Assessment of Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Dairy Cattle Farms and Management Practices in The Northern Region of Iraq

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 27 - 45, 30.06.2024

Eftekhar Ali Hakim Cuma Akbay

https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1464518

Öz

Dairy farming plays a significant role in the socio-economic development of the northern region of Iraq, constituting a crucial segment of the rural economy. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the sociodemographic characteristics of dairy farms and management practices in the Northern Region of Iraq. Data were gathered from 280 dairy farmers in the Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Dohuk, and Halep provinces and analyzed using frequency tables and descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the average number of cows per farm stood at 28.2, with an estimated average milk yield of 10.1 liters per cow. Additionally, 53.2% of farms in the surveyed area reported the utilization of artificial insemination techniques. Despite these achievements, several challenges confront milk producers in the region, such as a lack of digital skills, the burden of high feeding costs, inadequate feeding, challenges related to hygiene and disease control within dairy herds, uncertainties regarding market access, and limited veterinary services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dairy farm, milk production, marketing, technology, extension

Irak'ın Kuzey Bölgesinde Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Sosyo-demografik Özelliklerinin ve Yönetim Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Süt hayvancılığı, kırsal ekonominin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturan Irak'ın kuzey bölgesinin sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Kuzey Irak bölgesinde süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin sosyodemografik özellikleri ve hayvancılık uygulamalarını araştırmaktır. Veriler Erbil, Süleymaniye, Dohuk ve Halep illerindeki 280 süt sığırcılığı işletmesinden toplanmış ve frekans tabloları ve tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, işletme başına ortalama inek sayısının 28.2 ve tahmini ortalama süt veriminin inek başına 10.1 litre olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Anket yapılan bölgedeki işletmelerin %53.2'si suni tohumlama tekniklerini kullanıldıklarını bildirmişlerdir. Bu başarılara rağmen, dijital beceri eksikliği, yüksek yem maliyetleri, yetersiz besleme, süt sığırlarında hijyen ve hastalık kontrolü ile ilgili zorluklar, pazara erişimle ilgili belirsizlikler ve sınırlı veterinerlik hizmetleri gibi bölgedeki süt üreticilerinin karşı karşıya olduğu çeşitli zorluklar bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Süt sığırcılığı, süt üretimi, pazarlama, teknoloji, yayım, Erbil, Irak

Etik Beyan

Araştırmanın materyalini toplamak için Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Etik Kurulu 25.03.2024 tarihindeki oturumda 2024_7 Karar sayısına göre etik kurul uygunluk kararı alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

This study was produced from the first author’s PhD thesis " The Effect of Government Policy on Dairy Farms in the Northern Region of Iraq" accepted by Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.

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