global meat market developments in 2019. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/ca8819 en/CA8819 EN. pdf.
  • FAO (2021a). Animal Production and Health, Meat and Meat Products. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/meat/home.html.
  • FAO (2021b). Meat Market Review, Overview of global meat market developments in 2020. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/cb3700 en/cb3700en.pdf.
  • FAO (2021c). Databases. Production, Livestock Primary. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/ faostat/en/#data/QCL.
  • FAO (2021d). Databases. Trade, Crops and livestock products. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TCL.
  • FAO (2022). Meat Market Review, Emerging trends and outlook. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/cb7886en/cb7886 en .pdf.
  • Gotoh, T., Nishimura, T., Kuchida, K., Mannen, H. (2018). The Japanese Wagyu beef industry: current situation and future prospects—a review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 933-950. https://doi.org/10.5713 /ajas.18.0333.
  • Gozener, B., Sayili, M. (2015a). TR83 bölgesinde sığır yetiştiriciliğine yer veren işletmelerin ekonomik analizi ve teknik etkinlik. Tarımsal Ekonomi ve Politika Geliştirme Enstitüsü, Yayın no: 247, Ankara.
  • Gozener, B., Sayili, M. (2015b). Production Cost and factors Affecting Live Weight Gain in Cattle Fattening in the Turhal District of Tokat Province. J of Agric Sci, 21(2), 288-299. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_ 0000001331.
  • Greenwood, P.L., Gardner, G.E., Ferguson, D.M. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for the Australian Beef Industry—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 992-1006. https://doi.org/ 10.5713 /ajas.18.0090.
  • Hocquette J.F., Ellies-Oury M.P., Lherm M., Pineau C., Deblitz C., Farmer L. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Europe- A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 1017-1035. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas. 18.0196.
  • Kılıç-Topuz, B (2017). Samsun ili tarımsal üretici birliklerinde güven ve performansa etkili faktörler. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Li, X.Z., Yan, C.G., Zan, L.S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in China—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 984-991. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0212.
  • MoAF (2015). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Livestock, Ankara.
  • MoAF (2018a). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Durum ve Tahmin Kırmızı Et. TEPGE Yayın No:302.
  • MoAF (2018b). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2017 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2019). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2018 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2020). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2019 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2021). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2020 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2022). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2020 Activity Report.
  • Napasirth, P., Napasirth, V. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Lao People’s Democratic Republic—a Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 961-967. https://doi.org/10.5713 /ajas.18.0206.
  • Niyaz, Ö.C. (2018). Türkiye’de Sığır Eti Üretimi ve Dış Ticaretinde Son 25 Yıllık Tarımsal Politikaların ve Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi. KSÜ Tar Doğa Derg 21 (Özel Sayı), 237-244. https://doi.org/ ksutarimdoga.v21i41625.472856.
  • Sarısoy, İ., Akay, F. (2018). Gıda Güvencesizliği ile Sonuçlanan Piyasa Başarısızlığı: 2008 ve Sonrasında Türkiye Kırmızı Et Piyasası ve Kamu Yönetiminin Rolü. Strategic Public Management Journal, 4(8), 106-121.
  • Smith, S.B., Gotoh, T., Greenwood, P.L. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Global Beef Production: Overview of Special Issue. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 927-932. https://doi.org/10. 5713/ajas.18.0405.
  • TFMA (2022). Statistics. Accessed on http://www.yem.org.tr/Birligimiz/istatistikler.
  • TurkStat (2021a). Agriculture, Statistical Tables. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Kategori/GetKategori?p=Agriculture-111.
  • TurkStat (2021b). Agriculture, Metadata, Red Meat Production Statistics. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/Get Kategori?p= Agriculture-111.
  • TurkStat (2022a). Methodological Document of the Revision for Red Meat Statistics. Accessed on file:///C:/ Users/ 10488075384/Downloads/ Methodological %20Document%20of%20the%20Revision%20for%20Red%20Meat%20Production% 20Statistics.pdf.
  • TurkStat (2022b). Main Statistics, Livestock Production. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1.
  • TurkStat (2022c). Statistics by Theme, Agricultural Prices and Economic Accounts. Prices of Animal Products. Accessed on http://www.TurkStat. gov.tr/PreTablo. do?alt_id= 1004.

An Assessment of Beef Market in Turkey: Current Status and Future Prospects

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 253 - 265, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1176269

Öz

Although beef production has substantially increased in the last two decades in Turkey, market balance could not be realized and price of beef have perpetually increased. Self-sufficiency of the country could not be achieved yet in spite of domestic supports and import protection on cattle sector. The objective of this review was to assess the developments in Turkish beef market in terms of production, prices, import and support policies since 2000. The material of this study is related literature, official documents and time series data for beef market. The results of this review indicated that beef production has increased in Turkey in the last two decades and the share of beef in total read meat production has increased from 63% to 78.3%. Although the government has granted some supports in order to lessen the high production costs such as breeding material and feed, high costs and price rises in beef production couldn’t be prevented. Besides, the beef-milk parity highlighted that profitability of dairy farming has lessened in contrast to beef breeding and the producers would confront breeding material problem in the long run. Livestock supports should be revised in order to encourage mixed type of production and unionization should be improved to alleviate costs and enhance marketing channels.

Kaynakça

  • Agus, A., Widi, T.S.M. (2018). Current situation and future prospects for beef cattle production in Indonesia—A review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 976-983. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0233.
  • Akin, A.C., Arikan, M.S., Cevrimli, M.B. (2020). Effect of import decisions in Turkey between 2010-2017 on the red meat sector. MAE Vet Fak Derg, 5(2), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.725022.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N. (2017). Samsun İlinde Hayvancılık Desteklerinin Besi İşletmelerinin Üretim ve Gelirlerine Etkileri. Doktora Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M., Bilgic, A., Kılıc-Topuz, B., Baser, U. (2021). Structural Break Analysis in Beef Production of Turkey. KSU J. Agric Nat, 24 (5), 1111-1117.https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.812961.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M. (2019). The Effects of Livestock Supports and External Input Use on Profitability of Beef Cattle Farming: The Case of Samsun Province, Turkey. Cust Agronegocio, 15(3), 368-383.
  • Alhas-Eroglu, N., Bozoglu, M., Bilgic, A. (2020). The impact of livestock supports on production and income of the beef cattle farms: A case of Samsun province, Turkey. J of Agric Sci, 26(1), 117-129. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.487493.
  • Anonymous (2018). Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 11. Kalkınma Planı 2019-2023. Tarım ve Gıdada Rekabetçi Üretim Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu.
  • Aydin, E., Sakarya, E. (2012). Economic analysis of intensive cattle breeding enterprises in the provinces of Kars and Erzurum. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak, 18(6), 997-1005.
  • Bunmee, T., Chaiwang, N., Kaewkot, C., Jaturasitha, S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Thailand—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7),968-975. https://doi.org/10. 5713/ajas.18.0201.
  • Celik, C., Sarıozkan, S. (2017). Economic Analysis of Cattle Fattening Enterprises in the Centre of Kırşehir Province. Harran Univ Vet Fak Derg, 6(1), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.325720.
  • Chung, K.Y., Lee, S.H., Cho, S.H., Kwon, E.G., Lee, J.H. (2018). Current situation and future prospects for beef production in South Korea—A review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 951-960. https://doi.org/ 10.5713/ajas.18.0187.
  • Drouillard, J.S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Trends for Beef Production in the United States of America—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 1007-1016. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas. 18.0428.
  • FAO (2020). Meat Market Review, Overview of global meat market developments in 2019. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/ca8819 en/CA8819 EN. pdf.
  • FAO (2021a). Animal Production and Health, Meat and Meat Products. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/meat/home.html.
  • FAO (2021b). Meat Market Review, Overview of global meat market developments in 2020. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/cb3700 en/cb3700en.pdf.
  • FAO (2021c). Databases. Production, Livestock Primary. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/ faostat/en/#data/QCL.
  • FAO (2021d). Databases. Trade, Crops and livestock products. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TCL.
  • FAO (2022). Meat Market Review, Emerging trends and outlook. Accessed on https://www.fao.org/3/cb7886en/cb7886 en .pdf.
  • Gotoh, T., Nishimura, T., Kuchida, K., Mannen, H. (2018). The Japanese Wagyu beef industry: current situation and future prospects—a review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 933-950. https://doi.org/10.5713 /ajas.18.0333.
  • Gozener, B., Sayili, M. (2015a). TR83 bölgesinde sığır yetiştiriciliğine yer veren işletmelerin ekonomik analizi ve teknik etkinlik. Tarımsal Ekonomi ve Politika Geliştirme Enstitüsü, Yayın no: 247, Ankara.
  • Gozener, B., Sayili, M. (2015b). Production Cost and factors Affecting Live Weight Gain in Cattle Fattening in the Turhal District of Tokat Province. J of Agric Sci, 21(2), 288-299. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_ 0000001331.
  • Greenwood, P.L., Gardner, G.E., Ferguson, D.M. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for the Australian Beef Industry—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 992-1006. https://doi.org/ 10.5713 /ajas.18.0090.
  • Hocquette J.F., Ellies-Oury M.P., Lherm M., Pineau C., Deblitz C., Farmer L. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Europe- A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 1017-1035. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas. 18.0196.
  • Kılıç-Topuz, B (2017). Samsun ili tarımsal üretici birliklerinde güven ve performansa etkili faktörler. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Li, X.Z., Yan, C.G., Zan, L.S. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in China—A Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 984-991. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0212.
  • MoAF (2015). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Livestock, Ankara.
  • MoAF (2018a). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Durum ve Tahmin Kırmızı Et. TEPGE Yayın No:302.
  • MoAF (2018b). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2017 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2019). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2018 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2020). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2019 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2021). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2020 Activity Report.
  • MoAF (2022). Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, 2020 Activity Report.
  • Napasirth, P., Napasirth, V. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Beef Production in Lao People’s Democratic Republic—a Review. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 961-967. https://doi.org/10.5713 /ajas.18.0206.
  • Niyaz, Ö.C. (2018). Türkiye’de Sığır Eti Üretimi ve Dış Ticaretinde Son 25 Yıllık Tarımsal Politikaların ve Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi. KSÜ Tar Doğa Derg 21 (Özel Sayı), 237-244. https://doi.org/ ksutarimdoga.v21i41625.472856.
  • Sarısoy, İ., Akay, F. (2018). Gıda Güvencesizliği ile Sonuçlanan Piyasa Başarısızlığı: 2008 ve Sonrasında Türkiye Kırmızı Et Piyasası ve Kamu Yönetiminin Rolü. Strategic Public Management Journal, 4(8), 106-121.
  • Smith, S.B., Gotoh, T., Greenwood, P.L. (2018). Current Situation and Future Prospects for Global Beef Production: Overview of Special Issue. Asian Austral J Anim Sci, 31(7), 927-932. https://doi.org/10. 5713/ajas.18.0405.
  • TFMA (2022). Statistics. Accessed on http://www.yem.org.tr/Birligimiz/istatistikler.
  • TurkStat (2021a). Agriculture, Statistical Tables. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/ Kategori/GetKategori?p=Agriculture-111.
  • TurkStat (2021b). Agriculture, Metadata, Red Meat Production Statistics. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/Get Kategori?p= Agriculture-111.
  • TurkStat (2022a). Methodological Document of the Revision for Red Meat Statistics. Accessed on file:///C:/ Users/ 10488075384/Downloads/ Methodological %20Document%20of%20the%20Revision%20for%20Red%20Meat%20Production% 20Statistics.pdf.
  • TurkStat (2022b). Main Statistics, Livestock Production. Accessed on https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1.
  • TurkStat (2022c). Statistics by Theme, Agricultural Prices and Economic Accounts. Prices of Animal Products. Accessed on http://www.TurkStat. gov.tr/PreTablo. do?alt_id= 1004.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Tarım Politikaları
Bölüm Derleme Makale
Yazarlar

Nevra Alhas Eroğlu

Mehmet Bozoğlu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Alhas Eroğlu, N., & Bozoğlu, M. (2023). An Assessment of Beef Market in Turkey: Current Status and Future Prospects. Tarım Ekonomisi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 253-265. https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1176269